List of Tamil monarchs
This is a list of Tamil-speaking monarchs, who ruled in Tamilakam and Sri Lanka. The ancient Tamil monarchy was largely hereditary and supported by numerous chieftains.
Tamil royal titles
- Perun-Ko, Perarasan, Irai, Iraivan
- Perarasi
- Ko, Arasan, Mannan, Aliyan or Araiyan
- Arasi
- Ilavarasi or Piratti
- Ilam-Ko or Ilavarasan
- Kuru-nila Mannan or Chitarasan
- Chitarasi
- Antavan
[Three Crowned Kings]
- Chera
- Chola
- Pandyan
[Pandyan Kingdom]
Early Pandyans (6th century BCE – 3rd century CE)
- Koon Pandiyan
- Nedunjeliyan I
- Pudappandiyan
- Mudukudumi Peruvazhudhi
- Nedunjeliyan II
- Nanmaran
- Nedunjeliyan III
- Maran Vazhudhi
- Kadalan Vazhudhi
- Mutriya Chezhiyan
- Ukkirap Peruvazhudhi
Medieval Pandyans (6th – 10th centuries CE)
- Kadungon
- Maravarman Avani Culamani
- Jayantavarman
- Arikesari Maravarman Nindraseer Nedumaaran
- Kochadaiyan Ranadhiran
- Arikesari Parankusa Maravarman Rajasimha I
- Parantaka Nedunjadaiyan
- Rasasingan II
- Varagunan I
- Srimara Srivallabha
- Varagunavarman II
- Parantaka Viranarayana
- Maravarman Rajasimha III
Pandyans under Chola empire (10th – 13th centuries)
- Sundara Pandyan I
- Vira Pandyan I
- Vira Pandyan II
- Amarabhujanga Tivrakopa
- Jatavarman Sundara Chola Pandyan
- Maravarman Vikrama Chola Pandyan
- Maravarman Parakrama Chola Pandyan
- Jatavarman Chola Pandya
- Seervallabha Manakulachala
- Maaravaramban Seervallaban
- Parakrama Pandyan I
- Kulasekara Pandyan III
- Vira Pandyan III
- Jatavarman Srivallaban
- Jatavarman Kulasekaran I
Later Pandyans (13th – 14th centuries)
- Parakrama Pandyan II
- Maravarman Sundara Pandyan
- Sadayavarman Kulasekaran II
- Maravarman Sundara Pandyan II
- Jatavarman Sundara Pandyan
- Maaravarman Kulasekara Pandyan I
- Sundara Pandyan IV
- Vira Pandyan IV
Tenkasi Pandyans (15th – 17th centuries)
- Cataiyavarman Parakrama Pandyan 1422–1463
- Cataiyavarman III Kulasekara Pandyan 1429–1473
- Azhagan Perumal Parakrama Pandyan 1473–1506
- Kulasekara Pandyan 1479–1499
- Cataiyavarman Civallappa Pandyan 1534–1543
- Parakrama Kulasekara Pandyan 1543–1552
- Nelveli Maran 1552–1564
- Cataiyavarman Adiveerama Pandyan 1564–1604
- Varathunga Pandyan 1588–1612
- Varakunarama Pandyan 1613–1618
- Kollankondan ?–?
[Chola Empire] (c. 300 BCE – 1279 CE)
Legendary Cholas
Early Cholas (c. 300 BCE – 848 CE)
- Ellalan
- Kulakkottan
- Ilamcetcenni
- Karikalan
- Nedunkilli
- Nalankilli
- Killivalavan
- Kopperuncholan
- Kocengannan
- Perunarkilli
Medieval Cholas (850 CE–985 CE)
- Vijayalaya Chola 850-870
- Aditya Chola I 870–907
- Parantaka Chola I 907–950
- Gandaraditya Chola 950–957
- Arinjaya Chola 956–957
- Sundara Chola 957–970
- Uttama Chola 970–985
Imperial Cholas (985 CE–1070 CE)
- Rajaraja Chola I 985–1014
- Rajendra Chola I 1012–1044
- Rajadhiraja Chola 1018–1054
- Rajendra Chola II 1051–1063
- Virarajendra Chola 1063–1070
- Athirajendra Chola 1067–1070
Later Cholas (1070 – 1279 AD)
- Kulothunga Chola I 1070–1120
- Vikrama Chola 1118–1135
- Kulothunga Chola II 1133–1150
- Rajaraja Chola II 1146–1173
- Rajadhiraja Chola II 1166–1178
- Kulothunga Chola III 1178–1218
- Rajaraja Chola III 1218–1246
- Rajendra Chola III 1246–1280
16th Century
- Virasekhara Chola
[Chera Kingdom]
Early (pre-Pallava) Cheras
- Uthiyan Cheral Athan
- Nedum Cheral Athan
- Palyani Sel Kelu Kuttuvan
- Narmudi Cheral
- Vel Kelu Kuttuvan
- Adu Kottu Pattu Cheral Athan
- Selva Kadumko Valia Athan
- Anthuvan Cheral
- Perum Cheral Irumporai
- Illam Cheral Irumporai
- Mantharan Cheral Irumporai
- Kanaikkal Irumporai
From inscriptions
- Ko Athan Cheral Irumporai
- Perum Kadungo Irumporai
- Ilam Kadungo Irumporai
- Kadummi Pudha Chera
From inscribed coins
- Mak-kothai
- Kuttuvan Kothai
- Kollippurai/Kollippurai
- Kol Irumporai
- Sa Irumporai
Kongu Cheras/Keralas (Karur)
- Ravi Kotha
- Kantan Ravi
- Vira Kotha
- Vira Narayana
- Vira Chola
- Vira Kerala
- Amara Bhujanga Deva
- Kerala Kesari Adhirajaraja Deva
Kodungallur Cheras (the Perumals, formerly Kulasekharas)
- Rama Rajasekhara
- * Cheraman Perumal Nayanar
- Sthanu Ravi Kulasekhara
- * Kulasekhara Alvar
- * Kulasekhara Varma
- Kotha Ravi Vijayaraga
- Kotha Kotha Kerala Kesari
- Indu Kotha
- Bhaskara Ravi Manukuladithya
- Ravi Kotha Rajasimha
- Raja Raja
- Ravi Rama Rajadithya
- Adithyan Kotha Ranadithya
- Rama Kulasekhara
Venadu Cheras (Kulasekharas)
- Rama Kulasekhara
- Kotha Varma Marthandam
- Vira Kerala Varma I
- Kodai Kerala Varma
- Vira Ravi Varma
- Vira Kerala Varma II
- Vira Aditya Varma
- Vira Udaya Martanda Varma
- Devadaram Vira Kerala Varma III
- Vira Manikantha Rama Varma Tiruvadi
- Vira Rama Kerala Varma Tiruvadi
- Vira Ravi Kerala Varma Tiruvadi
- Vira Padmanabha Martanda Varma Tiruvadi
- Ravi Varma
- Vira Udaya Martanda Varma
- Aditya Varma Tiruvadi
- Vira Rama Udaya Martanda Varma Tiruvadi
- Vira Kerala Varma Tiruvadi
- Vira Martanda Varma III
- Vira Rama Martanda Varma
- Vira Ravi Varma
- Vira Ravi Ravi Varma
- Vira Kerala Martanda Varma
- Chera Udaya Martanda Varma
- Vira Ravi Varma
- Sankhara Sri Vira Rama Martanda Varma
- Vira Kodai Sri Aditya Varma
- Martanda Varma, Kulasekhara Perumal
- Vira Ravi Kerala Varma, Kulasekhara Perumal
[Pallava Kingdom]
Early Pallavas
- Tondaiman Ilandiraiyan - The Great Founder of a Pallava Dynasty Lineage
- Bappa - Virakurcha - married a Naga of Mavilanga.
- Simha Varman I
- Skanda Varman I
Middle Pallavas
- Visnugopa
- Kumaravisnu I
- Skanda Varman II
- Vira Varman
- Skanda Varman III
- Simha Varman II
- Skanda Varman IV
- Nandi Varman I
- Kumaravisnu II
- Buddha Varman
- Kumaravisnu III
- Simha Varman III
Later Pallavas
- Simhavishnu
- Mahendravarman I
- Narasimhavarman I
- Mahendravarman II
- Paramesvaravarman I
- Narasimhavarman II
- Paramesvaravarman II
- Nandivarman II
- Dantivarman
- Nandivarman III
- Nirupathungan
- Aparajitavarman
[Ay Kingdom]
Ay chieftains (early historic)
- Ay Andiran
- Ay Titiyan
- Ay Atiyan
Medieval Ay kings
- Chadayan Karunanthan
- Karunanthadakkkan Srivallabha
- Vikramaditya Varaguna
[Mushika Kingdom]
- Validhara Vikkirama Rama
- Kantan Karivarman alias Iramakuta Muvar
- Mushikesvara Chemani/Jayamani
- Utaiya-varma alias Ramakuta Muvar
[Jaffna Kingdom] (Aryacakravarti">Aryacakravarti dynasty">Aryacakravartis) (c. 1215 – 1619 AD)
- Cinkai Ariyan Cekaracacekaran I 1215-1240
- Kulasekara Pararacacekaran I 1240-1256
- Kulottunga Cekaracacekaran II 1256-1279
- Vikkrama Pararacacekaran II 1279-1302
- Varotaya Cekaracacekaran III 1302-1325
- Marttanta Pararacacekaran III 1325-1348
- Kunapusana Cekaracacekaran IV 1348-1371
- Virotaya Pararacacekaran IV 1371-1380
- Jeyavira Cekaracacekaran V 1380-1410
- Kunavira Pararacacekaran V 1410-1440
- Kanagasuriya Cekaracacekaran V 1440-1478
- Pararacacekaran VI 1478-1519
- Cankili I 1519-1565
- Ilavarasan Puvi Raja Pandaram 1561-1565
- Kasi Nayinar Pararacacekaran 1565-1570
- 1565-1565
- Periya Pillai Pandaram Cekaracacekaran 1570-1582
- Puvi Raja Pandaram Pararacacekaran 1582-1591
- Ethirmanna Cinkam Pararacacekaran 1591-1615
- Paddilarasan Arasakesari Pandaram 1615-1616
- Cankili II Cekaracacekaran 1616-1619
Nayakars">Nayak dynasty">Nayakars
Madurai Nayakar">Madurai Nayak dynasty">Madurai Nayakar (1529 AD – 1736 AD)
- Nagama Nayaka
- Viswanatha Nayaka
- Vitthala Raja Nayaka
- Kumara Krishnappa Nayaka
- Muttu Krishnappa Nayaka
- Muttu Virappa Nayaka
- Tirumalai Nayaka
- Muttu Alakadri Nayaka
- Chokkanatha Nayaka
- Rangakrishna Muthu Virappa Nayaka
- Mangammal
- Vijaya Ranga Chokkanatha Nayaka
- Queen Meenakshi, and the End of the Nayakas
Gingee Nayakar">Nayaks of Gingee">Gingee Nayakar (1509 – 1649)
- Krishnappa Nayaka
- Chennappa Nayaka
- Gangama Nayaka
- Venkata Krishnappa Nayaka
- Venkata Rama Bhupaala Nayaka
- Thriyambamka Krishnappa Nayaka
- Varadappa Nayaka
- Ramalinga Nayani vaaru
- Venkata Perumal Naidu
- Periya Ramabhadra Naidu
- Ramakrishnappa Naidu
Thanjavur Nayakar">Thanjavur Nayak kingdom">Thanjavur Nayakar (1532 – 1673 AD)
- Sevappa Nayak
- Achuthappa Nayak
- Raghunatha Nayak
- Vijaya Raghava Nayak
[Kandy Nayakar] (1739 – 1815 AD)
- Sri Vijaya Rajasinha
- Kirti Sri Rajasinha
- Sri Rajadhi Rajasinha
- Sri Vikrama Rajasinha
Ramnad Sethupathis">Ramnad estate">Ramnad Sethupathis
Under Madurai Nayakars (1590 – 1670 AD)
- Sadasiva Thevar Sethupathi
- Kootan Sethupathi
- Dalavai Sethupathi
- Raghunatha Sethupathi
Independent Sethupathis (1670 – 1794 AD)
- Raghunatha Kilavan
- Vijaya Raghunatha Sethupathi I
- Sundaresvara Raghunatha Sethupathi
- Bhavani Shankara Thevar
- Kumara Muthu Vijaya Raghunatha Sethupathi
- Muthukumara Raghunatha Sethupathi
- Rakka Thevar
- Vijaya Raghunatha Sethupathi II
- Muthuramalinga Sethupathi I
Under British Raj (1795 – 1979 AD)
- Mangaleswari Nachiyar
- Annaswami Sethupathi
- Ramaswami Sethupathi
- Muthu Chella Thevar Sethupathi
- Parvatha Vardhani Ammal Nachchiyar
- Muthuramalinga Sethupathi II
- Court of Wards
- Bhaskara Sethupathy
- Dinakara Sethupathy
- Raja Rajeswara Sethupathi
- Shanmugha Rajeswara Sethupathi
- Ramanatha Sethupathi
Pudukkotai Tondaimans">Pudukkottai state">Pudukkotai Tondaimans (1680 – 1948 AD)
- Raghunatha Raya Tondaiman
- Vijaya Raghunatha Raya Tondaiman I
- Raya Raghunatha Tondaiman
- Vijaya Raghunatha Tondaiman
- Vijaya Raghunatha Raya Tondaiman II
- Raghunatha Tondaiman
- Ramachandra Tondaiman
- Martanda Bhairava Tondaiman
- Rajagopala Tondaiman
[Sivaganga estate] (1725 – 1947 AD)
- Muthu Vijaya Raghunatha Periyavudaya Thevar
- Muthu Vaduganatha Periyavudaya Thevar
- Velu Nachiyar
- Vellacci
- Vangam Periya Udaya Thevar
- Zamindar under British rule
Velir monarchs">Velirs">Velir monarchs
- Athiyamān
- Athiyamān Nedumān Añci
- Irunkōvēl
- Malaiyamān Thirumudi Kāri
- Malayamān
- Vaiyāvik Kōpperum Pēkan
- Vēl Pāri
- Ilanji Vel
[Palaiyakkarar]s
- Puli Thevar
- Maruthu Pandiyar
- Dheeran Chinnamalai
- Veerapandiya Kattabomman
- Oomaithurai
Others
- Emperor Perumbidugu Mutharaiyar of Mutharaiyar dynasty
- Bhuvanaikabahu VI of Kotte
- Kadava dynasty
- Alagakkonara
- Sambuvaraya
- Pandara Vanniyan of Vanni Nadu
- Akkarayan
- Magadai Mandalam
- Valvil Ori
- Sena and Guttika
- The Five Dravidians
- The Six Dravidians
- Valai Vannan.
- Vallavaraiyan Vandiyadevan was a vassal and brother-in-law of Rajaraja Chola I.