John Jackson Helm was born in 1837, the son of George Helm and Ruth Mayo Helm.
War years
Helm fought for the Confederacy during the Civil War, enlisting as a private with Company G, Texas Cavalry, CSA. It is reported that during the war he killed a black man just for whistling a Yankee song.
Immediately after the war, Helm worked for rancher "Shanghai" Pierce rousting cattle. During this time, he functioned as the leader of the Goliad County Regulators, a group of vigilantes, who cruelly but successfully restored order to the area. In June, 1869, Helm was appointed a 'special officer' by Colonel Joseph J. Reynolds to assist Capt. C. S. Bell in subduing the outlaw "Taylor Party" in neighboring DeWitt County, drawing him into the Sutton–Taylor feud. Helm now found himself aligned with the Sutton faction. Helm was also sworn as a Goliad County deputy sheriff, based out of Middletown at this time. On August 23, 1869, Bell and Helm led an attack on the Taylor brother's ranch. In the ensuing gun battle, Hays Taylor was killed, and Doby Taylor was wounded. Helm and Goliad County Sheriff Andrew J. Jacobs, were successful in the capture of a Creed Taylor ally, Jim Bell, wanted on warrants. Jacobs, however, was shortly thereafter killed by the Peaces brothers, also Taylor family allies. Afterward, Helm became relentless in hunting down members of the Taylor faction. Helm had by now developed a reputation for bringing in wanted men more often dead than alive. At this time, the Galveston Daily News reported that Helm and his men had killed more than 20 men in two months, while his force had handed over just ten men to civil authorities. On July 1, 1870, Helm joined the Texas State Police. With Governor Edmund J. Davis's approval, Helm held the rank of captain, and was tasked with patrolling the Texas counties of Wilson, Nueces, DeWitt, Bee, and Goliad during the Reconstruction. On August 26, 1870, Captain Helm and his men attempted to arrest brothers Henry and William Kelly, on a trivial charge. During the attempted arrests, the Kellys were killed. Mainly due to his decidedly heavy-handed methods, and the public outrage following the deaths of the Kelly brothers, Helm was suspended the following October. Governor Davis dismissed him from the State Police Force in December 1870. He was, however, legally cleared of any wrongdoing. After his dismissal from the Texas State Police Force, Helm continued to serve the area, as sheriff of DeWitt County; he had been elected by 305 votes and beating two different competitors for office of Sherriff.
Ambushed in town
On May 17, 1873, the outlaw, John Wesley Hardin, an ally of the Taylor family, played a part in the death of Helm in Albuquerque, Texas. Reportedly, Hardin, Helm and Sam McCracken, an acquaintance of Helm and Albuquerque's first settler, were talking in front of a blacksmith shop. Helm had recently moved to area in order to perfect a cotton-worm destroyer which he had invented. He was living at a boarding house, and found himself unarmed when confronted by Hardin, having left his guns in his room while working on his invention at the blacksmith shop. While being distracted by Hardin, Jim Taylor crept up on Helm from behind and attempted to shoot him, but his revolver misfired. As the startled Helm turned, Taylor managed to get off a shot, striking Helm in the chest. Helm rushed Taylor, but Hardin shattered Helm's arm with a shotgun blast. Helm then attempted to flee into the blacksmith shop. While Hardin held the townspeople at gunpoint, Taylor chased down Helm and unloaded the remaining five bullets into his head. As Hardin and Taylor mounted their horses and prepared to ride away, they boasted that they had accomplished what they had set out to do.
