Lechmere station


Lechmere station is a light rail station in Lechmere Square in East Cambridge, Massachusetts, near the intersection of Cambridge Street and Monsignor O'Brien Highway. An elevated station is under construction nearby as part of the Green Line Extension, replacing for the former surface-level station, which closed on May 24, 2020. The bus terminal at the old station remains open as a transfer point between MBTA bus routes and Lechmere– shuttle buses until the new station opens. The new station will be served by the D Branch and E Branch of the MBTA Green Line upon its planned April 2021 opening.
The Lechmere Viaduct was opened in 1912 with an incline to Lechmere Square, allowing streetcars from Cambridge Street and Bridge Street to reach the Tremont Street subway. In 1922, the Boston Elevated Railway opened a prepayment transfer station at Lechmere, separating the surface streetcars from the tunnel routes. The station was served by various tunnel routes ; the surface streetcars were replaced by buses. Lechmere station had two platforms on opposite sides of a balloon loop, with a small storage yard inside the loop. Lechmere was the northern terminus of the Green Line until it closed for construction of the Green Line Extension project. The replacement station will be elevated on the east side of the O'Brien Highway adjacent to the North Point neighborhood.

History

East Cambridge station

The Boston and Lowell Railroad opened between its namesake cities in 1835. Passenger service initially ran express between the two cities, but local stops were soon added. One of the first was East Cambridge, originally located near the Prison Point Bridge. By 1865, it was moved north to the foot of Third Street, closer to development on Dog Island. The station was popular with employees from Somerville commuting to the factories of East Cambridge; among its more famous users was Benjamin Butler.
In 1926, the Boston and Maine Railroad, which had acquired the B&L in 1887, began work on North Station plus an expansion of its freight yards. The B&M proposed to abandon East Cambridge station in order to realign the ex-B&L into the new station. Although most inner stations were largely replaced by streetcars and automobiles at this time, East Cambridge was still used by both industrial workers and by those headed to the Middlesex County Courthouse, and the proposed closure was locally opposed. The Public Utilities Commission approved the closure of East Cambridge and nearby Prospect Hill in March 1927; one train was rescheduled for ten minutes earlier to accommodate court attendees. The stations closed at some point between then and May 17, when trains were rerouted over the new alignment.

Lechmere station

When the Tremont Street subway fully opened in 1898, surface cars entering the subway from Cambridge Street and Bridge Street in East Cambridge had to cross Craigie's Bridge and proceed on surface streets to the Canal Street incline. The trip from Lechmere Point over the bridge was slow and prone to delays. After five years of construction, the Lechmere Viaduct and Causeway Street Elevated opened on June 1, 1912, providing the streetcar routes from Harvard Square and much of Somerville a direct route into the subway.
The surface lines that fed into the subway had poor schedule reliability. The Boston Elevated Railway wished to convert the subway into a quasi-rapid transit service, with surface lines terminating at transfer stations. A prepayment transfer station was constructed at Lechmere Square for this purpose. The station had a balloon loop with separate boarding and alighting platforms for subway trains, with a small storage yard inside. Surface streetcars would drop off passengers on the inbound side with a cross-platform transfer, then use a second loop to pick up outbound passengers. Lechmere station opened on July 10, 1922.
Initial subway service to Lechmere was a shuttle service to Pleasant Street, which was intended as a temporary terminal until a more suitable western terminal could be found. Service ran with three-car trains every three minutes at peak, and two-car trains every four minutes at other times. The forced transfer was unpopular with some riders who formerly had a one-seat ride to downtown Boston.
On January 2, 1923, some off-peak trips were extended through the Boylston Street Subway to the surface station at ; all-day service began on October 10. Most trips were extended along the Beacon Street line to on December 14, 1929. The Washington Street service was cut back to Kenmore in June 1930 but resumed that September. On February 7, 1931, Commonwealth Avenue and Beacon Street service was extended from Park Street to Lechmere, and the existing shuttle services to Lechmere were replaced with Kenmore–Park Street shuttles.
An improved waiting area for outbound passengers opened in 1924. A Lechmere–Arlington Center bus route was established in 1932; the outbound surface transfer area was paved for use by buses. The route 66 streetcar was the first route to be converted to trackless trolley in 1936. The remaining surface routes out of Lechmere were converted to trackless and later bus over the next three decades. The inbound side surface boarding area was eventually disused; the outbound side was fully converted to a busway and the direction of traffic through it reversed for improved bus operations.

MBTA era

Several years after it was inaugurated in 1959, the Riverside Line was extended to Lechmere at most times. The MBTA took over transit operations in 1964. With the ability to reverse Green Line trains at Park Street, Government Center, North Station, and Lechmere, the MBTA frequently switched which lines ran to which downtown terminals to match passenger demands and other operational needs. On September 10, 1966, the remaining Commonwealth Avenue line service to Lechmere was cut back to Park Street. In 1967, the MBTA redesignated the remaining streetcar operations as the Green Line with branches "A" through "E". The Commonwealth Avenue line became the B branch, the Beacon Street line the C branch, and the Riverside line the D branch. After March 25, 1967, the "C" and "D" branches served Lechmere at all times.
On March 25, 1974, the B branch was extended back to Lechmere and the "D" cut to North Station; for the next decade, the "B", "C", and "D" frequently were switched between Lechmere and other termini. On January 2, 1983, for the first time in the station's history trains from Huntington Avenue began serving Lechmere. On February 11, 1983, the E branch was shut down by snow for several days; a Government Center–Lechmere shuttle ran in its stead, soon joined by some D branch service. From December 28, 1985 to July 25, 1986, additional shuttle service ran between Lechmere and Kenmore. E branch service resumed to Lechmere partially on July 26, and fully on June 20, 1987. The remaining Lechmere–Government Center shuttles were replaced with an extension of D branch service on June 21, 1997.
Around 2000, portable lifts were added at Lechmere as a temporary accessibility measure. On June 25, 2004, service to Lechmere was suspended as the Causeway Street Elevated was removed, and the surface and elevated platforms at North Station were consolidated into a new underground "superstation". A shuttle bus to Government Center accommodated Lechmere passengers. Service to Lechmere, operated only by the E branch, resumed on November 12, 2005. Around 2007, the MBTA added a wooden mini-high platform on the inbound side, allowing level boarding on older Type 7 LRVs. These platforms were installed at eleven Green Line stations in 2006–07 as part of the settlement of Joanne Daniels-Finegold, et al. v. MBTA. Service past North Station was replaced with buses from April 30 to November 4, 2011, as Science Park station was rebuilt.

Green Line Extension and new station

The Green Line Extension, which extends the Green Line north into Somerville and Medford, includes the closure and replacement of Lechmere station. The new station will be elevated on the east side of O'Brien Highway. Entrances will be located north of North First Street and south of East Street, with a busway off Water Street. Both entrances will have elevators and stairs to the curved island platform, which will be long and wide. A bike station between the entrances will hold 182 bicycles.
Station design was 10% complete in March 2018 and 76% complete by that December. Construction began in mid-2019. By March 2020, the beams supporting the trackways and platform were being installed. The project requires a temporary service suspension while the elevated structure to the old station is replaced with the new viaduct. A bus shuttle between Lechmere and North Station – with dedicated bus lanes on the Charles River Dam Bridge – began on May 24, 2020, with the old station closed. Service to the new station is expected to begin in April 2021. It will be an intermediate station on the D branch.

Bus connections

The outbound terminus platform was connected to a busway, still in used, on the Monsignor O'Brien Highway. An unused busway was present on the inbound side as well. The station continues to serve several MBTA bus routes:
Frequent shuttle buses run from the station to Science Park and North Station, the temporary terminus of the Green Line, a service that will continue until the new light rail station opens.
The EZRide Cambridge–North Station private shuttle service stops at Lechmere at all times. Although not part of the MBTA system, it is open to the general public and is shown on MBTA maps.