Jakarta MRT


The Jakarta Mass Rapid Transit or Jakarta MRT is a rapid transit system in Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia.
The system is operated by PT MRT Jakarta , a municipally owned perseroan terbatas of the city of Jakarta. Phase 1 of the project was officially opened on 24 March 2019.

Background

is the capital city of Indonesia, harbouring 10 million inhabitants, one-third of the population of Greater Jakarta. It is estimated that over four million residents of the surrounding Greater Jakarta area commute to and from the city each working day. Transport issues have increasingly begun to attract political attention and it has been foreseen that without a major transportation breakthrough, the city will have complete traffic gridlock by 2020.
As of 2010, public transportation in Jakarta served only 56% of commuter trips. This figure urgently needs to be raised, as the city's 9.5% average annual growth rate of vehicles far exceeds the increase in road length between 2005 and 2010.
Public transportation now mainly consists of the TransJakarta bus rapid transit system, the World's longest BRT system with a length of 230 kilometers, the KRL Jabodetabek Metro Jakarta Electrified Train System, Southeast Asia's longest electrified metropolitan transit system with 418 kilometers length consisting of 1 elevated line and 5 at ground level, and various types of independent buses, starting from the very small bemo and pickup-truck sized mikrolet, to slightly larger minibuses such as the widely used MetroMini and Kopaja minibuses and full sized city buses. There are also both two and four wheeled taxis.

Funding

Phase 1 of the project was funded through a soft loan from JICA with a 30 years tenure and 0.25% interest per annum. The loan number IP is 536 for engineering services. The engineering services loan is a pre-construction loan to prepare the construction phase. It consists of:
Phase 2 was funded through a similar loan scheme with a 40 years tenure, allowing a 10 years grace period. The first stage of phase 2 funding incurred 0.1% interest per annumn. Phase 2 funding will cover a portion of phase 1 excess expenditure.

Timeline of development

Phase 1

A total of eight contracts were awarded.
On 1 June 2013, the first three civil contracts for the underground section were signed. Three civil engineering contracts for the elevated section were signed in the third quarter of 2013. Construction work began in October 2013.
Tunnelling was completed on 23 February 2017, meeting the target completion date. By October 2017, the construction of both elevated and underground line sections were completed.
Ahead of its official opening, a limited public trial run was conducted from 12 March 2019 to 23 March 2019. The official opening ceremony was held on 24 March 2019 by the Indonesian president, Joko Widodo.

Phase 2

A total of six contracts were put up.
Groundbreaking for Phase 2 was initially planned to begin on 19 December 2018. However, due to land acquisition issues, it was pushed back a month, to January 2019. On 30 January 2019, President Director of PT MRT Jakarta, William Sabandar announced that the groundbreaking ceremony is delayed again as the State Secretariat has yet to issue a land-use permit for the area near Medan Merdeka.
The groundbreaking ceremony for Phase 2 was finally held on 24 March 2019. Advanced works began in June 2019 near the future Monas station.Site works were originally planned to begin in March 2020. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, it was pushed back three months, to June 2020.

Network

The Jakarta MRT is expected to stretch across over 108 kilometres, including 26.7 kilometres for the Red line and 87 kilometres for the Yellow line.
The following table lists the MRT lines that are currently operational, under construction or planned:

Red line (North-South corridor)

The Red line will be built in two phases. After completion of MRT Phase 1 and 2, the MRT together with TransJakarta are predicted to serve 60 percent total trips made by Jakartans. A groundbreaking ceremony was held on 10 October 2013.

Phase 1

Phase 1 connects Lebak Bulus to Bundaran HI along 15.7 kilometres and consists of 13 stations. The Indonesian Ministry of Transport approved this plan in September 2010 and invited tenders. Construction began in October 2013.
Phase 1 was opened for free service on 24 March 2019. Commercial service began on 1 April 2019. Phase 1 is expected to serve 212,000 passengers per day. This expected capacity may be maxed out to 960,000 per day. The 20.1 kilometre distance is covered in under 30 minutes. Within its first month of operations, 82,000 passengers used the line daily.

Phase 2

Phase 2 was initially planned to extend Bundaran HI to Kampung Bandan in North Jakarta. However, land acquisition issues hindered the process, prompting the administration to find an alternative location, which will also be designed to house the trains depot.
On 1 January 2019, the president director of MRT Jakarta, William Sabandar said the city administration had decided to make Kota the final station for Phase 2. The extension was then renamed to Phase 2A.
Phase 2A will extend the Red line northwards, from Bundaran HI to Kota and consists of 7 stations over 5.8 kilometres. The extension is planned to be operational by 2025. Phase 2A construction is expected to cost Rp 22.5 trillion.
On 20 February 2019, it was announced that the Red line will be extended further, towards Ancol. The extension was named Phase 2B.
On 17 February 2020, during the signing of contract CP201 for the construction of the first two stations of the Phase 2A extension, the administration announced that Phase 2B will consists of 3 stations and is currently under feasibility studies, with its construction expected to commence in mid-2022.

Yellow line (East–West corridor)

A second line is planned to run east-west, from Cikarang to Balaraja via Central Jakarta. It is envisioned to be 87 kilometres long.
Just like the Red line, the Yellow line will also be built in phases. The Yellow line is planned to interchange with the Red line at Thamrin Station.

Phase 3

Phase 3 will be 31.7 kilometres long and stretches from Kalideres in West Jakarta to Ujung Menteng in East Jakarta. It is currently under architectural design studies and construction is initially expected to begin in 2020. On 4 February 2020 however, the Minister of Transport, Budi Karya Sumadi mentioned that construction will only begin in 2022 and targets for completion in 2026.

Fares and ticketing

The charged fare for a trip on the MRT starts at Rp 3,000, increasing by Rp 1,000 for every station passed. A trip spanning the entire existing line in 2019 would cost a passenger Rp 14,000.
A refundable Rp 15,000 deposit is required to purchase a single journey ticket, in addition to fares required for the journey.
The Jakarta MRT employs a cashless fare payment system. A dedicated contactless smart card known as the 'Jelajah' can be purchased from the ticketing machines or ticket offices located at every station. Other accepted forms of payment include electronic prepaid cards such as the JakLingko, E-Money, Brizzi, Tap Cash, Flazz and JakCard.
Passengers are required to tap their cards at the ticket gates when entering and exiting the paid area of the stations.

Safety and security

Half-height Platform Screen Doors are installed at platforms of elevated stations, while full-height Platform Screen Doors are used at platforms of the underground stations.
Trains and stations are equipped with CCTVs, which are monitored from the control room. Medical rooms are also available at every station to provide first-aid to passengers and workers, if necessary. Security officers are regularly stationed at station entrances and platforms.

Rolling stock

Contract CP 108 for the procurement of rolling stock for the Jakarta MRT was awarded to a consortium led by Sumitomo Corporation, on 3 March 2015. 16 six-cars trainsets were ordered at a cost of ¥10.8 billion. The trains were built in Nippon Sharyo's Toyokawa, Aichi plant.
Each car measures in length, in width and in height. These trains utilizes CBTC signaling system and are equipped with Automatic Train Operation GoA 2, with drivers operating the doors and driving in case of emergency. Like the KRL Commuterline, the MRT trains are also powered via overhead catenary.
On 10 January 2018, the Governor of Jakarta, Anies Baswedan gave first batch of MRT Jakarta trainsets the name "Ratangga". The name was derived from the old Javanese word for chariots. It offers a women-only carriage during morning peak hours from 7AM to 9AM and in the afternoon from 5PM to 7PM.

PT Mass Rapid Transit Jakarta

PT MRT Jakarta is a joint-stock company founded by the Government of Jakarta Province. Its establishment was approved by the provincial parliament on 10 June 2008 and the company was officially incorporated on 17 June 2008. Its purpose is to operate the Jakarta MRT system. 99% of the shares are owned by the Government of Jakarta and 1% by Perumda Pasar Jaya.