List of British Columbia by-elections

The list of British Columbia by-elections includes every by-election held in the Canadian province of British Columbia. By-elections occur whenever there is a vacancy in the Legislative Assembly, although an imminent general election may allow the vacancy to remain until the dissolution of parliament. The most recent by-election took place on January 30, 2019, in the provincial electoral district of Nanaimo.

Causes

A by-election occurs whenever there is a vacancy in the Legislative Assembly. Vacancies can occur for the following reasons:

Death of a member. The last time a sitting MLA died was Fred Gingell in 1999. In addition, elected MLA's sometimes die before taking their seats. The last time this happened was in 1924 when John McKie died before the first session.
Resignation of a member.
Recall of a member. This has never happened. However, former MLA Paul Reitsma was unofficially recalled because he resigned just as a recall attempt nearly succeeded.
Voided results. The last time a by-election took place for this reason was in 1904. The most recent any election has come close to being voided was in 1963.
Expulsion from the legislature.
Ineligibility to sit.
Winning in more than one district during a general election. The last time that happened was in 1921. It has been forbidden to run in multiple districts since 1940.
A riding being established during a parliament. The only time a by-election took place because of this was in early 1934, in Columbia.
Ministerial by-election, until the 1930s an MLA's seat was declared vacant and the occupant was required to re-offer upon being appointed to Cabinet.Such by-elections often resulted in the incumbent being acclaimed.

When there is a vacancy, a by-election must be called within six months of the Chief Electoral Officer learning of it. The only exception is when a member has been recalled. In that case, a by-election must be held with 90 days.

41st Parliament 2017–present

40th Parliament 2013–2017

39th Parliament 2009–2013

38th Parliament 2005–2009

37th Parliament 2001–2005

36th Parliament 1996–2001

* Reitsma is a former Liberal.

35th Parliament 1991–1996

* Dueck is a former Socred.

34th Parliament 1986–1991

33rd Parliament 1983–1986

32nd Parliament 1979–1983

The Kamloops by-election was the most recent by-election won by the governing party until 2011. During these 30 years the governing parties lost seventeen consecutive by-elections.

31st Parliament 1975–1979

30th Parliament 1972–1975

29th Parliament 1969–1972

There were no by-elections.

28th Parliament 1966–1969

27th Parliament 1963–1966

There were no by-elections.

26th Parliament 1960–1963

25th Parliament 1956–1960

24th Parliament 1953–1956

of the Progressive Conservative Party runs in the Vancouver Centre by-election, the first time any Chinese Canadian had run for a seat in a Canadian legislature.

23rd Parliament 1952–1953

These by-elections are held under the alternative vote system, the only two times by-elections had been held using that voting system. After the next general election, the voting system would revert to first past the post in time for the next by-election.

22nd Parliament 1949–1952

21st Parliament 1945–1949

20th Parliament 1941–1945

19th Parliament 1937–1941

18th Parliament 1933–1937

The Columbia by-election is notable for two reasons. First, it is the only one held due to a district being created during a parliament; Second, it is the last time a candidate won through acclamation.
† Won by acclamation; this date is the date of the return of the writ.