List of apple cultivars


Over 7,500 cultivars of the culinary or eating apple are known. Some are extremely important economically as commercial products, though the vast majority are not suitable for mass production. In the following list, use for "eating" means that the fruit is consumed raw, rather than cooked. Cultivars used primarily for making cider are indicated. Those varieties marked have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.
This list does not include the species and varieties of apples collectively known as crab apples, which are grown primarily for ornamental purposes, though they may be used to make jelly. These are described under Malus.

Table of apples

Cider apples

s may be far too sour or bitter for fresh eating, but are used for making cider. Some apples are used for both cider and eating purposes.
apples, used for cooking, dessert, and cider
Common nameOriginFirst developed
BaldwinWilmington, Massachusetts, US
Brown SnoutHerefordshire, England
DabinettSomerset, Englandlate 19th century
Dymock RedGloucestershire, England
Ellis BitterNewton St. Cyres, Devon, England
FoxwhelpGloucestershire, England
Hagloe CrabGloucestershire, England
HangdownSomerset, England
Kingston BlackNear Taunton, Somerset, Englandlate 19th century
Newtown PippinQueens County, New York, US
RedstreakHerefordshire, England
Roxbury RussetMassachusetts, US
Slack-ma-GirdleDevon, England18th century
Stoke RedRodney Stoke, Somerset, Englandearly 20th century
StyreForest of Dean, England
Tremlett's BitterExe Valley, England
Vista BellaRutgers University, US1944
WinesapUS
WoodcockGloucestershire, England
Yeovil SourYeovil, Somerset, England

Rootstock cultivars

Selection of rootstock cultivars can be difficult: vigorous roots tend to give trees that are healthy but grow too tall to be harvested easily without careful pruning, while dwarfing rootstocks result in small trees that are easy to harvest from, but are often shorter-lived and sometimes less healthy. Most modern commercial orchards use one of the "Malling series", introduced or developed by the East Malling Research Station from the early 20th century onward. However, a great deal of work has been done recently introducing new rootstocks in Poland, the U.S., and other nations. The Polish rootstocks are often used where cold hardiness is needed. The Geneva series of rootstocks has been developed to resist important diseases such as fireblight and collar rot, as well as for high fruit productivity.