Lenin Peace Prize
The International Lenin Peace Prize '' was a Soviet Union award named in honor of Vladimir Lenin. It was awarded by a panel appointed by the Soviet government, to notable individuals whom the panel indicated had "strengthened peace among comrades". It was founded as the International Stalin Prize for Strengthening Peace Among Peoples, but was renamed the International Lenin Prize for Strengthening Peace Among Peoples as a result of de-Stalinization. Unlike the Nobel Prize, the Lenin Peace Prize was usually awarded to several people a year rather than to just one individual. The prize was mainly awarded to prominent Communists and supporters of the Soviet Union who were not Soviet citizens. Notable recipients include: W. E. B. Du Bois, Fidel Castro, Salvador Allende, Mikis Theodorakis, Seán MacBride, Angela Davis, Pablo Picasso, Oscar Niemeyer, Faiz Ahmad Faiz, Abdul Sattar Edhi, Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti and Nelson Mandela.
History
The prize was created as the International Stalin Prize for Strengthening Peace Among Peoples on December 21, 1949 by executive order of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet in honor of Joseph Stalin's seventieth birthday.Following Nikita Khrushchev's denunciation of Stalin in 1956 during the Twentieth Party Congress, the prize was renamed on September 6 as the International Lenin Prize for Strengthening Peace Among Peoples. All previous recipients were asked to return their Stalin Prizes so they could be replaced by the renamed Lenin Prize. By a decision of Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of December 11, 1989, the prize was renamed the International Lenin Peace Prize. Two years later, after the collapse of USSR in 1991, the Russian government, as the successor state to the defunct Soviet Union, ended the award program. The Lenin Peace Prize is regarded as a counterpart to the existing Nobel Peace Prize.
The International Lenin Prize should not be confused with the International Peace Prize, awarded by the World Peace Council. In 1941 the Soviet Union created the Stalin Prize, which was awarded annually to accomplished Soviet writers, composers, artists and scientists.
Stalin Prize recipients
| Year | Picture | Name | Occupation | Country | Notes |
| 1950 | Eugénie Cotton | Scientist, President of the Women's International Democratic Federation | Awarded 6 April 1951 | ||
| 1950 | Heriberto Jara Corona | Politician, revolutionary | Awarded 6 April 1951 | ||
| 1950 | Hewlett Johnson | Priest, Dean of Manchester, Dean of Canterbury | Awarded 6 April 1951 | ||
| 1950 | Frédéric Joliot-Curie | Physicist, Member of the French Academy of Sciences, Professor at the Collège de France, President of the World Peace Council, Nobel laureate in Chemistry | Awarded 6 April 1951 | ||
| 1950 | Arthur Moulton | Episcopal bishop | Declined | ||
| 1950 | Pak Chong-ae | Politician, Chairwoman of the Korean Democratic Women's League | Awarded 6 April 1951 | ||
| 1950 | Soong Ching-ling | Politician, Vice President of China | Awarded 6 April 1951 | ||
| 1951 | Jorge Amado | Writer, Member of the Brazilian Academy of Letters | Awarded 20 December 1951 | ||
| 1951 | Monica Felton | Town planner, feminist, politician | Awarded 20 December 1951 | ||
| 1951 | Guo Moruo | Writer, scientist, politician, President of the Chinese Academy of Sciences | Awarded 20 December 1951 | ||
| 1951 | Pietro Nenni | Politician, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Italy, Deputy Prime Minister of Italy | Awarded 20 December 1951 | ||
| 1951 | Oyama Ikuo | Politician, Member of the House of Councillors of Japan | Awarded 20 December 1951 | ||
| 1951 | Anna Seghers | Writer | Awarded 20 December 1951 | ||
| 1952 | Johannes R. Becher | Writer | Awarded 20 December 1952 | ||
| 1952 | Elisa Branco | Politician, Vice President of the Council of Brazilian Advocates for Peace | Awarded 20 December 1952 | ||
| 1952 | Ilya Ehrenburg | Writer, journalist | Awarded 20 December 1952 | ||
| 1952 | James Gareth Endicott | Clergyman | Awarded 20 December 1952 | ||
| 1952 | Yves Farge | Journalist, politician | Awarded 20 December 1952 | ||
| 1952 | Halldór Laxness | Writer, Nobel laureate in Literature | Awarded 20 December 1952 | ||
| 1952 | Saifuddin Kitchlew | Barrister, politician, Vice President of the World Peace Council, President of the All-India Peace Council | Awarded 20 December 1952 | ||
| 1952 | Paul Robeson | Singer, actor | Awarded 20 December 1952 | ||
| 1953 | Andrea Andreen | Physician, educator, Chairman of the Swedish Women's Left-Wing Association, Vice President of the Women's International Democratic Federation | Awarded 12 December 1953 | ||
| 1953 | John Desmond Bernal | Scientist, Professor at Birkbeck College, University of London, Fellow of the Royal Society, President of the World Peace Council | Awarded 12 December 1953 | ||
| 1953 | Isabelle Blume | Politician, Member of the Belgian Chamber of Representatives, President of the World Peace Council | Awarded 12 December 1953 | ||
| 1953 | Pierre Cot | Politician, Member of the National Assembly of France | Awarded 12 December 1953 | ||
| 1953 | Howard Fast | Writer | Awarded 12 December 1953 | ||
| 1953 | Priest | Awarded 12 December 1953 | |||
| 1953 | Leon Kruczkowski | Writer | Awarded 12 December 1953 | ||
| 1953 | Pablo Neruda | Poet, diplomat, Nobel laureate in Literature | Awarded 12 December 1953 | ||
| 1953 | Politician, Secretary of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions | Awarded 12 December 1953 | |||
| 1953 | Sahib Singh Sokhey | Biochemist, Member of the Indian Academy of Sciences, Assistant Director General of the World Health Organization | Awarded 12 December 1953 | ||
| 1954 | Scholar, writer, Professor at the University of Lausanne | Awarded 18 December 1954 | |||
| 1954 | Bertolt Brecht | Playwright, poet, theatre director | | Awarded 18 December 1954 | |
| 1954 | Nicolás Guillén | Poet | Awarded 18 December 1954 | ||
| 1954 | Felix Iversen | Mathematician, Professor at the University of Helsinki, Chairman of the Peace Union of Finland | Awarded 18 December 1954 | ||
| 1954 | Thakin Kodaw Hmaing | Poet | Awarded 18 December 1954 | ||
| 1954 | Alain Le Léap | Trade unionist, General Secretary of the General Confederation of Labour | Awarded 18 December 1954 | ||
| 1954 | Prijono | Academic, politician, Minister of Culture and Education of Indonesia | Awarded 18 December 1954 | ||
| 1954 | Denis Pritt | Barrister, politician, Member of Parliament of the United Kingdom | Awarded 18 December 1954 | ||
| 1954 | Baldomero Sanín Cano | Essayist, linguist, journalist | Awarded 18 December 1954 | ||
| 1955 | Muhammad al-Ashmar | Rebel commander, politician | Awarded 9 December 1955 | ||
| 1955 | Lázaro Cárdenas | General, politician, President of Mexico | Awarded 9 December 1955 | ||
| 1955 | Priest, Chaplain of Oslo Cathedral | Awarded 9 December 1955 | |||
| 1955 | Seki Akiko | Singer | Awarded 9 December 1955 | ||
| 1955 | Tôn Đức Thắng | Politician, President of North Vietnam, President of Vietnam | Awarded 9 December 1955 | ||
| 1955 | Karl Joseph Wirth | Politician, Chancellor of Germany | Awarded 9 December 1955 | ||
| Unknown year | Martin Andersen Nexø | Writer |
Lenin Prize recipients
| Year | Picture | Name | Occupation | Country | Notes |
| 1957 | Louis Aragon | Poet | |||
| 1957 | Emmanuel d'Astier de La Vigerie | Journalist, politician, Member of the National Assembly of France | |||
| 1957 | Jurist, Chairman of the Peace Council of Austria | ||||
| 1957 | Danilo Dolci | Social activist, educator, sociologist | |||
| 1957 | María Rosa Oliver | Writer, essayist | |||
| 1957 | C. V. Raman | Physicist, Professor at the University of Calcutta, President of the Indian Academy of Sciences | |||
| 1957 | Buddhist monk | ||||
| 1957 | Nikolai Tikhonov | Writer, Chairman of the Soviet Peace Committee | |||
| 1958 | Josef Hromádka | Protestant theologian, founder of the Christian Peace Conference | |||
| 1958 | Artur Lundkvist | Writer, literary critic, Member of the Swedish Academy | |||
| 1958 | Louis Saillant | Trade unionist, General Secretary of the World Federation of Trade Unions | |||
| 1958 | Jurist, scholar, Professor at the University of Tokyo, Chairman of the Japan Council Against Atomic and Hydrogen Bombs | ||||
| 1958 | Arnold Zweig | Writer | |||
| 1959 | Politician, Member of the Reichstag, Member of the Volkskammer | Awarded 30 April 1959 | |||
| 1959 | W. E. B. Du Bois | Sociologist, historian, civil rights activist | Awarded 30 April 1959 | ||
| 1959 | Nikita Khrushchev | Politician, First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union | Awarded 30 April 1959 | ||
| 1959 | Ivor Montagu | Filmmaker, critic | Awarded 30 April 1959 | ||
| 1959 | Kostas Varnalis | Poet | Greece | Awarded 30 April 1959 | |
| 1960 | Laurent Casanova | Politician, Member of the National Assembly of France | Awarded 3 May 1960 | ||
| 1960 | Cyrus S. Eaton | Industrialist | Awarded 3 May 1960 | ||
| 1960 | Oleksandr Korniychuk | Playwright | Awarded 3 May 1960 | ||
| 1960 | Politician, Chairman of the Peace Partisans Organization of Iraq | Awarded 3 May 1960 | |||
| 1960 | Sukarno | Politician, President of Indonesia | Awarded 3 May 1960 | ||
| 1961 | Fidel Castro | Politician, revolutionary, Prime Minister of Cuba, President of Cuba | Awarded 30 April 1961 | ||
| 1961 | Politician, Member of the Sejm | Awarded 30 April 1961 | |||
| 1961 | Bill Morrow | Politician, Member of the Australian Senate | Awarded 30 April 1961 | ||
| 1961 | Rameshwari Nehru | Social worker, founder of the All India Women's Conference | Awarded 30 April 1961 | ||
| 1961 | Mihail Sadoveanu | Writer | Awarded 30 April 1961 | ||
| 1961 | Antoine Tabet | Architect, Chairman of the Lebanese National Peace Council | Awarded 30 April 1961 | ||
| 1961 | Ahmed Sékou Touré | Politician, President of Guinea | Awarded 30 April 1961 | ||
| 1962 | István Dobi | Politician, Prime Minister of Hungary | Awarded 30 April 1962 | ||
| 1962 | Faiz Ahmad Faiz | Poet | Awarded 30 April 1962 | ||
| 1962 | Kwame Nkrumah | Politician, Prime Minister of Ghana, President of Ghana | Awarded 30 April 1962 | ||
| 1962 | Pablo Picasso | Painter, sculptor | Awarded 30 April 1962 | ||
| 1962 | Olga Poblete | Teacher, feminist, Professor at the University of Chile, President of the Chilean Movement of Advocates for Peace | Awarded 30 April 1962 | ||
| 1963 | Manolis Glezos | Politician, guerilla | Greece | Awarded 1 May 1963 | |
| 1963 | Modibo Keïta | Politician, President of Mali | Awarded 1 May 1963 | ||
| 1963 | Oscar Niemeyer | Architect | Awarded 1 May 1963 | ||
| 1963 | Georgi Traykov | Politician, Chairman of the National Assembly of Bulgaria | Bulgaria | Awarded 1 May 1963 | |
| 1964 | Rafael Alberti | Poet | Awarded 1 May 1964 | ||
| 1964 | Aruna Asaf Ali | Politician, independence activist, Vice President of the Women's International Democratic Federation | Presented 14 August 1965 | ||
| 1964 | Ahmed Ben Bella | Politician, revolutionary, President of Algeria | Awarded 1 May 1964 | ||
| 1964 | Herluf Bidstrup | Cartoonist, illustrator | Awarded 1 May 1964 | ||
| 1964 | Dolores Ibárruri | Politician, General Secretary of the Communist Party of Spain | Awarded 1 May 1964 | ||
| 1964 | Trade unionist, Chairman of the General Council of Trade Unions of Japan | Awarded 1 May 1964 | |||
| 1965 | Peter Ayodele Curtis Joseph | Politician | |||
| 1965 | Jamsrangiin Sambuu | Politician, Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Great Khural | Mongolia | ||
| 1965 | Politician, General Secretary of the Finnish Peace Committee, General Secretary of the Women's International Democratic Federation, Member of the Parliament of Finland | ||||
| 1966 | David Alfaro Siqueiros | Painter | Awarded 1 May 1967 | ||
| 1966 | Miguel Ángel Asturias | Writer, diplomat, Nobel laureate in Literature | |||
| 1966 | Bram Fischer | Advocate, anti-apartheid activist | Awarded 1 May 1967 | ||
| 1966 | Rockwell Kent | Painter, printmaker, adventurer | Awarded 1 May 1967 | ||
| 1966 | Microbiologist, Professor at Charles University, Member of the National Assembly of Czechoslovakia | Awarded 1 May 1967 | |||
| 1966 | Giacomo Manzù | Sculptor | |||
| 1966 | Martin Niemöller | Lutheran pastor, theologian, President of the World Council of Churches | Awarded 1 May 1967 | ||
| 1966 | Herbert Warnke | Trade unionist, Chairman of the Free German Trade Union Federation | Awarded 1 May 1967 | ||
| 1967 | Romesh Chandra | Politician, President of the World Peace Council | |||
| 1967 | Jean Effel | Illustrator, journalist | |||
| 1967 | Joris Ivens | Documentary filmmaker | |||
| 1967 | Nguyễn Thị Định | General, politician, Vice President of Vietnam | / Republic of South Vietnam | ||
| 1967 | Endre Sík | Politician, historian, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Hungary | |||
| 1967 | Jorge Zalamea Borda | Writer, politician | |||
| 1968–1969 | Trade unionist, General Secretary of the General Council of Trade Unions of Japan | Awarded 16 April 1970 | |||
| 1968–1969 | Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz | Writer | Awarded 16 April 1970 | ||
| 1968–1969 | Khaled Mohieddin | Major, politician, Chairman of the Egyptian Peace Council | Awarded 16 April 1970 | ||
| 1968–1969 | Linus Pauling | Chemist, educator, Nobel laureate in Chemistry, Nobel Peace Prize laureate | Awarded 16 April 1970 | ||
| 1968–1969 | Shafie Ahmed el Sheikh | Trade unionist, politician | Awarded 16 April 1970 | ||
| 1968–1969 | Journalist, writer | Awarded 16 April 1970 | |||
| 1970–1971 | Hikmat Abu Zayd | Politician, academic, Minister of Social Affairs of the United Arab Republic | |||
| 1970–1971 | Eric Burhop | Physicist, Professor at University College London, Fellow of the Royal Society | |||
| 1970–1971 | Ernst Busch | Singer, actor | |||
| 1970–1971 | Tsola Dragoycheva | Politician, Member of the National Assembly of Bulgaria | Bulgaria | ||
| 1970–1971 | Renato Guttuso | Painter | |||
| 1970–1971 | Kamal Jumblatt | Politician, Member of the Parliament of Lebanon | |||
| 1970–1971 | Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti | Teacher, women's rights activist | |||
| 1970–1971 | Alfredo Varela | Writer | |||
| 1972 | James Aldridge | Writer | Awarded 1 May 1973 | ||
| 1972 | Salvador Allende | Politician, psysician, President of Chile | Awarded 1 May 1973 | ||
| 1972 | Leonid Brezhnev | Politician, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union | Awarded 1 May 1973 | ||
| 1972 | Enrique Pastorino | Trade unionist, politician, President of the World Federation of Trade Unions | Awarded 1 May 1973 | ||
| 1973–1974 | Luis Corvalán | Politician, General Secretary of the Communist Party of Chile | |||
| 1973–1974 | Raymond Goor | Priest | |||
| 1973–1974 | Jeanne Martin Cissé | Politician, teacher | |||
| 1973–1974 | Sam Nujoma | Politician, anti-apartheid activist, President of Namibia | | ||
| 1975–1976 | Hortensia Bussi de Allende | Educator, librarian, First Lady of Chile | Widow of Salvador Allende Awarded May 1977 | ||
| 1975–1976 | János Kádár | Politician, General Secretary of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party | Awarded May 1977 | ||
| 1975–1976 | Seán MacBride | Politician, barrister, International chairman of Amnesty International, Assistant Secretary-General of the United Nations, Nobel Peace Prize laureate | Awarded May 1977 | ||
| 1975–1976 | Samora Machel | Politician, revolutionary, President of Mozambique | Awarded May 1977 | ||
| 1975–1976 | Agostinho Neto | Politician, revolutionary, President of Angola | Awarded May 1977 | ||
| 1975–1976 | Pierre Pouyade | Brigadier general, Chairman of the Franco-Soviet Friendship Association | Awarded May 1977 | ||
| 1975–1976 | Yiannis Ritsos | Poet | Awarded May 1977 | ||
| 1977–1978 | Politician, Chairman of the German Communist Party | Awarded 1 May 1979 | |||
| 1977–1978 | Freda Brown | Politician, President of the Women's International Democratic Federation | Awarded 1 May 1979 | ||
| 1977–1978 | Vilma Espín | Revolutionary, politician, President of the Federation of Cuban Women | Awarded 1 May 1979 | ||
| 1977–1978 | K. P. S. Menon | Diplomat, Foreign Secretary of India | Awarded 1 May 1979 | ||
| 1977–1978 | Halina Skibniewska | Architect, politician, Deputy Marshal of the Sejm | Awarded 1 May 1979 | ||
| 1979 | Hervé Bazin | Writer | Awarded 30 April 1980 | ||
| 1979 | Angela Davis | Activist, academic, Professor at the University of California, Santa Cruz | Awarded 30 April 1980 | ||
| 1979 | Urho Kekkonen | Politician, lawyer, President of Finland | Awarded 30 April 1980 | ||
| 1979 | Poet, composer | Awarded 30 April 1980 | |||
| 1979 | Lê Duẩn | Politician, General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam | Awarded 30 April 1980 | ||
| 1979 | Miguel Otero Silva | Writer, journalist | Awarded 30 April 1980 | ||
| 1980–1982 | Mahmoud Darwish | Poet | Awarded May 1983 | ||
| 1980–1982 | John Hanly Morgan | Unitarian minister | Awarded May 1983 | ||
| 1980–1982 | Líber Seregni | Politician, military officer | Awarded May 1983 | ||
| 1980–1982 | Mikis Theodorakis | Composer | Awarded May 1983 | ||
| 1983–1984 | Charilaos Florakis | Politician, General Secretary of the Communist Party of Greece | Awarded 1 May 1985 | ||
| 1983–1984 | Indira Gandhi | Politician, Prime Minister of India | Awarded posthumously on 1 May 1985 | ||
| 1983–1984 | Jean-Marie Legay | Academic | Awarded 1 May 1985 | ||
| 1983–1984 | Nguyễn Hữu Thọ | Politician, Chairman of the Republic of South Vietnam, Vice President of Vietnam, Acting President of Vietnam, Chairman of the National Assembly of Vietnam | / Republic of South Vietnam | Awarded 1 May 1985 | |
| 1983–1984 | Writer, chemist, Chairwoman of the Sweden-Soviet Union Association | Awarded 1 May 1985 | |||
| 1983–1984 | Luis Vidales | Poet | Awarded 1 May 1985 | ||
| 1983–1984 | Politician, peace activist | Awarded 1 May 1985 | |||
| 1985–1986 | Miguel d'Escoto Brockmann | Politician, Foreign Minister of Nicaragua, President of the United Nations General Assembly | |||
| 1985–1986 | Dorothy Hodgkin | Chemist, Fellow of the Royal Society, Nobel laureate in Chemistry | |||
| 1985–1986 | Herbert Mies | Politician, Chairman of the German Communist Party | |||
| 1985–1986 | Julius Nyerere | Politician, anti-colonial activist, President of Tanzania | |||
| 1985–1986 | Petur Tanchev | Politician, Member of the National Assembly of Bulgaria | Bulgaria | ||
| 1988 | Abdul Sattar Edhi | Philanthropist, ascetic | |||
| 1989 | Álvaro Cunhal | Politician, Secretary-General of the Portuguese Communist Party | |||
| 1990 | Nelson Mandela | Politician, anti-apartheid activist, President of South Africa, Nobel Peace Prize laureate | Unable to accept the prize until 2002 due to his trial and imprisonment in South Africa | ||
| Unknown year | Martti Ahtisaari | Politician, diplomat, President of Finland, Nobel Peace Prize laureate | |||
| Unknown year | Valerie Goulding | Campaigner |