Krenak languages

Languages

Loukotka (1968)

Mason (1950)

• Araná
• Crecmun
• Chonvugn
• Gueren
• Gutucrac: Minya-yirugn
• Nachehe

• Varieties

• Krekmun / Kraik-mús - extinct dialect once spoken on the right shore of the Jequitinhonha River, Minas Gerais.
• Crenaque / Krenak - once spoken on the left bank of the Doce River.
• Pejaurún / Cajaurun - once spoken on the Doce River.
• Naknanuk / Nakyananiuk - spoken between the Jequitinhonha River, Mucuri River, and São Mateus River.
• Hereːkere - once spoken on the Jequitinhonha River.
• Jirun - once spoken on the Jequitinhonha River.
• Imató - once spoken on the Doce River.
• :pt:Jiporoques|Xiporoc / Djiporoca - formerly spoken on the São Mateus River near Pepinuque.
• Bacuen / Bocué - once spoken on the Mucuri River near Imburana.
• Poruntun - once spoken on the São Mateus River.
• Nak-ñapma - formerly spoken between the Mutum River and Pancas River.
• Nacrehé - spoken at the sources of the Manhuaçu River.
• Miñan-yirugn - originally spoken between the Doce River and São Mateus River, now only by a few individuals in Posto Pancas, state of Espirito Santo.
• Urufu - once spoken to the east of the Bacuen tribe.
• Aranãa - spoken by a few individuals on the Aranãa River, state of Minas Gerais.
• Mutun - once spoken in the Mutum River valley, Espirito Santo.
• Maconcuji - once spoken near Santa Clara do Mucuri, Bahia.
• Bavan - extinct dialect once spoken on the Mucuri River near the city of Teófilo Otoni.
• Catarana - once spoken in the vicinity of the city of Araçuaí
• Imburú - once spoken on the Doce River and Jequitinhonha River.
• Xópxóp - once spoken on the Doce River near Resplendor.
• Arari / Ariari - once spoken between the Araçuaí River and Jequitinhonha River.
• Norek - formerly spoken near Teófilo Otoni on the Noreth River.
• Poté / Porun - extinct dialect once spoken in the vicinity of Teófilo Otoni near Pote.
• Tambakori - once spoken on the Itambacuri River.
• Pojichá / Pozyichá - extinct dialect formerly spoken on the Todos os Santos River.
• Uti Krag / Nakpie / Guti Krag / Ngùd-Kràg - originally spoken between the Doce River and Pancas River, now by a few individuals in Colatina, state of Espirito Santo.
• Etwet - once spoken at the sources of the Manhuaçu River.
• Nakporuk - once spoken on the right bank of the Guandu River.
• Nepnep - once spoken between the Mucuri River and São Mateus River.
• Pampam - once spoken on Pampã River.
• Porokun - once spoken on the São Mateus River.
• Mekmek - once spoken on the Lages River.
• Usnus - extinct dialect from the right bank of the Jequitinhonha River.
• Ankwet - spoken in the Serra dos Aimorés, perhaps extinct now.
• Xónvúgn - once spoken between the Mutum River and Aranãa River.
• Gueren / Borun - originally spoken on the Paruhipe River, later near the city of Olivença, Alagoas state; now perhaps extinct.
• Maracá - extinct language once spoken in the Serra do Espinhaço, Bahia state.

  Vocabulary

Footnotes