ISU Grand Prix of Figure Skating
The ISU Grand Prix of Figure Skating is a series of senior international figure skating competitions organized by the International Skating Union. The invitational series was inaugurated in 1995, incorporating several previously existing events. Medals are awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. The junior-level equivalent is the ISU Junior Grand Prix.
Summary
Competitions
Currently, the sanctioned competitions for the Grand Prix are:- Skate America. First held in 1979 as Norton Skate, the event has been part of the series since 1995 and its location changes yearly.
- Skate Canada International. First held in 1973, the event has been part of the series since 1995 and its location changes yearly.
- Cup of China. It was created in 2003 and joined the Grand Prix series in the same year, replacing the German event. It has been held in Beijing, Shanghai, Harbin, Nanjing, and Chongqing. It was replaced in 2018 by the Grand Prix of Helsinki.
- Internationaux de France. First held in 1987, the event has been part of the series since 1995. From 1987 to 2014, it was always held in Paris, with the exception of 1991, 1994, and 1995. Since 2014, it has been held in Bordeaux, Paris, and Grenoble.
- Rostelecom Cup. The Prize of Moscow News having disappeared with the breakup of the Soviet Union, the Cup of Russia was established in 1996 and joined the series in the same year, adopting the name Rostelecom Cup in 2009. It is generally held in Moscow and, less frequently, in Saint Petersburg.
- NHK Trophy. First held in 1979, the event has been part of the series since 1995. The location changes yearly — it has been held in Tokyo, Sapporo, Kobe, Kushiro, Asahikawa, Hiroshima, Chiba, Morioka, Nagoya, Osaka, Nagano, Kumamoto, Kyoto, Fukuoka, and Sendai.
- Grand Prix of Figure Skating Final. Created in 1995 to serve as the concluding event, it features the top six qualifiers in each discipline from the six earlier competitions. The event adopted its current name in the 1998–99 season. Its location changes yearly.
Discontinued competitions
- Bofrost Cup on Ice. First held in 1986, the event was part of the series from 1995 to 2002. Generally held in Gelsenkirchen, the event adopted the name Bofrost Cup on Ice in 2002.
- Grand Prix of Helsinki. The event replaced Cup of China in 2018. Cup of China returned to the series from the 2019–20 season onwards.
Background
When it was first created in the 1995–1996 skating season, the series was known as the ISU Champions Series. It did not become known as the Grand Prix of Figure Skating until the 1998–1999 season, when the ISU gained the rights to use that name.
It was originally composed of five events, held in the United States, Canada, Japan, Germany, and France. Following the demise of the Prize of Moscow News, last held in 1990, the Russian federation created the Cup of Russia, which increased the number of events to six in 1996, the series' second year. In the fall of 2003, the event in Germany, the Bofrost Cup on Ice, was discontinued, and was replaced with one in China, due to the ISU having negotiated a more favorable television contract in that country.
In 1997, the ISU also created a similar series of developmental events for junior age-eligible skaters. Initially known as the ISU Junior Series, these events are now named the ISU Junior Grand Prix. This season begins before the senior-level one does.
Qualifying
Skaters are entered in the individual events either by being seeded or by invitation. The seeding of top skaters at Grand Prix events basically takes into account their placement from the previous World Championships, as well as their ISU international ranking. Skaters who are not seeded can be invited by the hosting country and each country can invite up to three of their own skaters for each discipline. This is to give a balanced field throughout the series, as well as allowing the hosting country a chance to showcase their top competitors.The Grand Prix of Figure Skating uses a points-based system based on results from the selected international events. The top qualifying skaters from each discipline are eligible to compete in the Grand Prix Figure Skating Final. The entry, seeding, and qualification rules for the individual events have varied from year to year, and also between the different disciplines. Typically, seeded skaters can be entered in either two or three events, while other skaters may be entered in either one or two events.
Starting with the 2003-04 season, the Interim Judging System was introduced for scoring events in the Grand Prix. This later developed into the ISU Judging System, often called the Code of Points, of figure skating, replacing the previous 6.0 system.
Over the years, the ISU has experimented with different formats for the Grand Prix Final competition. In some years, skaters were required to prepare three different programs rather than the normal two, with the third program being used for a skate-off between the top two finishers in each discipline after the initial rounds. This is no longer the case.
Eligibility
To be eligible for the senior Grand Prix series, skaters are required to have turned 15 by the preceding July 1. A skater must meet the age requirement before it turns July 1 in their place of birth. For example, Adelina Sotnikova was born a few hours into July 1, 1996, in Moscow and consequently, was not eligible to compete until the 2011-12 season.In 2011, minimum score requirements were added to the senior Grand Prix series and set at two-thirds of the top scores at the 2011 World Championships. Prior to competing in a senior Grand Prix event, skaters must earn the following:
The International Skating Union decided that the minimums do not apply to "host picks", i.e. Canadians Adriana DeSanctis and Elladj Baldé were allowed to compete at their home country's event, 2011 Skate Canada, despite failing to reach the minimums at the 2011 Nebelhorn Trophy.
Gold medalists
Men
Ladies
Pairs
Ice dance
† From 1995 to 2002, this spot on the Grand Prix calendar was filled by the German Cup on Ice. The Cup of China replaced it on the circuit in 2003 and has held that spot ever since, with the exception of 2018, when the Cup of China did not take place; its spot on the calendar was filled that year by the 2018 Grand Prix of Helsinki. The names of the medalists in this table reflect the winners of those respective events for the years that the Cup of China was not held.‡ Previously known as the Trophée de France, Trophée Lalique, and Trophée Éric Bompard.
‡‡ Known since 2009 as the Rostelecom Cup for commercial purposes.
Top gold medalists
Only top 10 positions by number of victories are shown here. Bold denotes active skater. Skaters who at least once participated in three Grand Prix events within a single season, the Grand Prix Final not included, are marked with an asterisk.Men | # | |
1. | Evgeni Plushenko* | 22 |
2. | Patrick Chan | 14 |
2. | Alexei Yagudin* | 14 |
4. | Yuzuru Hanyu | 12 |
5. | Nathan Chen | 9 |
5. | Daisuke Takahashi | 9 |
7. | Brian Joubert* | 8 |
8. | Javier Fernández | 7 |
9. | Nobunari Oda | 5 |
9. | Shoma Uno | 5 |
9. | Alexei Urmanov* | 5 |
Ladies | # | |
1. | Irina Slutskaya* | 17 |
2. | Mao Asada | 15 |
3. | Michelle Kwan* | 13 |
4. | Maria Butyrskaya* | 10 |
4. | Yuna Kim | 10 |
6. | Evgenia Medvedeva | 7 |
7. | Sasha Cohen* | 6 |
8. | Miki Ando* | 5 |
8. | Carolina Kostner* | 5 |
8. | Joannie Rochette | 5 |
8. | Elizaveta Tuktamysheva | 5 |
8. | Ashley Wagner | 5 |
8. | Alina Zagitova | 5 |
Pair skaters | # | |
1. | Aljona Savchenko* | 22 |
1. | Shen Xue* | 22 |
1. | Zhao Hongbo* | 22 |
4. | Robin Szolkowy* | 18 |
5. | Zhang Hao* | 12 |
6. | Elena Berezhnaya* | 11 |
7. | Pang Qing* | 10 |
7. | Anton Sikharulidze* | 10 |
7. | Tong Jian* | 10 |
7. | Zhang Dan* | 10 |
Ice dancers | # | |
1. | Meryl Davis | 16 |
1. | Charlie White | 16 |
3. | Scott Moir | 14 |
3. | Tessa Virtue | 14 |
5. | Marina Anissina* | 13 |
5. | Gwendal Peizerat* | 13 |
7. | Guillaume Cizeron | 10 |
7. | Roman Kostomarov* | 10 |
7. | Tatiana Navka* | 10 |
7. | Gabriella Papadakis | 10 |