Legislator


A legislator is a person who writes and passes laws, especially someone who is a member of a legislature. Legislators are usually politicians and are often elected by the people of the state. Legislatures may be supra-national, national, regional, or local.

Overview

The political theory of the separation of powers requires legislators to be independent individuals from the members of the executive and the judiciary. Certain political systems adhere to this principle, others do not. In the United Kingdom, for example, the executive is formed almost exclusively from legislators although the judiciary is mostly independent.
In continental European jurisprudence and legal discussion, "the legislator" is the abstract entity that has produced the laws. When there is room for interpretation, the intent of the legislator will be questioned, and the court is directed to rule in the direction it judges to best fit the legislative intent, which can be difficult in the case of conflicting laws or constitutional provisions. A study of 35 attorneys shows that more than half of the legislators may have conflict of interest over legislative matters and the interests of the firms they present.

Terminology

The local term for a legislator is usually a derivation of the local term for the relevant legislature. Typical examples include
The generic term "deputy" may also be used, deriving from the concept that the legislator is "deputising" for the electorate of his electoral district.

Substitute legislator

Some legislatures provide each legislator with an official "substitute legislator" who deputises for the legislator in the legislature if he or she is unavailable. Venezuela, for example, provides for substitute legislators to be elected under Article 186 of its 1999 constitution. Ecuador and Panama also have substitute legislators.