Ixtab


At the time of the Spanish conquest of Yucatán, Ix Tab or Ixtab was the indigenous Mayan goddess of suicide by hanging. Playing the role of a psychopomp, she would accompany such suicides to heaven. No certain depictions of Ixtab are known.

Comparisons

Ix Tab is the female form of ah tab, "hangman". The function of Ix Tab as a benevolent "hangwoman" could derive from a basic association with snares. Landa mentions the hunting deity Tabay, possibly a patron of hunting with snares, including such that hoist the prey into the air. Animals hoisted by such snares are found depicted in the Dresden and Madrid codices, the Madrid codex personifying one of these traps by a male hunting deity. Ix Tab could be understood as a specialized, female form of such a deity, dlring the human quarry into the hanging rope personified by her. Suicides freely putting their heads into this "snare" could then be seen to consecrate themselves to her. On the other hand, the Xtabay of contemporary folklore is a seductive female demon "ensnaring" or "deceiving" her male human preys so as to madden and destroy them.

Dresden Codex

The Dresden Codex picture of a dead woman with a rope around the neck, suspended from a celestial bar, is often, and without further proof, taken to represent Ix Tab. However, since the picture occurs in a section devoted to eclipses of sun and moon, it may rather have been used to symbolize a lunar eclipse and its dire consequences for women, who were intimately associated with the moon goddess.

As possible fabrication

It has been claimed that the Pre-Spanish Maya did not have a suicide goddess, or a significant narrative of suicide by hanging. Originally, Ix Tab may only have been a hunting goddess. Today, the sensationalist idea of a "cult of Ix Tab" appears to be invoked by popular Yucatecan media to portray suicide as an indigenous problem, given that Yucatán has a suicide rate more than twice that of Mexico at large.