List of anarchist communities
This is a list of anarchist communities representing any society or portion thereof founded by anarchists that functions according to anarchist philosophy and principles. Anarchists have been involved in a wide variety of community experiments since the 19th century. There are numerous instances in which a community organizes itself along philosophically anarchist lines to promote regional anarchist movements, counter-economics and countercultures. These have included intentional communities founded by anarchists as social experiments and community oriented projects, such as collective organizations and cooperative businesses. There are also several instances of mass society "anarchies" that have come about from explicitly anarchist revolutions, including Collinsville Oklahoma and the Free Territory of Ukraine and the Shinmin autonomous region in Manchuria.
Mass societies
Active societies
Society | Since | Duration | Ideology | Ref. | |
Sarvodaya Shramadana Movement | 1958 | Buddhism, Gandhism | |||
Exarcheia | 1973 | Anarchism, Socialism | |||
Federation of Neighborhood Councils-El Alto | 1979 | Direct Democracy, Indigenismo | |||
Marinaleda | 1979 | Libertarian communism | |||
Popular Indigenous Council of Oaxaca "Ricardo Flores Magón" | 1980s | Indigenismo, Magonism | |||
Puerto Real | 1987 | Anarcho-syndicalism | |||
Spezzano Albanese | 1992 | Libertarian socialism | |||
Rebel Zapatista Autonomous Municipalities | 1994 | Neozapatismo | |||
Barcelona's Squatters Movement | 2000 | Anarchism, Autonomism | |||
Barbacha | 2001 | Berberism, Kabylism | |||
Abahlali baseMjondolo | 2005 | Anarchism, Autonomism | |||
Villa de Zaachila | 2006 | Indigenismo, Magonism | |||
Zone to Defend | 2009 | Green anarchism | |||
Cherán | 2011 | Direct Democracy, Indigenismo | |||
Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria | 2012 | Democratic Confederalism |
Past societies
Society | From | Until | Duration | Ideology | Ref. | |
Essenes | 150 BCE | 66 CE | Judaism | |||
Yellow Turban Rebellion | February 184 | 205 | Way of the Taiping | |||
Kharijite Rebellions | 28 July 657 | March 896 | Kharijism | |||
Frisian freedom | 800 | 1523 | Antifeudalism | |||
Icelandic Commonwealth | 930 | 1262 | Direct Democracy | |||
Peasants' Revolt | 30 May 1381 | November 1381 | Antifeudalism | |||
Taborites | 25 March 1420 | 1452 | Radical Hussitism | |||
Republic of Cospaia | 29 June 1440 | 5 May 1826 | Republicanism | |||
German Peasants' Revolt | 1524 | September 1525 | Radical Reformism | |||
Münster rebellion | February 1534 | 24 June 1535 | Anabaptism | |||
Golden Age of Piracy | October 1650 | 12 July 1726 | Piracy | |||
South Carolina Commune | 4 February 1868 | 10 March 1874 | Civil rights | |||
Paris Commune | 18 March 1871 | 28 May 1871 | Revolutionary socialism | |||
Cantonal rebellion | 12 July 1873 | 12 January 1874 | Cantonalism, Mutualism | |||
Strandzha Commune | 18 August 1903 | 8 September 1903 | Anarcho-communism | |||
Baja Rebellion | 29 January 1911 | 22 June 1911 | Magonism | |||
Morelos Commune | 1913 | 1917 | Zapatismo | |||
Soviet Republic of Naissaar | 17 December 1917 | 26 February 1918 | Anarcho-syndicalism | |||
Odessa Soviet Republic | 17 January 1918 | 13 March 1918 | Revolutionary Socialism | |||
Free Territory | 27 November 1918 | 28 August 1921 | Anarcho-communism, Platformism | |||
Bremen Soviet Republic | 10 January 1919 | 4 February 1919 | Revolutionary Socialism | |||
Bavarian Soviet Republic | 12 April 1919 | 3 May 1919 | Revolutionary Socialism | |||
Limerick Soviet | 15 April 1919 | 27 April 1919 | Revolutionary Socialism | |||
Patagonia Rebelde | August 1920 | February 1922 | Anarcho-syndicalism | |||
Tambov Rebellion | 19 August 1920 | 12 June 1921 | Agrarian socialism | |||
Kronstadt Rebellion | 7 March 1921 | 17 March 1921 | Anarcho-syndicalism | |||
Guangzhou City Commune | 2 April 1921 | 13 December 1927 | Anarchism | |||
Shinmin Prefecture | August 1929 | September 1931 | Anarcho-communism | |||
Revolutionary Catalonia | 21 July 1936 | 10 February 1939 | Anarcho-syndicalism | |||
Sovereign Council of Asturias and León | 6 September 1936 | 21 October 1937 | Libertarian socialism | |||
Regional Defence Council of Aragon | 6 October 1936 | 11 August 1937 | Anarcho-communism | |||
People's Republic of Korea | 12 September 1945 | 8 February 1946 | Direct Democracy | |||
Saigon Commune | 23 September 1945 | 13 January 1946 | Anti-imperialism | |||
Shanghai People's Commune | 5 January 1967 | 24 February 1967 | Revolutionary Socialism | |||
Argentinian Horizontalidad | 13 December 2001 | 25 May 2003 | Autonomism, Participatory Economics | |||
Oaxaca City | 14 June 2006 | 27 November 2006 | Direct Democracy, Magonism | |||
Symphony Way | February 2008 | 19 October 2009 | Anti-authoritarianism | |||
15M Movement | 15 May 2011 | 11 April 2015 | Anti-austerity, Direct Democracy | |||
Gezi Park Commune | 27 May 2013 | 20 August 2013 | Anti-authoritarianism |
Indigenous societies
Society | Provisioning system | Homeland | Ref. | |
Aboriginal Australians | Various | Australia | ||
Amazigh | Agricultural | Maghreb | ||
Andamanese | Hunter-gatherer | Andaman Islands | ||
Anga | Horticultural | Jos Plateau | ||
Anuak | Horticultural | Anuak Zone, Gambela | ||
Bassa | Subsistence agriculture | Bassaland | ||
Berom | Subsistence agriculture | Jos Plateau | ||
Birifor | Volta | |||
Bobo | Subsistence agriculture | Bobo-Dioulasso | ||
Cherokee | Hunter-gatherer | Cherokee Nation | ||
Croatan | Subsistence agriculture | Croatan Sound | ||
Dan | Agricultural | Man | ||
Dayak | Agricultural | Borneo | ||
Dogon | Subsistence agriculture | Dogon country | ||
Ekoi | Horticultural | Ekoi land | ||
Gagu | Pastoral agriculture | |||
Grebo | Grebo land | |||
Hopi | Agricultural | Hopi Nation | ||
Ibibio | Horticultural | Akwa Ibom | ||
Idoma | Hunter-gatherer | Benue | ||
Ifugao | Horticultural | Ifugao | ||
Igbo | Horticultural | Igboland | ||
Ijaw | Horticultural | Niger Delta | ||
Inuit | Hunter-gatherer | Arctic | ||
Kissi | Subsistence agriculture | Guinea Highlands | ||
Konkomba | Horticultural | Northern Ghana | ||
Kru | Fishing | Grand Kru County | ||
Kusasi | Kasaug Traditional Area | |||
Lugbara | Subsistence agriculture | West Nile | ||
Mamprusi | East Mamprusi | |||
Mano | Horticultural | Nimba County | ||
Mapuche | Pastoral agriculture | Araucanía | ||
Maragoli | Vihiga County | |||
Mbuti | Hunter-gatherer | Ituri Rainforest | ||
Niitsitapi | Hunter-gatherer | Blackfeet Nation | ||
Nubian | Agricultural | Nubia | ||
Nuer | Pastoralism | Nuer Zone, Gambela | ||
Pequot | Eastern Pequot Tribal Nation | |||
Piaroa | Subsistence agriculture | Orinoco | ||
Puliklah | Hunter-gatherer | Yurok Indian Reservation | ||
Tallensi | Horticultural | Tallensi Traditional Area | ||
Plateau Tonga | Subsistence agriculture | Binga | ||
Quinnipiac | Hunter-gatherer | Quinnipiac River | ||
Sami | Pastoralism | Sápmi | ||
San | Hunter-gatherer | Central Kalahari | ||
Santals | Agricultural | Jharkhand | ||
Semai | Subsistence agriculture | Perak | ||
Seminoles | Hunter-gatherer | Seminole Nation | ||
Shona | Subsistence agriculture | Mashonaland | ||
Tiv | Horticultural | Tivland | ||
Urhbo | Subsistence agriculture | Niger Delta | ||
Zomia |
Intentional communities
Active communities:Past communities:
Community projects
Active ProjectsPast Projects