List of British divisions in World War II
This page is a list of British Army divisions that existed in World War II.
African
- 1st Division – renamed 11th Division – Formed 24 July 1940 in East Africa. 24 November 1940 redesignated 11th Division. Served in East Africa from July 1940 until February 1941 and from August 1941 until November 1941, Italian Somaliland from February 1941 until March 1941, and in Abyssinia from March 1941 until August 1941. Fought at The Juba. 23 November 1941 disbanded in East Africa.
- 2nd Division – renamed 12th Division and also known as the "12th Division" – Formed 19 July 1940 in East Africa. 24 November 1940 redesignated 12th Division. Served in East Africa from July 1940 until February 1941, Italian Somaliland from February 1941 until April 1941, and in Abyssinia from April 1941 until April 1943. Fought at The Juba and Gondar. 18 April 1943 disbanded in East Africa.
- 11th Division – Formed 15 February 1943 in East Africa. Served in East Africa from February 1943 until June 1943, Ceylon from June 1943 until May 1944, Burma from June 1944 until April 1945, and India from April 1945 until the end of the war. Fought in Burma. Ended the war under command of GHQ India.
- 81st Division – Formed 1 March 1943 in Nigeria as the 1st Division, redesignated the 81st Division three days later. Served in West Africa from March 1943 until July 1943, India from August 1943 until December 1943 and from March 1945 until August 1945, and Burma from December 1943 until March 1945. Fought at North Arakan and on the Arakan Beaches. Ended the war under command of Southern Army.
- 82nd Division – Formed 1 August 1943 in Nigeria. Served in West Africa from August 1943 until May 1944, India from July 1944 until November 1944, and in Burma from November 1944 until August 1945. Fought on the Arakan Beaches. Ended the war under command of HQ Allied Land Forces South East Asia.
Airborne
- 1st Airborne Division – Formed 4 November 1941 in the UK. Served in North Africa from April 1943 until July 1943, Sicily in July 1943 until September 1943, Italy from September 1943 until November 1943, northwestern Europe in September 1944, and after the end of the campaign in Norway. Fought in Sicily and at Arnhem. Ended the war in Europe under command of Force 134.
- 6th Airborne Division – Formed 3 May 1943 in the UK. Served in northwestern Europe June 1944 until September 1944, December 1944 until February 1945, and March 1945 until May 1945. Fought in Normandy and near Wesel. Met Soviet forces at Wismar on the Baltic Sea. Ended the war in Europe under command of U.S. XVIII Airborne Corps.
Anti-Aircraft
- 1st Anti-Aircraft Division
- 2nd Anti-Aircraft Division
- 3rd Anti-Aircraft Division
- 4th Anti-Aircraft Division
- 5th Anti-Aircraft Division
- 6th Anti-Aircraft Division
- 7th Anti-Aircraft Division
- 8th Anti-Aircraft Division
- 9th Anti-Aircraft Division
- 10th Anti-Aircraft Division
- 11th Anti-Aircraft Division
- 12th Anti-Aircraft Division
Armoured
- Guards Armoured Division
- 1st Armoured Division
- 2nd Armoured Division
- 6th Armoured Division
- 7th Armoured Division
- 8th Armoured Division
- 9th Armoured Division
- 10th Armoured Division
- 11th Armoured Division
- 42nd Armoured Division
- 79th Armoured Division
Cavalry
- 1st Cavalry Division
County
- Devon and Cornwall County Division
- Dorset County Division
- Durham and North Riding County Division
- Essex County Division
- Hampshire County Division
- Lincolnshire County Division
- Norfolk County Division
- Northumberland County Division
- West Sussex County Division
- Yorkshire County Division
Deception
Indian
For British Indian Army units, see List of Indian divisions in World War IIInfantry
The "infantry division" was the backbone of the British Army. Its intended role was to breach the front line of the opposing force, to allow motorised infantry and armoured divisions to then breakthrough securing victory via superior mobility and firepower. Issues with doctrine implementation and training resulted in the army going to war incapable of fighting in such a manner. As the war progressed and the army evolved, as well as the organization of divisions, this basic doctrine was maintained.In addition to the Regular Army, the full-time professional army, the British military was supplemented by the Territorial Army: a reserve made up of part-time volunteers. This reserve would also be the sole method of expanding the size of the armed forces during wartime. To do so, the existing territorial formations known as the First Line would create a Second Line using a cadre of trained personnel.
Furthermore, infantry divisions were split into two classes: Lower Establishment, intended strictly for service within the United Kingdom; and Higher Establishment, divisions that were intended for deployment overseas and combat. The war-establishment, the on-paper strength, of an infantry division was set at 13,863 men in 1939 increasing to 18,347 by 1944. However, this figure could vary considerably. For example, during the Siege of Tobruk the 70th Infantry Division was 28,000 men strong, whereas in June 1944 the total combined strength of the remaining five Lower Establishment divisions was 17,845 men.
- Guards Division
- 1st Infantry Division
- 1st London Division
- 2nd Infantry Division
- 2nd London Division
- 3rd Infantry Division
- 4th Infantry Division
- 5th Infantry Division
- 6th Infantry Division
- 7th Infantry Division
- 8th Infantry Division
- 8th Division
- 9th Infantry Division
- 12th Infantry Division
- 12th Division
- 15th Infantry Division
- 18th Infantry Division
- 23rd Division
- 36th Infantry Division
- 38th Infantry Division
- 42nd Infantry Division
- 43rd Infantry Division
- 44th Infantry Division
- 45th Infantry Division
- 46th Infantry Division
- 47th Infantry Division
- 48th Infantry Division
- 49th Infantry Division
- 50th Infantry Division
- 51st Infantry Division
- 52nd Infantry Division
- 53rd Infantry Division
- 54th Infantry Division
- 55th Infantry Division
- 56th Infantry Division
- 59th Infantry Division
- 61st Infantry Division
- 66th Infantry Division
- 70th Infantry Division
- 76th Infantry Division
- 77th Infantry Division
- 78th Infantry Division
- 80th Infantry Division
Other
- Beauman Division – Formed 29 May 1940 in Rouen France; improvised from depot troops and pioneers. Evacuated 17 June 1940, part of Operation Ariel and disbanded.
- Royal Marines Division
- Y Division - An ad hoc formation formed during the Tunisia Campaign