The division of Wessex into hundreds is thought to date from the reign of King Athelstan, and in the Geld Inquest of 1083, only seven hundreds are found in Cornwall, identified by the names of the chief manors of each: Connerton, Winnianton, Pawton, Tybesta, Stratton, Fawton and Rillaton. At the time of the Domesday Survey of 1086, the internal order of the Cornish manors in the Exeter Domesday Book is in most cases based on the hundreds to which they belonged, although the hundred names are not used. All of the lordships of the Hundreds of Cornwall belonged, and still belong, to the Duchy of Cornwall, apart from Penwith which belonged to the Arundells of Lanherne. The Arundells sold their lordship to the Hawkins family in 1813 and the Hawkinses went on to sell it to the Paynters in 1832. The Lordship of Penwith came with a great number of rights over the entire hundred. These included: rights to try certain cases of trespass, trespass on the law, debt and detinue, to appoint a jailor for the detention of persons apprehended, to receive high-rent from the lords of the principal manors and to claim the regalia of the navigable rivers and havens, the profits of the royal gold and silver mines, and all wrecks, escheats, deodands, treasure trove, waifs, estrays, goods of felons and droits of admiralty happening within the hundred. The Lann Pydar joint benefice is a benefice combining those of St Ervan, St Eval, St Mawgan and St Columb Major. It is in Pydar deanery of the Diocese of Truro.
Origin of the hundred names
The origins of the names have puzzled some earlier writers on the subject: Penwith is certainly the name of Land's End in Cornish ; Kerrier is thought by Thomas to be derived from an obsolete name of Castle Pencaire on Tregonning Hill, Breage; Lesnewth denotes a place where a 'new court' has been established ; Powder has no certain derivation: 'pou' must mean 'territory' in Cornish; Pydar has been variously explained: perhaps it derives from a Cornish word meaning 'a fourth part'; Stratton was at the time of Domesday an important manor and 200 years earlier it is mentioned as 'Strætneat' ; Trigg is explained in the separate article; East and West must have originally had a Cornish name but it is not recorded The original English name was Twofold-shire, because it was divided into the two parts, East and West. The names East Twofold-shire and West Twofold-shire were then misdivided, giving the name Wivelshire.
