Polanco was born in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, on January 18, 1958. As a child, she began making clothing and costumes for her Barbie dolls. Polanco would later design clothing for herself during college. She earned her degree in interior design from Universidad Nacional Pedro Henríquez Ureña in Santo Domingo. Polanco then attended Parsons School of Design in New York City, where she studied patternmaking, draping, and tailoring methods, all of which would be incorporated into her professional collections. Additionally, Polanco was also active in the creative arts, including choreography and painting, though fashion remained the major focus of her work. Jenny Polanco's professional career in fashion and the creative arts spanned more than 37 years. She described her own style as "a fluid dialogue between classic avant-garde style and the Caribbean." She often incorporated design elements common in the Dominican Republic and surrounding region into her work, including detailing made from coral, horn, nacre, and larimar, a blue pectolite found only in the Dominican Republic. Polanco was also known for utilizing signature colors, especially amber and white, into her fashions. She used Caribbean amber, found in her country, to craft buttons and jewelry. Her most recent 2020 spring collection featured both pastel and bright colors, as well as floral designs. Polanco owned several boutiques in the Dominican Republic. She also aided the arts and emerging designers in her country by opening an arts and crafts store called Project. On March 4, 2020, Polanco returned to the Dominican Republic following a trip to Madrid. She developed coronavirus symptoms five days after returning from Spain and was soon quarantined after testing positive for COVID-19. Polanco was admitted to a Santo Domingo hospital on March 18, 2020, after experiencing breathing difficulties. Jenny Polanco died from complications of COVID-19 at the hospital in Santo Domingo on March 24, 2020, at the age of 62. Polanco was the first public figure to die from the pandemic in the Dominican Republic, as well as the country's sixth COVID-19 victim at the time. Her death was announced by the Dominican Minister of Public Health, Rafael Sánchez Cárdenas.
