Birds of South Asia: The Ripley Guide
Birds of South Asia: The Ripley Guide by Pamela C. Rasmussen and John C. Anderton is a two-volume ornithological handbook, covering the birds of South Asia, published in 2005 by the Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions. The geographical scope of the book covers India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan, Maldives, the Chagos archipelago and Afghanistan. In total, 1508 species are covered. Two notable aspects of Birds of South Asia are its distribution evidence-base — the book's authors based their distributional information almost completely on museum specimens — and its taxonomic approach, involving a large number of species-level splits.
The books
Volume 1 is a field guide. A nine-page introduction is followed by 180 colour plates, each with an accompanying text page giving brief identification notes, and, for most species, range maps. In addition to the 69 plates by Anderton, eleven other artists contributed, including Ian Lewington and Bill Zetterström. Volume 2: Attributes and Status contains more detailed supporting texts for every species. Twelve other authors are listed as having contributed to this volume, including Per Alström, Nigel Collar and Craig Robson. This volume opens with an appreciation, written by Bruce Beehler, of S. Dillon Ripley, who initiated the work which led to the book, and after whom it is named. This is followed by a 24-page introduction. The bulk of the book, from pages 41 to 601, consists of individual species accounts; each of these includes sections on identification, occurrence, habits and voice. There are ten appendices, including a hypothetical list, a list of rejected species, a summary of taxonomic changes, a glossary, a gazetteer, and a list of institutions holding major collections of South Asian bird specimens.The book's covers are illustrated by montages of South Asian birds, painted by Anderton. Volume 1 features crimson-backed flameback, stork-billed kingfisher, Indian eagle-owl, black-and-orange flycatcher and Himalayan quail on its front cover. Volume 2 features six laughingthrush species: variegated, Bhutan, grey-sided, blue-winged, black-chinned and Assam. The back covers of both volumes feature a painting of Serendib and Nicobar scops-owls.
Taxonomic changes
In preparing the book, the authors undertook a major revision of the taxonomic status of bird forms found in the region; many allopatric forms previously regarded as conspecific are treated by Rasmussen and Anderton as full species. Many of these had previously been proposed elsewhere, but the book introduced a number of innovations of its own. The majority of these changes, and the overwhelming majority of the novel ones, are among the passerines. The following is a list of the groups of taxa which are considered conspecific in the sixth edition of the Clements Checklist, but split into two or more species in Rasmussen and Anderton's work.Non-passerines
- Oriental darter is treated as a monotypic Asian species, separate from African and Australasian darters.
- Cattle egret is split into two species: western cattle egret and eastern cattle egret
- Black-backed bittern is split from little bittern
- Whistling and Bewick's swans are regarded as separate species
- Spot-billed duck is split into two species, Indian spot-billed duck and Chinese spot-billed duck
- Common buzzard is split into two or three species: common buzzard, Himalayan buzzard and Japanese buzzard
- Changeable and crested hawk-eagles are treated as separate species
- Eastern water rail is split from water rail
- Kentish and snowy plovers are treated as separate species
- Indian stone-curlew is split from Eurasian stone-curlew
- Emerald dove is split into two species: emerald dove and an Australasian species C. longirostris
- Pompadour green-pigeon is split into four to six species: Ceylon green-pigeon T. pompadora sensu stricto, grey-fronted green-pigeon T. affinis, ashy-headed green-pigeon T. phayrei, Andaman green-pigeon T. chloropterus from South Asia, and possible fifth and sixth species, T. axillaris and T. aromaticus from The Philippines and Buru in the Moluccas respectively.
- Nicobar imperial-pigeon is split from green imperial-pigeon
- Andaman barn-owl is split from barn owl
- Ceylon bay-owl is split from Oriental bay-owl
- Himalayan wood-owl is split from tawny owl
- Hume's hawk-owl is split from brown hawk-owl
- Crimson-fronted barbet is split into two species, Malabar barbet and Ceylon small barbet
- Crimson-backed flameback is split from greater flameback
Passerines
- Grey-throated sand-martin is split from brown-throated sand-martin
- Pale crag-martin is split from rock martin
- Hill swallow is split from Pacific swallow
- Ceylon swallow is split from red-rumped swallow
- Andaman cuckooshrike is split from bar-bellied cuckooshrike
- Jerdon's minivet Pericrocotus albifrons is split from white-bellied minivet
- Orange minivet and scarlet minivet are regarded as separate species
- Malabar woodshrike is split from large woodshrike
- Ceylon woodshrike is split from common woodshrike
- Andaman bulbul is split from black-headed bulbul
- Black-crested bulbul is split into five species: black-crested bulbul sensu stricto, black-capped bulbul, flame-throated bulbul, ruby-throated bulbul and Bornean bulbul
- Square-tailed black bulbul is split from black bulbul
- Jerdon's leafbird is split from blue-winged leafbird
- Isabelline shrike is split into two species, Daurian shrike and Turkestan shrike
- White's thrush, Nilgiri thrush and Ceylon scaly thrush are split from scaly thrush
- Common blackbird is split into three or four species: common blackbird sensu stricto, Tibetan blackbird, Indian blackbird and Chinese blackbird
- Red-throated thrush and black-throated thrush are treated as separate species
- Nicobar jungle-flycatcher is split from brown-chested jungle-flycatcher
- Large blue flycatcher is split from hill blue flycatcher
- Himalayan red-flanked bush-robin is split from red-flanked bluetail
- Andaman shama is split from white-rumped shama
- White-bellied blue robin is split from Nilgiri blue robin
- Red-tailed wheatear Oenanthe chrysopygia is split from rufous-tailed wheatear
- Bhutan laughingthrush is split from streaked laughingthrush
- Assam laughingthrush is split from red-headed laughingthrush
- Long-billed wren-babbler is regarded as a monotypic species, separate from the two southeast Asian taxa R. albostriatus and R. pasquieri
- Long-tailed wren-babbler is split into three species, grey-bellied wren-babbler, Chin Hills wren-babbler and Naga wren-babbler
- Cachar wedge-billed babbler is split from wedge-billed babbler
- Afghan babbler is split from common babbler
- Indian white-hooded babbler is split from white-hooded babbler
- Manipur fulvetta is split from streak-throated fulvetta,
- Hill prinia is split from black-throated prinia
- Hume's bush-warbler is split from yellowish-bellied bush-warbler
- Baikal bush-warbler is split from spotted bush-warbler
- Green warbler and two-barred warbler are both split from greenish warbler
- Indian yellow tit is split from black-lored yellow tit
- Chestnut-bellied nuthatch is split into two or three species: chestnut-bellied nuthatch sensu stricto, Indian nuthatch and a possible third species in south-east Asia S. neglecta
- Przewalsky's nuthatch is split from white-cheeked nuthatch
- Plain flowerpecker, split into three species: Andaman flowerpecker D. virescens, plain flowerpecker sensu stricto and Nilgiri flowerpecker
- Van Hasselt's sunbird is split from purple-throated sunbird
- House bunting and striolated bunting are regarded as separate species
- Sharpe's rosefinch is split from spot-winged rosefinch
- Blyth's rosefinch is split from red-mantled rosefinch
- Spotted great rosefinch is split from Caucasian great rosefinch
- Malabar white-headed starling is split from grey-headed starling
- Indian golden oriole is split from European golden oriole
- Ceylon crested drongo is split from greater racket-tailed drongo
- Larger-spotted nutcracker is split from spotted nutcracker
New South Asian endemic birds