Lendering's biography of Alexander the Great attempted to make greater use than earlier scholars of Persian and Babylonian sources. For example, he argued from Babylonian astronomical diaries that Darius III of Persia was deserted by his troops when he faced Alexander at the Battle of Gaugamela, rather than personally leading the retreat as reported by Greek sources. His work, "Alexander de Grote. De ondergang van het Perzische rijk" was described by Bryn MawrClassical Review contributor Jan P. Stronk from the University of Amsterdam, as "clear and compelling" and "manifestly written for the general public"-and although not sharing Lendering's love for psychological profiles, Lendering's work may be regarded as an incentive for serious scholars looking to expand their knowledge of new sources of ancient history. In a passage cited by one commentator as characteristic of recent unsympathetic interpretations of Alexander, Lendering argued that Alexander's respectful treatment of Darius' family was not just an act of chivalry but also a claim to be the "new king". Quality Non-Fiction from Holland called Alexander de Grote "fascinating" and highlighted Lendering's attention to non-Western evidence. However, ancient historian Jan P. Stronk thought it clear from Lendering's book that these sources could at best illuminate specific details of Alexander's life. Lendering's interest in using western sources in combination with eastern sources can also be discerned in his book on ancient Rome, in which he quoted hitherto neglected Talmudic sources, and especially in his book on the legacy of Babylon and the world of Islam to Medieval Europe, Vergeten erfenis. In the Bryn Mawr Classical Review, Lendering's review of Kaveh FarrokhShadows in the Desert: Ancient Persia at War was criticized as being "marred by a series of overt inaccuracies, misconceptions and mistakeswith respect to the domain of ancient Iranian studies." Lendering was also described by the authors of the response as displaying "a consistent pattern of ignoring seminal works, journal publications, and research that contradict his points of view." In 2010, Lendering and Arjen Bosman published "De rand van het Rijk: de Romeinen en de Lage Landen."
Livius.org
Since 1996, Lendering has maintained Livius, a website containing numerous articles on ancient history. The site is divided into sections on specific regions – Anatolia, Persia, Greece, etc. – and an individual selection of topics is treated for each of these. The Mesopotamian section contains the recently discovered Babylonian Chronicles of the Hellenistic Period.
Livius Onderwijs
Livius Onderwijs is an association of teachers interested in ancient Mediterranean societies. The association is based in Amsterdam and among other services offers a series of lectures there and elsewhere. It was founded in 2005 by Lendering and Marco Prins.
Awards
After the publication of Lendering's Spijkers op laag water, a book highly critical about the shortcomings of modern classicists, archaeologists, and historians, the research school of Dutch classicists and historians awarded him their annual "Oikos publieksprijs", recognizing Lendering's contributions to explaining Antiquity to a larger audience. In 2011, he received the Nederlands Klassiek Verbond award for his book De rand van het rijk. In 2016 he was awarded the Theodor Award "for his publications on the importance of the classical heritage and for his relentless struggle against the impoverishment of our culture".
Selected works
Bedrieglijk echt. Oude papyri, moderne controverses, Utrecht: Omniboek,
Xerxes in Griekenland. De mythische oorlog tussen Oost en West, Utrecht: Omniboek,
Wahibre-em-achet en andere Grieken. Landverhuizers in de Oudheid, Utrecht: Omniboek,
Het visioen van Constantijn, with Vincent Hunink, Utrecht: Omniboek,
De Rand van het Rijk. De Romeinen en de Lage Landen ;
Spijkers op laag water. Vijftig misverstanden over de Oudheid ;
Vergeten erfenis. Oosterse wortels van de westerse cultuur ;
Oorlogsmist. Veldslagen en propaganda in de Oudheid ;
Polderdenken. De wortels van de Nederlandse overlegcultuur ;
Alexander de Grote. De ondergang van het Perzische rijk, ;
Stad in marmer. Gids voor het antieke Rome aan de hand van tijdgenoten ;
Archeologie van de futurologie ;
De randen van de aarde. De Romeinen tussen Schelde en Eems ;
Een interim-manager in het Romeinse Rijk. Plinius in Bithynië
Lendering is a regular contributor to Ancient Warfare; his books have been translated into Turkish.