Kunio Okawara
Kunio Okawara is a mechanical designer in the Japanese anime industry. Okawara was the first in the industry to be specifically credited as a mechanical designer. He designed mecha for the Gundam and Brave Series franchises, as well as those of numerous Super Robot and Real Robot shows.
He was born and currently lives in Inagi, Tokyo, where he works out of a studio in his home.
Biography
Formative years
Okawara attended Tokyo Zokei University as a student in its graphic design department, moving to its textile design department one year later. Following graduation, he had been assigned by his school to a position as a fashion designer at the apparel company Onward Kashiyama Co. Ltd., where he also drew display backgrounds for their specialty store. Through the experience of drawing background art, he was led to take an art position at the animation company Tatsunoko Production; there, he was assigned to design the enemy mecha for Science Ninja Team Gatchaman—soon devoting his time to that brand of design almost exclusively thereafter during Tatsunoko's production of Hurricane Polymar and . This would prompt Nakamura to found the internal Tatsunoko "" with Okawara, where Okawara would receive the first ever recorded industry credit of "mechanical designer." Ultimately, he would go on to design of the title mecha of the show Gowappā 5 Godam, hitting his stride at the company.With Sunrise
Following the first two Time Bokan series in 1978, Okawara would leave Tatsunoko Production as an employee, striking out on his own as an independent contractor for "mechanical design." In addition to handling occasional design contracts from his old employer, he became a fixture at the studio Nippon Sunrise. His first assignment from the studio would be principal mechanical design on the Super Robot show Invincible Steel Man Daitarn 3, directed by Yoshiyuki Tomino. Tomino would soon ask Okawara to continue to work with him on a new robot-oriented television project that he had tentatively named "Gunboy." In a then unheard-of move, Tomino instructed Okawara to design more "realistic," practically-designed title mecha for the series, closer to lines of the Mobile Infantry Powered Suits described in the Robert A. Heinlein novel Starship Troopers, rather than the fanciful iron giants depicted since the airing of Mazinger Z. The result would be Mobile Suit Gundam: a show which would cause a model kit boom in Japan and spark a new interest in mecha design, as well as originate the entire Real Robot genre prevalent among televised anime in the 1980s.Following Mobile Suit Gundam, Okawara would continue to design mecha for later entries in the emerging Gundam franchise as well as many later Real Robot shows emerging from Sunrise. Notable in the 1980s alone were his works on Combat Mecha Xabungle, Fang of the Sun Dougram, Armored Trooper VOTOMS, Galactic Drifter Vifam and Blue Comet SPT Layzner. The late 1980s and early 1990s would soon see him joined by other mechanical designers working on various entries in the Gundam franchise such as Kazumi Fujita, Yutaka Izubuchi, Mamoru Nagano, Mika Akitaka, Makoto Kobayashi and Hajime Katoki, all of whom would provide their own "take" on Okawara's original work. Okawara himself would take note, their designs in turn inspiring him to expand the scope of his own.
In the early 1990s, many of Okawara's designs made an unexpected turn back toward those of classic Super Robots with Brave Exkaiser, the first show in Sunrise's Brave Series funded by Transformers manufacturer Takara. As the series of shows continued, Okawara would go on to design the principal robot for every entry in the Brave Series, culminating in his design of almost every robot seen in The King of Braves GaoGaiGar—the series' final televised entry—as well as the show's OVA sequel, The King of Braves GaoGaiGar FINAL.
In 2004, Okawara's fame as a mecha designer led him to be contracted by the 21st Century Museum of Contemporary Art in Kanazawa to design a type of head-mounted display used in the museum's , created by Mathieu Briand. While describing the exhibit to museum management, Briand had referred to the subtle shape of Gundam's mecha when describing the displays he had intended to use; this in turn had led to the museum bringing Okawara into the project.
Current projects
Today, Okawara continues to design various title mecha in the Gundam franchise, most recently those related to Mobile Suit Gundam Unicorn.History of works
- Science Ninja Team Gatchaman
- Hurricane Polymer
- '
- Gowappā 5 Godam
- Time Bokan
- '
- Yattāman
- Mechander Robo
- Chōgattai Majutsu Robo Ginguiser
- Tobidase! Machine Hiryū
- Gekisō! Ruben Gaizer
- Invincible Steel Man Daitarn 3
- Uchū Majin Daikengō
- Science Ninja Team Gatchaman II
- Mobile Suit Gundam
- Zendaman
- The Ultraman
- Science Ninja Team Gatchaman F
- Invincible Robo Trider G7
- Time Patrol Tai Otasukeman
- Tondemo Senshi Muteking
- Fang of the Sun Dougram
- Yattodetaman
- Saikyō Robo Daiōja
- '
- Kaitei Taisensō
- Combat Mecha Xabungle
- Gyakuten Ippatsu-man
- Armored Trooper Votoms
- Round Vernian Vifam
- Mirai Keisatsu Urashiman
- "Mobile Suit Variations" model kit line
- Panzer World Galient
- Chōriki Robo Galatt
- MS-X manga series
- Blue Comet SPT Layzner
- Mobile Suit Zeta Gundam
- Mobile Suit Gundam ZZ
- Metal Armor Dragonar
- Armor Hunter Mellowlink
- Mashin Eiyuuden Wataru
- Mado King Granzort
- '
- Mobile Suit Gundam F90 model kit series
- :*Principal mechanical design
- Brave Exkaiser
- The Brave Fighter of Sun Fighbird
- Mobile Suit Gundam F91
- '
- The Brave Fighter of Legend Da-Garn
- Hero Senki: Project Olympus
- The Brave Express Might Gaine
- Mobile Suit Victory Gundam
- Shippū! Iron Leaguer
- Brave Police J-Decker
- Mobile Fighter G Gundam
- The Brave of Gold Goldran
- Mobile Suit Gundam Wing
- Brave Command Dagwon
- '
- After War Gundam X
- '
- The King of Braves GaoGaiGar
- Turn A Gundam
- Betterman
- Sunrise Eiyūtan
- The King of Braves GaoGaiGar Final
- '
- Gravion
- Mobile Suit Gundam SEED
- Kikō Busō G-Breaker
- Mobile Suit Gundam SEED X Astray
- Mobile Suit Gundam SEED Destiny
- Super Robot Wars GC
- "SYS*017" exhibit at 21st Century Museum of Contemporary Art, Kanazawa, Ishikawa
- Mobile Suit Zeta Gundam A New Translation: Heirs to the Stars
- Mobile Suit Zeta Gundam A New Translation II: Lovers
- Mobile Suit Zeta Gundam A New Translation III: Love is the Pulse of the Stars
- Kishin Taisen Gigantic Formula
- Mobile Suit Gundam 00
- Mobile Suit Gundam Unicorn
- World of Tanks Blitz
- * Guest mechanical design, O-47