Klawdziy Duzh-Dushewski


Klawdziy Stsyapanavich Duzh-Dushewski was a Belarusian architect, diplomat and journalist. He is believed to be the creator of the Flag of Belarus in 1917.
Duzh-Dushewski was born into an impoverished szlachta family. In 1912 he graduated the Vilna non-classical secondary school where he had joined the Belarusian national movement. In 1912–1918 Duzh-Dushewski studied in the Saint Petersburg Mining Institute. Being in St. Petersburg, he also took part in Belarusian social life. For instance, he was editor of the Belarusian magazine Ranica.
In 1917 he joined the Belarusian Socialist Assembly. In 1918 he worked at the Refugee Assistance Department of the Belarusian National Committee in St. Petersburg. At that time, according to his own memories, he created the draft of the white-red-white Flag of Belarus that was very quickly adopted by the Belarusian national movement throughout the European part of the former Russian Empire and later adopted as the state flag of the Belarusian Democratic Republic.
In 1919 Duzh-Dushewski moved to Vilna. In autumn 1919 he was appointed diplomatic representative of the Belarusian Democratic Republic in the Baltic states. In early 1921 Duzh-Dushewski was arrested by Polish authorities.
After that he emigrated to the Lithuania and settled in Kaunas. In the 1920s–1930s he worked for several ministries there. In 1927 he graduated from the University of Lithuania in Kaunas. Duzh-Dushewski also edited several Belarusian newspapers in Lithuania.
In 1940 Duzh-Dushewski was arrested by the Soviets who had occupied Lithuania. In August 1943 he was arrested by the Nazis for hiding Jews. He was put into the Pravieniškės death camp.
In 1944–1946 Klawdziy Duzh-Dushewski worked at the Kaunas University.
In 1952 Duzh-Dushewski was arrested and sentenced to 25 years of concentration camps for being an "active Belarusian nationalist". He was freed in 1955 and has worked for an architectural institute.