Laing is the name of the dish in most parts of the Philippines, but it is more commonly known as pinangat in the Bicol region where it originated. However, the name can be confused with pinangat na isda, which is a different dish made with fish cooked in a slightly sour broth similar to sinigang. The confusion stems from the original meaning of the verb pangat in the languages of Southern Luzon, which simply means to cook fish or meat in a broth of water and salt. Laing is typical of Bicolanocuisine, which is known for their common use of chilis and coconut milk. Laing is also known as ginataang laing, pinangat na laing, pinangat na gabi and ginat-ang gabi, among other names.
Description
The original laing from the Bicol Region does not use shredded taro leaves, but rather a whole taro leaf. This version is the one most commonly referred to as pinangat. The mixture usually consists of cubed pre-cooked pork, shrimp, or fish flakes with bagoong alamang, crushed labuyo chili, garlic, shallots, ginger, and kakang gata. It is wrapped with the leaf and tied with a coconut leaf midrib or twine. It is then steamed in gata with a knot of tanglad until the leaf pouches are fork tender and the coconut milk is reduced to a thick sauce. For the laing version served in Manila and elsewhere, it is cooked similarly, but with the leaves shredded. It also usually includes chopped leaf stalks. Laing is usually eaten with white rice, but it can also be eaten sandwiched in bread like pandesal or used as a stuffing for other dishes. It is also commonly eaten as a side dish to meat. The taro leaves to be used for laing must be prepared correctly, as they contain amounts of calcium oxalate crystals that can sometimes cause itching and burning sensations in the mouth. They are usually washed and cooked thoroughly to avoid this. Drying can also lessen the amount of crystals.
Variants
Notable variants of laing include:
Inulukan
Inulukan or inulokan is a variant of laing made from the meat of river crabs wrapped in whole taro leaves and cooked in coconut milk spiced with calamansi, black pepper, and lemongrass. It is a specialty of Camalig, Albay. It is also known as pinangat na ugama or pinangat na talangka, from ugama and talangka, other local terms for river crabs.
Linapay
Linapay also known as tinamuk, is a related dish from Aklan in the Western Visayas. It is made from pounded freshwater shrimp mixed with gawud and wrapped with taro leaves and cooked in coconut milk.
Tinumok
Tinumok, tinomok, or tinulmok is another traditional variant from Bicol which uses whole taro leaves wrapped around a mixture of freshwater shrimp, fish flakes, shrimp paste, with minced or gratedcoconut meat, onions, chilis, lemongrass, garlic, and other spices cooked in coconut milk. It differs primarily in its use of coconut meat.
