Kentucky Educational Television


Kentucky Educational Television is a state network of PBS member television stations serving the U.S. Commonwealth of Kentucky. It is operated by the Kentucky Authority for Educational Television, an agency of the Kentucky state government which holds the licenses for almost all of the PBS member stations licensed in the state with the exception of WKYU-TV in Bowling Green. KET is the largest PBS state network in the United States; the broadcast signals of its sixteen stations cover almost all of the state, as well as parts of Illinois, Indiana, Missouri, Ohio, Tennessee, Virginia and West Virginia.
The network's offices, network center and primary studio facilities are located at the O. Leonard Press Telecommunications Center on Cooper Drive in Lexington, adjacent to the campus of the University of Kentucky. KET also has production centers in Louisville as well as at the Kentucky State Capitol Annex in Frankfort. KET carries national programming from PBS and American Public Television along with a wide range of local programming, basic skills and workplace education.

History

Creation of the network

KET was founded by O. Leonard Press, a member of the University of Kentucky faculty, who was a pioneer in educational broadcasting. Before coming to the university, Press had developed the weekly broadcast from the National Press Club, which has aired for over half a century. In the mid-1950s, he taped a popular anthropology course, and the response to the telecourses was positive enough for Press and two of his colleagues to consider founding an educational television station at UK. This was a natural choice given UK's history in educational broadcasting. UK had been involved in broadcasting in one form or another since 1921, and operated WBKY, the nation's oldest educational radio station on the FM dial.
This drive failed, but Press and his colleagues decided to set their sights higher and make a bid for a statewide educational television network along the lines of Alabama Educational Television. At the time, the only educational station in Kentucky was WFPK-TV in Louisville, which signed on the air on September 8, 1958. Before KET signed on, the only other areas of Kentucky that received a clear signal from an educational television station were Northern Kentucky, the Jackson Purchase, and certain areas of South Central Kentucky near the Tennessee state line.
The idea gained little momentum until 1959, when Press addressed the local Rotary Club in the state capital of Frankfort and a story about it appeared in The Courier-Journal newspaper. After landing support from UK officials, what was supposed to be a short meeting with Governor Bert T. Combs turned into a proposal to start the state network. The Kentucky Authority for Educational Television was created in 1962 with Press serving as its executive director.
The project made little progress until 1965 when Ashland Oil founder Paul G. Blazer personally acquired the first thirteen transmitter sites and then gifted the sites to the authority. Ownership of the sites led to KET's expanded inclusion in the state budget and eligibility for HEW and Appalachian Regional Commission grants.

First years on air (1968–1989)

KET finally went on the air for the first time on September 23, 1968 at 3 p.m. Eastern Time. The first broadcast started with Governor Louie B. Nunn speaking at the network's dedication ceremony that marked the network's first day on the air. Nunn himself pressed the button to officially put the network on the air. The ten charter stations of the network were flagship station WKLE/Lexington, along with WKAS/Ashland, WKGB-TV/Bowling Green, WKZT-TV/Elizabethtown, WKHA/Hazard, WKMA-TV/Madisonville, WKMR/Morehead, WKON/Owenton, WKPI-TV/Pikeville, and WKSO-TV/Somerset. Over the next 13 years after the network's sign-on, five more full-power stations were added to the network:
Before joining PBS in 1970, KET was a member of its predecessor, National Educational Television, for its first two years of operation, broadcasting some of that network's programs. The first instructional television program produced by KET was Kentucky is My Land, which premiered in 1969. Originally operating only during school hours, within a year it had acquired enough support to begin broadcasting its programming during the evening as well. By 1975, it was showing programming seven days a week. The network began nightly coverage of the Kentucky General Assembly in 1978.
In 1982, KET Enterprises is created as a syndication arm of KET to develop, acquire and distribute educational programs nationally to and from other PBS affiliated networks.

Star Channels and distance learning

From 1988 through the 1990s and early 2000s, KET's Star Channels satellite network brought hundreds of hours of instructional programming and professional development seminars to schools all over Kentucky. The Star Channels received the national Innovations Award from the Ford Foundation in 1991.
KET Star Channels 703 and 704 were eventually converted into satellite-exclusive television channels that were entirely different from the over-the-air KET schedule, similar to those of KET3 and KET4 when they were launched in the early 2000s. Star Channels 703 and 704 were also available to Ku-band free-to-air satellite television users.

Creation of a second service

On May 30, 1997, the Kentucky Authority for Educational Television acquired the license for Louisville's then-standalone WKPC-TV from locally based Fifteen Telecommunications, Inc. The FCC approved the sale three days later, on June 2. KET's statewide schedule moved to WKPC from the network's original station, WKMJ-TV on July 1. WKMJ went silent on that day for an upgrade on its transmitter. Its August 1997 return to the air marked the launch of KET's second service, KET2, which was intentionally made to be tailored to the Louisville metropolitan area.

Kentucky's first digital television station

WKPC-TV's digital signal, WKPC-DT, was the first KET affiliate to broadcast in digital, and Kentucky's first digital television station. On August 19, 1999, that station's digital signal was turned on by then-Kentucky governor Paul E. Patton as part of the opening day festivities of the Kentucky State Fair.

Programming

Current programming

In 1987, KET, along with Detroit, Michigan ABC affiliate WXYZ-TV, produced Learn to Read, an adult educational program that teaches reading skills and it was hosted by entrepreneur and literacy advocate Wally Amos. Amos was also the host of another KET-produced adult literacy program, Another Page.
Prior to 2002, KET went off the air every night at midnight E.T.. The network used to sign off with the playing of "My Old Kentucky Home", which is the official state song of Kentucky. The film featured scenes from all areas of Kentucky, including Fort Boonesborough, the Jefferson Davis Monument, the Lincoln Birthplace, Kentucky Horse Park, and more.

Stations

KET

KET, available to all cable subscribers in Kentucky, broadcasts locally produced cultural and public information programs about the state, programs produced by independent Kentucky filmmakers, prime time programming from PBS, PBS Kids series, and GED, how-to and adult education programs.
As it is one of a few PBS member state networks encompassing two time zones, KET's programming operates on an Eastern Time Zone schedule; in promos, online guides on the network's website and print advertisements, airtimes within the Central Time Zone are identified secondarily, in the manner of the "Eastern/Central" scheduling references used by many national broadcast and cable networks. Most of the KET stations have callsigns beginning with "WK", with the exception of Covington-licensed WCVN-TV.

Coverage areas

Louisville's WKPC and WKMJ are the only KET stations whose transmitters are located outside of Kentucky – both stations' transmitters are located at the Kentuckiana Tower Farm in rural Floyd County, Indiana. Because of its location and signal strength, WKPC and WKMJ cover more of the Indiana side of the Louisville market than the Kentucky side. In addition to the reach of WKPC and WKMJ, several of KET's other stations are viewed in significant portions of Kentucky's neighboring states as well.

Translators

KET also operates three translator stations:
StationCity of licenseChannels
TV / RF		First air dateERPHAATFacility IDTransmitter coordinates
W20CT-DAugusta38
20 		0.8 kW137 m167571
W23DM-DFalmouth52
23 		0.8 kW86 m167570
W28DD-DLouisa25
28 		0.11 kW72 m167569

Former translators

KET also previously utilized analog transmitters that were shut down before the digital TV translation. They were:
StationChannelCity of licenseYears activeSignal repeated
W09AX9Cowan Creek198?-199?WKHA
W10AR10Louisa199?-2009WKMR
W55AJ55Hawesville198?-199?WKOH
W55AL55Tompkinsville199?-2006WKSO-TV
W56AT56Augusta199?-2009WKMR
W56AM56Falmouth199?-2009WKON
W64AV64Hopkinsville1986–2000WKMA-TV
W66AH66Whitesburg198?-199?WKHA
W67AN67Letcher198?-199?WKHA

In Augusta, W20CT-D was launched in October 2007 as the companion for W56AT. W28DD-D was the digital companion for W10AR in Louisa. Falmouth's W23DM-D was the digital companion for W56AM.

KET2

KET2, based on KET's original Louisville station, WKMJ-TV, airs the national PBS schedule, local programming including shows focused on the Louisville area, children's programs, how-to series, documentaries and public affairs programs. Outside of Louisville, KET2 can be seen on several cable systems across Kentucky as well as on KET's digital signals. It is broadcast in standard definition and is available to 62% of Kentucky's cable subscribers. Originally, WKMJ-TV was the KET translator serving the Louisville market alongside of the independent WKPC-TV; it carried the same programs as in the rest of the state.
StationCity of licenseChannels
VC / RF		First air dateCall letters' meaningERPHAATFacility IDTransmitter coordinatesPublic license information
WKMJ-TVLouisville68
38 		Kentucky
Media and
Journalism		61.6 kW218 m34195

KET KY: The Kentucky Channel

KET KY, formerly branded as KET3, which is carried as the third digital subchannel on 15 of the KET stations and on WKMJ-DT2, formerly broadcast all of the state network's educational programming throughout its broadcast day. In January 2008, KET3 was relaunched as KET KY, now broadcasting Kentucky-based issues, heritage, history and culture. The network's educational programming was moved to KET ED in late 2007.
KET KY also broadcasts coverage of the Kentucky General Assembly while it is in session, combining the services previously offered on KET5 and KET6. KET KY presently broadcasts 24 hours a day in standard definition. KET KY also previously broadcast KET HD programming from 8 p.m. to 12 midnight Eastern until Fall 2009.

KET Kids

On December 12, 2016, the fourth subchannel of KET's main satellites were relaunched for the first time since the discontinuation of KET ED, the Educational Channel seven years prior. It was first broadcasting a test pattern. Since January 12, 2017, the DT4 subchannel of all of the KET stations except WKMJ now carries the new 24-hour-a-day PBS Kids channel, with the branding KET Kids. It provides a 24/7 schedule of children's programming. However, both KET and KET2 continue to provide a limited block of PBS Kids programming. It became available to Kentucky's cable providers in March 2017.

KET World

KET World features programs about world history, featuring programming content sourced from the World network; it is currently available only on the third digital subchannel of KET's secondary Louisville station WKMJ-TV.

Discontinued services

KET ED: Education Channel

KET ED, formerly offered KET's digital service during primetime hours and programming from the Annenberg Channel at other times. At one time, this service was carried on the fourth digital subchannel of KET's station. From 2007 to 2009, it was re-branded as KET ED, the Education Channel. During that time, professional development and instructional programming, and Annenberg programming was provided 20 hours per day from 12 midnight to 8 p.m. Eastern time, which was previously on KET3 and on Star Channels 703 and 704. In Louisville, this service was also available 24 hours a day on WKMJ's DT3 digital signal, but has since been discontinued in 2009, due to an increase of fees for the usage of the national PBSHD channel by PBS. Instead, KET reinvested the money to acquire new digital equipment, including upgrades to allow the transmission of locally produced and tape delayed programming in high definition. This increase of PBSHD fees has also led to KET scheduling HD programming themselves, rather than merely carrying the national feed on the KET KY channel.
Beginning in the fall of 2009, KET ED provided a feed of K-12 educational programming on KET KY from 1:00 to 5:00 a.m. Eastern Time. The KET ED programming block on KET KY was ultimately discontinued in the early 2010s, but the KET ED service remains available as an on-demand video service on KET's website.

KET5 and KET6

KET5 and KET6 featured live coverage of the Kentucky House of Representatives and Senate respectively on the services, while the state General Assembly was in session. These channels were discontinued in January 2008, when KET realigned its digital programming. As mentioned above, coverage of the General Assembly, while reduced significantly, is still carried on KET KY. In the state capital of Frankfort, however, both the Kentucky House and Senate are seen when in session on local cable provider Frankfort Plant Board, overlapping the slots of C-SPAN3 and NASA TV.

Cable and satellite availability

In addition to KET's statewide cable television availability, some cable providers along state lines can cover certain areas on both sides of the state lines because of their interstate customer base.
On DirecTV and Dish Network, certain KET stations are also available in the Kentucky-associated media markets in their entireties. WKPD, WKOH, WKPC, WCVN, and WKAS are carried on the respective local feeds in the Paducah/Cape Girardeau, Evansville, Louisville, Cincinnati, and Huntington/Charleston markets. KET2, through WKMJ-TV, is currently available on both satellite providers in the Louisville market only. Currently, in the Bowling Green market, only Dish Network carries the network via WKGB as DirecTV does not provide local channels to that market.

Transmitter map

Digital television

Digital channels

The digital channels of most of KET's stations are multiplexed:
ChannelVideoAspectPSIP Short NameProgramming
xx.1720pKETMain KET programming / PBS
xx.2480iKET2KET2
xx.3480iKET KYKentucky Channel
xx.4480iKETKIDSPBS Kids

WKMJ's digital channel uses a different multiplexed lineup from the other fifteen KET stations:
ChannelVideoAspectPSIP Short NameProgramming
68.1480iKET2Main WKMJ-TV programming / PBS
68.2480iKETKYKentucky Channel
68.3480iKETWRLDWorld

Analog-to-digital conversion

Although the DTV Delay Act extended the mandatory deadline from February 17 to June 12, 2009, KET shut down the analog signals of all 16 Stations on April 16, 2009.
Each stations' post-transition digital allocations are as follows:
KET began broadcasting in high definition from its new high definition production facility in Lexington on October 1, 2009.
On January 29, 2014, the United States Department of Agriculture awarded KET a grant worth $357,700, as part of its Public Television Digital Transition Grant program, to upgrade 20 analog microwave relays for WKSO, WKMR, WKHA and WKPI to digital, in order to provide digital television service to rural areas of Kentucky.

Distance learning

KET, among its many educational programs, runs a Distance Learning program. The program features Latin, Humanities, Physics and German language course offerings and offers leveled courses ranging from introductory to advanced placement classes. It's offered primarily for Kentucky high school students for whom it's offered tuition-free. However, out-of-state schools may enroll students in the course for a small tuition fee.
The aim of the program is to provide a full course in the aforementioned subjects for schools who don't offer a particular class. Often schools seek distance learning as a temporary solution in cases of funding cuts, which lead to dismissal of teachers or discontinuation of the teaching of certain subjects altogether. The program also is popular with parents of home-schooled children.
The program was established in 1989; the direct-to-school model became possible after a substantial expansion of the state network's headquarters and legislative funding to provide a satellite receiver for every school and public library in the state. The course was originally administered and taught via live satellite broadcasts directly into classrooms with two-way keypads for real-time student-teacher interaction. Homework, tests, quizzes and other material were distributed by modem and mail.
Since the mid-1990s, KET's Distance Learning program has migrated from broadcast lessons to instruction via KET's website and multimedia lessons on videotape, CD and DVD.

Funding

In 2017, it was reported that KET receives approximately $3.4 million annually from the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, which amounts to about $0.78 per Kentuckian. Other sources of funding outside of grants include those raised by the Friends of KET, the KET Fund for Excellence and the Commonwealth Fund for KET, as well as their annual Telethons, which typically airs in late February/early March since 1974.

KET slogans

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