James A. Doonan
James Aloysius Doonan was an American Catholic priest and a Jesuit. He served as the president of Georgetown University from 1882 to 1888, during which time he oversaw the completion and naming of Gaston Hall and construction of a new building for the School of Medicine; he also acquired the two cannons in front of Healy Hall. He was a financially successful president as well, having reduced the university's burdensome debt that had accrued during the construction of Healy Hall. He spent his later years teaching and ministering at Boston College and Saint Joseph's College in Philadelphia, as well as at St. Francis Xavier College in New York and at the Catholic Summer School of America.
Early life
James Aloysius Doonan was born on November 8, 1841, in Augusta, Georgia. He was the son of Ellen Doonan and Terrence Doonan, an engineer and wealthy railroad official and one of the first Catholics in Atlanta; Terrence was entrusted by the local priest with keeping the parish records until a pastor was appointed, and in his home, the first Catholic baptism in Atlanta was performed.Doonan enrolled at Georgetown University in Washington, D.C., in 1853, and then entered the Jesuit novitiate at Frederick, Maryland, in July 1857. Doonan's brother, John, also became a Jesuit priest. After four years, he completed his classical course of study, during which he was the captain of the student cadet regiment. He then went to teach at Loyola College in Baltimore in 1861, where he remained for three years, during the Civil War. James Doonan was said to frequently recount a story of the time he was present at a High Mass in Baltimore, when word of the approaching Union Army caused the congregants to leave and take up arms. As a staunch supporter of the Confederacy, he was aggrieved at being forced by the Union Army to bear arms on their behalf and act as a sentinel for several hours.
In 1864, he was sent to Boston College to teach for three years, after which time he returned to Washington, where he went to Georgetown for his philosophical studies. This was interrupted in 1868 by a year of teaching, and he resumed his philosophical studies at the newly established Woodstock College. Doonan was put in charge of the choir at Woodstock, and was noted for his skills on the violin and for his bass voice. He was ordained a priest in 1874 by James Gibbons, at the time the Bishop of Richmond, and he completed his studies at Woodstock in 1875.
Georgetown University
Doonan was appointed professor of poetry at Georgetown in 1874. In September 1875, he went to Frederick, before returning to Georgetown in 1877 as a professor of rhetoric. During a portion of this time, he also served as vice president of the university and as prefect of studies.Upon Patrick Francis Healy's resignation of the presidency due to his declining health, Doonan became the acting president and vice rector on January 27, 1882. On August 17 he became the president of Georgetown University. In this position, he inherited a large debt, small student enrollment, and no endowment. However, he continued to receive large donations that had been elicited during his predecessor's term of office; coupled with his sale of a villa in Tenleytown and a farm on Hickory Hill owned by the university, he was able to reduce the significant debt of more than $300,000, which had accrued from the construction of Healy Hall. Doonan redoubled the efforts of his predecessor by successfully calling upon the alumni of Georgetown to allay the school's debts; his fundraising efforts were praised by the Jesuit provincial superior, Thomas J. Campbell, and he would eventually leave office with a greatly reduced debt. At the commencement exercises of 1882, he distributed diplomas for the first time under the university's new federal charter.
For several years, Doonan promoted the idea that a celebration of the university's centenary be organized, which culminated in an official celebration in February 1889. In anticipation of the occasion, Doonan purchased in 1885 two cannons from St. Inigoes, Maryland, for $50. It was believed that they were brought to America aboard the Ark, which along with the Dove brought the first settlers to the Province of Maryland; instead, they had been a part of Lord Baltimore's expedition to St. Mary's County in 1634. Doonan had them placed in front of Healy Hall on November 1, 1888. He also proposed that Healy Hall's main auditorium, which remained unfinished, be completed and named Gaston Memorial Hall after the school's first student, William Gaston.
During Doonan's presidency, a new building was constructed for the School of Medicine, which was designed by Paul J. Pelz and erected on the corner of 10th and E Streets in the summer of 1886. In the following year, the Catholic University of America was established in Washington, leading to considerable tension between its founders and the Jesuits at Georgetown. Bishop John J. Keane, Catholic University's first rector, attempted to resolve this dispute by unsuccessfully offering to purchase Georgetown University, tendering this proposal to Doonan.
His presidency came to an end in mid-August 1888, when he was sent by the Jesuit provincial superior to New York, and was succeeded by Joseph Havens Richards.
Later teaching
In New York, Doonan was appointed professor of philosophy at St. Francis Xavier College for one year, and spent another year in Detroit, Michigan. In 1891, he was sent to Boston College, followed by a time at Saint Joseph's College in Philadelphia, where he remained until 1896. For at least part of his time at Saint Joseph's, he served as the university's chaplain. He also lectured several times at the Catholic Summer School of America, in such subjects as psychology and education. At this time, Doonan's active ministry came to an end due to his failing eyesight. Fearing that he would become totally blind, he completed a pilgrimage to the Grotto of Our Lady of Lourdes in France; he never did lose his sight completely.Doonan then returned to Philadelphia, where he suffered a stroke, causing partial paralysis. Nonetheless, he led the annual retreat for the priests of the Diocese of Rochester at Saint Bernard's Seminary in 1897. In 1902, he was appointed the spiritual director of the Jesuit community at St. Joseph's College and the Church of the Gesú in Philadelphia, succeeding Burchard Villiger. In 1906, he returned to Georgetown, where he lived out the remainder of his life. Despite his impaired condition, he continued to say mass daily until one week before his death on April 12, 1911. Doonan was buried in the Jesuit Community Cemetery at Georgetown University.