Interac e-Transfer is a funds transfer service between personal and business accounts at participating Canadian banks and other financial institutions, offered through Interac Corporation. From inception until early 2018, the service was provided by Acxsys, a for-profit consortium backed by most of the major partners of the nonprofit Interac Association, and using the Interac brand under licence. In February 2018, the activities of both organizations were combined into a single for-profit organization under the Interac name.
An e-Transfer resembles an e-check in many respects. The money is not actually transferred by e-mail. Only the instructions to retrieve the funds are.
The sender opens an online banking session and chooses the recipient, the amount to send, as well as a security question and answer. The funds are debited instantly, usually for a surcharge. The sender sends the security answer separately to the recipient, usually through another medium outside of the e-mail as a secondary security measure.
An e-mail or text message is then sent to the recipient, with instructions on how to retrieve the funds and answer the question, via a secure website.
* If the recipient is subscribed to online banking at one of the participating institutions, the funds are deposited instantly at no extra charge.
* If the recipient's deposit account is not at one of the participating institutions or not subscribed to online banking at all, the funds are deposited within three to five business days, and a surcharge is deducted from the amount received.
The Autodeposit feature allows senders to send money and be received by the recipient without the recipient having to answer a security question. The recipient must enable this feature in their account settings. Not all banks offer this feature.
When an eTransfer has not been accepted after a certain period of time the transfer will not go through. The transfer duration depends on bank and/or on the persons settings. Some eTransfers can be automatically canceled after 24 hours or for a period of up to 30 days depending on bank/user. Banks like TD, CIBC and RBC have a set 30 day limit until an eTransfer is cancelled, while other banks have shorter durations and set limits.
Benefits and disadvantages
Unlike a cheque, the funds from an e-Transfer are not frozen in the recipient's account. An e-Transfer cannot bounce, as the funds are guaranteed, having been debited from the sender's account immediately upon initiating the transfer. As long as both sender and recipient bank are participating institutions, the funds are sent and received instantly. However in some cases, for example two people with different banking institutions, transfers may take anywhere between near instant, or up to a few hours for the receiving party to get their emailed notice. However, like any online banking mode of payment, e-Transfers are vulnerable to phishing. Many Canadians in areas where the Big Five banks have little presence or who do not bank online are penalized by a surcharge when receiving e-Transfers. Unlike a real giro, an e-Transfer requires intervention from the recipient for every single transaction unless the recipient has signed up for Autodeposit. An e-Transfer goes stale much faster than a cheque.
In 2019 several articles published by Erica Johnson reported that e-Transfers had been intercepted and/or redirected via different means such as guessing security questions or impersonating e-Transfer customers. In many cases, the customers were not reimbursed. In the same year a paper published on arxiv.org examined the security and privacy of Interac e-Transfer and came to the conclusion that "Standard e-Transfers are potentially insecure against redirections" and that "the platform fails to protect its customers’ privacy" due to relying on technologies such as e-mail and SMS.
