Josip Vidmar


Josip Vidmar was a notable Slovenian literary critic, essayist, and politician. From 1944 to 1946 he was President of the Slovenian Parliament. From 1952 to 1976 was President of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, and from 1950 to 1964 he was the head of the Research Centre of the Academy.

Life

He was born in Ljubljana, in a progressive middle-class family. Josip had an older brother, Milan Vidmar, a notable engineer, chess player and writer. Their sister Meta Vidmar studied with the famous Mary Wigman in Dresden and upon returning to Ljubljana in 1930 established the first school of modern dance in Slovenia.

Anti-yugoslavization writings

At the time when in the ex-Austrian Littoral, that has been given by Great Britain to Italy, a great part of Slovenes were subjected to violent Fascist Italianization, Vidmar was also against the Serbian attempts of Yugoslavization of Slovenes living in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. He rose to prominence with his critical essays on literature and politics, including his 1933 essay The Cultural Problem of Slovene Identity.

Anti-fascist resistance

During the Italian occupation of Slovene territory, the Anti-Imperialist Front was established at Vidmar's house in Rožna Dolina, Ljubljana on 26 April 1941. A memorial now stands in front of the house. Vidmar served as the formal chairman of the organization until the end of the war.

Communist period

He was president of the Yugoslav Federal Chamber of Peoples. He was close friend to Croatian writer Miroslav Krleža. He was very influential in Slovenia from the mid-1950s to the mid-1970s in the cultural policies of the Titoist regime.
He died in Ljubljana.

Work

Translations

He translated works from Russian, French, Italian, German, Czech, Croatian and Serbian to Slovenе, mostly plays; works of dramatists: Aleksey Arbuzov, Gogol, Griboyedov, Krleža, Molière, Nušić, Pushkin, Aleksey Tolstoy and other authors.

Essay books