Kathleen Collins was an African-American poet, playwright, writer, filmmaker, director, civil rights activist, and educator from Jersey City, New Jersey. Her two feature narratives—The Cruz Brothers and Miss Malloy and Losing Ground —furthered the range of Black women's films. Although Losing Ground was denied large-scale exhibition, it was among the first films created by a Black woman deliberately designed to tell a story intended for popular consumption, with a feature-length narrative structure. Collins thus paved the way for Julie Dash'sDaughters of the Dust to become the first feature-length narrative film created by a Black woman to be placed in commercial distribution. Influenced by Lorraine Hansberry, she wrote about "African Americans as human subjects and not as mere race subjects" .
Background
Born to Loretta and Frank Conwell and raised in New Jersey, Kathleen, at the age of 15,
won first prize at an annual poetry reading contest at Rutgers Newark College of Arts and Sciences for her rendition of Walt Whitman's 'A Child Goes Forth' and 'I Learned My Lesson Complete'. An article in the March 3, 1958 Jersey Journal reported that in addition to working as assistant editor of the Lincoln High School's publication the Leader, Conwell was on the editorial staff of the school yearbook, the Quill; a member of the National Honors Society; and a past secretary of the Student Council.
Collins joined the faculty of City College at the City University of New York and became a professor of film history and screenwriting, where cinematographer Ronald K Gray encouraged her to go ahead with a screenplay she had adapted from a Henry Rothshort story. That film became The Cruz Brothers and Mrs. Malloy, which eventually won First Prize at the Sinking Creek Film Festival. This was followed in 1982 by Losing Ground, which she wrote and directed. Losing Ground was the first feature-length drama directed by a black American woman and won First Prize at the Figueroa International Film Festival in Portugal, garnering much international acclaim. Both films were shot in Rockland County, New York, and are currently distributed by Milestone Films. Collins wrote many other plays and screenplays, but her two most well-known theatrical plays are In the Midnight Hour and The Brothers, both of which are available through Samuel French. Themes frequently explored in her work are issues of marital malaise, male dominance and impotence, freedom of expression and intellectual pursuit, and her protagonists are cited as "typically self-reflective women who move from a state of subjugation to empowerment."
Posthumous accomplishments
On Collins' abrupt death in 1988, the bulk of her work, most of it unpublished, was left to her daughter, Nina Collins, who in 2006 began to sift through her mother's enormous archive and began working to have it published, restored and reissued. In 2015 A Public Space posthumously published Collins' short story "Interiors", a fictionalized account of her divorce from her first husband. Collins' 1982 Losing Ground was restored and reissued in 2015. The film had its first theatrical release in 2015 at Film Society of Lincoln Center, opening the series "Tell it like it is: Black Independents in New York, 1968-1986". It would later be described in The New Yorker as "the great rediscovery of 2015," and as being "rediscovered and restored to its rightful place in the canon of nineteen-eighties independent film." Losing Ground and The Cruz Brothers and Mrs. Malloy were released together on two-disc sets by Milestone in April 2016. In December 2016, a collection of Collins' short stories was published under HarperCollins'Ecco imprint under the title Whatever Happened to Interracial Love? The title story was published by Granta in July 2016. These acclaimed stories were written in the 1970s and mined some of the same intimate territory of Black women's lives, loves, and losses as Losing Ground. Prior to its release, it was listed as one of the most anticipated books of the fall of 2016 by the Huffington Post, New York, The Boston Globe, Lit Hub, and The Millions. The collection received starred reviews in Kirkus Reviews and Publishers Weekly and was named one of the best books of 2016 by outlets that included Elle, NPR,Nylon, Publishers Weekly, and VICE. In February 2019 Collins' daughter Nina Lorez Collins compiled her mother's short stories, as well as her diary entries, scripts and screenplays into Notes From a Black Woman’s Diary.
