Kotlin-class destroyer
Kotlin-class destroyers were Cold War era ships built for the Soviet Navy. The Russian name for this class was Project 56 Spokoinyy. 27 ships were built between 1955 and 1958; they were all decommissioned in the late 1980s. The is based on the design of the Kotlins. The Chinese Luda class which is based on the Soviet, also borrows some design concepts from the Kotlin class.
Design
This design was a smaller version of the Neustrashimy-class destroyer which was seen as being too large and expensive for economic series production, as well as too slow. Detailed design changes eliminated some of the problems seen during trials of Neustrashimy. A production run of 100 ships was planned but this was curtailed because of the advent of the guided missile. 32 were ordered, but four ships were completed as the Kildin class. The last vessel was canceled.11 ships were modified for enhanced ASW capabilities by adding rocket depth charge launchers.
In 1962, the Soviet Navy installed the navalized version of the S-125 Neva, the SA-N-1 'Goa', to a surface-to-air missile Kotlin-class destroyer, Bravyi for testing. The system used the 4K90 missile that could engage targets at distances from and altitudes of. Fire control and guidance was provided by 4R90 Yatagan radar. The system could track only one target at a time. The missiles were loaded on the dual-arm ZIF-101 launcher, with under-deck magazine storage for 16 more.
The Soviet Navy would eventually retrofit seven Kotlin-class ships to carry SAMs; these ships were known to NATO as the Kotlin SAM class. One more was modified and sold to Poland. Later versions of the SAM system, such as the Volna-M, the Volna-P, and Volna-N provided greater missile range and capability.
Ships
| Ship | Russian | Builder | Launched | Commissioned | Modernisation | Decommissioned |
| Spokoinyy | Спокойный - "Peaceful" | Zhdanov, Leningrad | 28 November 1953 | 27 June 1956 | none | 19 April 1990 |
| Svetlyy | Светлый - "Bright" | Zhdanov, Leningrad | 27 October 1953 | 17 September 1955 | none | 25 April 1989 |
| Speshnyy | Спешный - "Rapid" | Zhdanov, Leningrad | none | 25 April 1989 | ||
| Skromnyy | Скромный - "Modest" | Zhdanov, Leningrad | SAM | 25 April 1989 | ||
| Svedushchiy | Сведущий - "Knowledgeable" | Zhdanov, Leningrad | SAM | |||
| Smyshlenyy | Смышленый - "Sharp " | Zhdanov, Leningrad | ASW | |||
| Skrytnyy | Скрытный - "Secretive" | Zhdanov, Leningrad | none | |||
| Soznatelnyy | Сознательный - "Aware" | Zhdanov, Leningrad | SAM | |||
| Spravedlivyy | Справедливый - "Just" | Zhdanov, Leningrad | SAM | Transferred to the Polish navy as in 1970 | ||
| Nesokrushimyy | Несокрушимый - "Indestructible" | Zhdanov, Leningrad | SAM | |||
| Nakhodchivyy | Находчивый - "Resourceful" | Zhdanov, Leningrad | SAM | |||
| Nastoychivyy | Настойчивый - "Persistent" | Zhdanov, Leningrad | SAM | |||
| Byvalvyy | Бывалый - "Experienced" | Nikolayev | ASW | |||
| Bravyy | Бравый - "Brave" | Nikolayev | SAM | |||
| Besslednyy | Бесследный - "Untraceable" | Nikolayev | ASW | |||
| Burlivyy | Бурливый - "Turbulent" or "Tempestuous" | Nikolayev | ASW | |||
| Blagorodnyy | Благородный - "Noble" | Nikolayev | ASW | |||
| Blestyashchyy | Блестящий - "Brilliant" | Nikolayev | ASW | |||
| Plammeny | Пламенный - "Fiery" or "Ardent" | Nikolayev | ASW | |||
| Naporystyy | Напористый - "Forceful" | Nikolayev | ASW | |||
| Vyzyvayushchiy | Вызывающий - "Challenging" | Komsomolsk-na-Amure | ASW | |||
| Veskiy | Веский - "Convincing" | Komsomolsk-na-Amure | none | |||
| Vdokhnovenyy | Вдохновенный - "Inspiring" | Komsomolsk-na-Amure | ASW | |||
| Vozmuschenyy | Возмущенный - "Indignant" | Komsomolsk-na-Amure | ASW | |||
| Vozbuzhdenyy | Возбужденный - "Excited" | Komsomolsk-na-Amure | SAM | |||
| Vliyatelnyy | Влиятельный - "Influential" | Komsomolsk-na-Amure | none | 17 July 1988 | ||
| Vyderzhannyy | Выдержанный - "Consistent" | Komsomolsk-na-Amure | 24 June 1957 | 10 December 1957 | none | 24 April 1992 |
- Bravyy - was the Kotlin SAM prototype