List of Spanish words of Iberian origin

List

• ardilla "squirrel", diminutive of obsolete arda, from harda.
• argaña "ridge of an ear of cereal, weed", from *arganna
• árgoma "heather, furze, broom"; related to argaña
• aro "big metal or wooden ring"; also Portuguese. Perhaps instead from an Indo-European word *aros "circle; wheel".
• arroyo "stream", from LL arrugia "mineshaft", from Iberian meaning "stream, channel"; also Portuguese arroio, Friulian roggia, Italian roia, Venetian roza; related to Spanish cuérrago "riverbed".
• artiga "busted sod, tilled earth" Celtic or Indo-European word akin to Welsh aredig "tillage" or Old High German art "cultivated land". This comparison was already suggested by Hubschmid who related the term with Indo-European verbs such as Latin arare "to plough"; 2) Iberian
• balsa "pond, pool". Pre-Roman, probably Iberian..
• barda "boundary hedge, fence, or wall; brush, thorn, or straw covering over pens or orchards"; also Portuguese; perhaps Iberian.
• barro "mud", from *bardum; alternatively, from Hispano-Celtic.
• calabaza "pumpkin", from *calapacceu, from calappacu "lizard, reptile, turtle".
• cama "bed"; also Portuguese; , from Iberian.
• caspa "dandruff"; also Portuguese.
• cazurro "rude, unsociable, malicious", formerly "obscene, crass, lewd"; alternatively from Arabic qadur "unsociable, dirty"
• coscojo "kermes oak gall", from Latin cusculius, from Iberian.
• cuérrago "riverbed"; also Portuguese córrego and corgo, from Latin Latin corrugus "canal, water conduit in a mine", from Iberian; related to arroyo.
• galápago "tortoise", from *calappacu.
• gándara "low wasteland, wilderness", from Late Latin gangadia.
• garabato "pothook; squiggle"
• garduña "marten"; also Portuguese gardunho
• garma "scree, steep mountain slope"
• gazapo "young rabbit"
• gordo "fat", from Latin gurdus "thick, heavy, clumsy, awkward" ; also Portuguese, French gourd "numb, stiff', Italian dialects.
• gusano "worm"
• manteca "lard", from *manteica. Corminas suggests an Indo-European origin.
• maraña "thicket"
• marueco, morueco " ram", from *mard-.
• parra "grapevine, trellis" ; Corominas gives Gothic parra, -ans "surrounded, encircled", Middle English parren 'to confine, shut in', parrok 'enclosed pasture, paddock', Old English pearruc 'fence, enclosure, enclosed land', Old High German pfarrih, pferrih 'fold, pen, enclosure, hurdle, barrier, bounds, stall'
• perro "dog", originally "cur"; ousted Old Spanish can
• rebeco "ibex", from older rebezo, robezo, from Old Spanish ueko, from Late Latin hybicum, from Latin ibex, -icis, from Iberian, with influence from Old Spanish reveso "cantankerous, not broken in, untamed".
• sima "chasm"; Coromines considers to be dubious the comparison with some Indo-European words with meanings as "frontier" or "cord".
• sobaco "underarm, armpit"
• tamo "chaff"
• urraca "magpie" ; alternatively from Hispano-Celtic *vracca "crone"; cf. Old Irish fracc "woman", Breton gwrac'h "old woman, crone", Cornish gwragh "crone, witch", Welsh gwrach "id."; derivative of *vraci: Br gwreg "woman", C gwrêk, W gwraig.