KuMoHa 12


The KuMoHa 12 was a class of electric multiple unit railroad cars formerly used by the Japanese National Railways. These are EMU power cars of length with a driver's cab at each end, three passenger doors on each side, and lengthwise bench-type passenger seating. The cars themselves were built in the later 1920s and 1930s for JNR's predecessor, the Japanese Government Railways, but the class, originally named MoHa 12, was established on 1 June 1953 by a JNR revision of its rolling stock classification regulations. In June 1959, a new JNR classification revision assigned the code to all cab-equipped power cars, giving the KuMoHa 12 class its present name.
When the MoHa 12 class was formed in 1953, it consisted of 13 cars of the old JGR dual-cab class. Over time, additional cars were added by remodeling related old JGR classes, for an eventual total of 33 cars.

List of cars

The various KuMoHa 12 cars have the following origins: