Karl Frederick, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg


Karl Frederick of Anhalt-Bernburg was a German prince of the House of Ascania and ruler of the principality of Anhalt-Bernburg.
He was born in Bernburg, the eldest son of Victor Amadeus, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg, by his wife Elizabeth of Palatinate-Zweibrücken, daughter of Frederick, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken.

Life

After the death of his father in 1718, the fifty-year-old Karl Frederick inherited Anhalt-Bernburg. His reign, which lasted only two years until his death, was unremarkable.

Marriages and Issue

In Bernburg on 25 June 1692 Karl Frederick married his cousin Sophie Albertine, daughter of George Frederick, Count of Solms-Sonnenwalde, by his wife Anna Sophia of Anhalt-Bernburg. They had six children:
  1. Elisabeth Albertine, married on 2 October 1712 to Günther XLIII, Prince of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen.
  2. Frederick William.
  3. Charlotte Sophie, married on 19 July 1721 to Augustus I Günther, Prince of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen-Ebeleben.
  4. Auguste Wilhelmine.
  5. Victor Frederick, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg.
  6. Frederica Henriette, married on 11 December 1721 to Leopold, Prince of Anhalt-Köthen.
From 1711 Karl Frederick began to live with Wilhelmine Charlotte Nüssler, the daughter of a non-noble chancery counselor. They had two sons:
  1. Frederick . Born illegitimate, he was legitimized after the wedding of their parents.
  2. Karl Leopold .
Karl Frederick and Wilhelmine Charlotte married secretly in Bernburg on 1 May 1715 and Karl Frederick immediately tried to have his wife raised to the rank of countess by the Emperor. When Prince Victor Amadeus learned of his son's actions, he wrote to the Emperor on 15 November 1715 to prevent the elevation, and added a codicil to his testament dated 13 July 1716 denying the children of the union any succession rights. The Emperor approved this codicil one year later, on 15 July 1717.
The Emperor also sent a rescript to Karl Frederick dated 20 August 1717 instructing him not to call his wife princess or their sons princes. Nevertheless, after his father died in 1718, Karl Frederick obtained from the Emperor a patent to elevate his wife to the title Countess of Ballenstedt on 19 December 1719, and their two sons to the rank of Imperial Counts of Bährnfeld on 12 June 1723; this, however, without prejudice of the rights of the agnates. Karl Frederick died in Ballenstedt, and in 1722, the Reichshofrat forbade his widow to use the princely title for herself or her sons.
However, on 16 November 1742, the Emperor Charles VII raised the Counts of Bährenfeld to the rank of Princes of Anhalt-Bernburg with all rights of succession. Victor I, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym, protested, but the Emperor died in 1745. The Prince brought up the matter to the College of Electors gathered in 1745, but they declined to take up the matter in the electoral capitulation. He then brought the matter to the Reichshofrat, which ruled on 6 May 1748 by repealing the diploma of 1742 and forbidding the Counts of Bährenfeld from calling themselves Princes of Bernburg or Princes of Anhalt-Bernburg, and allowing them only to call themselves Princes of Bährenfeld. They died unmarried.