List of birds
This page lists living orders and families of birds. The links below should then lead to family accounts and hence to individual species.
The passerines alone account for well over 5,000 species. In total there are about 10,000 species of birds described worldwide, though one estimate of the real number places it at almost twice that.
Taxonomy is very fluid in the age of DNA analysis, so comments are made where appropriate, and all numbers are approximate. In particular see Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy for a very different classification.
Phylogeny
of modern bird relationships based on Jarvis, E.D. et al. with some clade names after Yuri, T. et al..[Paleognathae]
The Paleognathae, or "old jaws", are one of the two superorders recognized within the taxonomic class Aves and consist of the ratites and tinamous. The ratites are mostly large and long-legged, flightless birds, lacking a keeled sternum. Traditionally, all the ratites were place in the order Struthioniformes. However, recent genetic analysis has found that the group is not monophyletic, as it is paraphyletic with respect to the tinamous, so the ostriches are classified as the only members of the order Struthioniformes and other rattites placed in other orders.[Struthioniformes]
Africa; 2 species- Struthionidae: ostrich
[Notopalaeognathae]
[Rheiformes]
South America; 2 species- †Opisthodactylidae
- Rheidae: rheas
[Casuariiformes]
- Casuariidae: cassowaries and emu
[Apterygiformes]
- Apterygidae: kiwis
[Aepyornithiformes]
- †Aepyornithidae: elephant birds
[Dinornithiformes]
- †Megalapteryidae: upland moas
- †Dinornithidae: great moas
- †Emeidae: lesser moas
[Tinamiformes]
- Tinamidae: tinamous
[Neognathae]
[Galloanserae]
[Galliformes]
Worldwide; 250 species- †Sylviornithidae
- Megapodii
- * Megapodidae: megapodes
- Craci
- * Cracidae: chachalacas, curassows, and guans
- Phasiani
- * Numidioidea
- ** Numididae: guineafowl
- * Phasianoidea: pheasants and allies
- ** Odontophoridae: New World quail
- ** Phasianidae: pheasants and relatives
[Gastornithiformes]
- †Gastornithidae
- †Dromornithidae: mihirungs
[Anseriformes]
- Anhimidae: screamers
- Anseranatidae: magpie-goose
- Anatidae: ducks, geese, and swans
[Mirandornithes]
[Podicipediformes]
Worldwide; 19 species- Podicipedidae: grebes
[Phoenicopteriformes]
- †Palaelodidae: swimming flamingos
- Phoenicopteridae: flamingos
[Columbimorphae]
[Columbiformes]
Worldwide; 300 species- Columbidae: pigeons and doves
[Pterocliformes]
- Pteroclidae: sandgrouse
[Mesitornithiformes]
- Mesitornithidae: mesites
[Cypselomorphae]
[Caprimulgiformes]
Worldwide; 500 species- Caprimulgidae: nightjars
- Steatornithidae: oilbird
- Nyctibiidae: potoos
- Podargidae: frogmouths
- Daedalornithes
- * Aegothelidae: owlet-nightjars
- * Hemiprocnidae: treeswifts
- * Apodidae: swifts
- * Trochilidae: hummingbirds
[Otidimorphae]
[Cuculiformes]
Worldwide; 126 species- Cuculidae: cuckoos and relatives
[Musophagiformes]
- Musophagidae: turacos and relatives
[Otidiformes]
- Otididae: bustards
[Gruae]
[Opisthocomiformes]
South America; 1 species- Opisthocomidae: hoatzin
[Gruiformes]
- Grui: cranes and allies
- * Gruidae: cranes
- * Aramidae: limpkin
- * Psophiidae: trumpeters
- Ralli: rails and allies
- * †Aptornithidae: adzebills
- * Heliornithidae: finfoots
- * Sarothruridae: flufftails
- * Rallidae: rails and relatives
[Charadriiformes]
- Charadrii
- * Chionida: thick-knees and allies
- ** Burhinidae: thick-knees and relatives
- ** Chionididae: sheathbills
- ** Pluvianellidae: Magellanic plover
- * Charadriida: plover-like waders
- ** Pluvialidae: golden plovers
- ** Ibidorhynchidae: ibisbill
- ** Haematopodidae: oystercatchers
- ** Recurvirostridae: avocets and stilts
- ** Charadriidae: plovers and lapwings
- Scolopaci
- * Jacanida: jacana-like waders
- **Rostratulidae: painted snipes
- **Pluvianidae: Egyptian plover
- ** Jacanidae: jacanas
- ** Thinocoridae: seedsnipes
- **Pedionomidae: plains-wanderer
- * Scolopacida
- ** Scolopacidae: sandpipers and relatives
- Lari
- * Turnicida
- ** Turnicidae: buttonquail
- * Larida: gulls and allies
- ** Glareolidae: coursers and pratincoles
- ** Dromadidae: crab-plover
- ** Stercorariidae: skuas and jaegers
- ** Alcidae: auks and puffins
- ** Laridae: gulls, skimmers and terns
[Phaethontimorphae]
[Eurypygiformes]
Neotropics and New Caledonia; 2 species- Rhynochetidae: kagu
- Eurypygidae: sunbittern
[Phaethontiformes]
- Phaethontidae: tropicbirds
[Aequornithes]
[Gaviiformes]
North America, Eurasia; 5 species- Gaviidae: loons
[Sphenisciformes]
- Spheniscidae: penguins
[Procellariiformes]
- Diomedeidae: albatrosses
- Oceanitidae: austral storm petrels
- Hydrobatidae: northern storm petrels
- Procellariidae: petrels and relatives
[Ciconiiformes]
- Ciconiidae: storks
[Suliformes]
- Fregatae
- * Fregatidae: frigatebirds
- Sulae
- * Sulidae: boobies and gannets
- * Anhingidae: darters
- * Phalacrocoracidae: cormorants and shags
[Pelecaniformes]
- Threskiornithes
- * Threskiornithidae: ibises and spoonbills
- Pelecani
- * Scopidae: hamerkop
- * Balaenicipitidae: shoebill
- * Pelecanidae: pelicans
- Ardeae
- * Ardeidae: herons and relatives
[Afroaves]
[Accipitriformes]
Worldwide; 200 species- Cathartae
- * Cathartidae: New World vultures
- Accipitres
- * Sagittariidae: secretarybird
- * Pandionidae: osprey
- * Accipitridae: hawks, eagles, buzzards, harriers, kites and Old World vultures
[Strigiformes]
- Tytonidae: barn owls
- Strigidae: true owls
[Coliiformes]
- Coliidae: mousebirds
[Leptosomiformes]
- Leptosomidae: cuckoo-roller
[Trogoniformes]
- Trogonidae: trogons and quetzals
[Bucerotiformes]
- Buceroidea
- * Bucerotidae: hornbills
- Upupoidea
- * Upupidae: hoopoe
- * Phoeniculidae: woodhoopoes
[Coraciiformes]
- Meropi
- * Meropidae: bee-eaters
- Coracii
- * Coraciidae: rollers
- * Brachypteraciidae: ground rollers
- Coracii
- *Todidae: todies
- * Momotidae: motmots
- * Alcedinidae: kingfishers
[Piciformes]
Worldwide except Australasia; 400 species- Galbuli
- * Galbulidae: jacamars
- * Bucconidae: puffbirds
- Pici
- * Lybiidae: African barbets
- * Megalaimidae: Asian barbets
- * Ramphastidae: toucans
- * Semnornithidae: toucan barbets
- * Capitonidae: American barbets
- * Picidae: woodpeckers
- * Indicatoridae: honeyguides
[Australaves]
[Cariamiformes]
South America; 2 species- Cariamidae: seriemas
[Falconiformes]
- Falconidae: falcons and relatives
[Psittaciformes]
- Strigopoidea
- * Strigopidae: kakapo, kea and kakas
- Cacatuoidea
- * Cacatuidae: cockatoos
- Psittacoidea
- * Psittacidae: African and American parrots
- * Psittaculidae: Australasian parrots, Pesquet's parrot, vasa parrots
[Passeriformes]
- Acanthisitti
- * Acanthisittidae: New Zealand wrens
- Tyranni: suboscines
- * Eurylaimides: Old World suboscines
- ** Sapayoidae: sapayoa
- ** Calyptomenidae: Calyptomenid broadbills
- ** Pittidae: pittas
- ** Eurylaimidae: broadbills
- ** Philepittidae: asities
- * Tyrannides: New World suboscines
- ** Tyrannida: bronchophones
- *** Pipridae: manakins
- *** Cotingidae: cotingas
- *** Oxyruncidae: sharpbills
- *** Onychorhynchidae: royal flycatchers and allies
- *** Tityridae: becards and tityras
- *** Pipritidae: pipriteses
- *** Platyrinchidae: spadebills
- *** Tachurididae: many-colored rush tyrants
- *** Rhynchocyclidae: mionectine flycatchers
- *** Tyrannidae: tyrant flycatchers
- ** Furnariida: tracheophones
- *** Melanopareiidae: crescent-chests
- *** Conopophagidae: gnateaters
- *** Thamnophilidae: antbirds
- *** Grallariidae: antpittas
- *** Rhinocryptidae tapaculos
- *** Formicariidae: ground antbirds
- *** Furnariidae: ovenbirds
- Passeri: oscines
- * Menurides
- ** Atrichornithidae: scrub-birds
- ** Menuridae: lyrebirds
- * Climacterides
- ** Ptilonorhynchidae: bowerbirds
- ** Climacteridae: Australasian treecreepers
- * Meliphagides
- ** Maluridae: Australasian wrens
- ** Dasyornithidae: bristlebirds
- ** Pardalotidae: gerygones and allies
- ** Meliphagidae: honeyeaters and relatives
- * Orthonychides
- ** Pomatostomidae: Australasian babblers
- ** Orthonychidae: logrunners
- * Corvides
- ** Cinclosomatoidea
- *** Cinclosomatidae: quail-thrushes and jewel-babblers
- ** Campephagoidea
- *** Campephagidae: cuckoo-shrikes
- ** Mohouoidea
- *** Mohouidae: whitehead and allies
- ** Neosittoidea
- *** Neosittidae: sittellas
- ** Orioloidea
- *** Eulacestomidae: wattled ploughbills
- *** Psophodidae: whipbirds and quail-thrushes
- *** Oreoicidae: Australo-Papuan bellbirds
- *** Falcunculidae: crested shriketits
- *** Paramythiidae: painted berrypeckers
- *** Pteruthiidae: shrike-babblers
- *** Vireonidae: vireos and relatives
- *** Pachycephalidae: whistlers and relatives
- *** Oriolidae: Old World orioles
- ** Malaconotoidea
- *** Machaerirhynchidae: boatbills
- *** Artamidae: woodswallows and butcherbirds
- *** Rhagologidae: mottled berryhunter
- *** Aegithinidae: ioras
- *** Pityriaseidae: bristlehead
- *** Malaconotidae: bushshrikes and relatives
- *** Platysteiridae: wattle-eyes and batises
- *** Vangidae: vangas
- ** Corvoidea
- *** Rhipiduridae: fantails
- *** Lamproliidae: silktail, drongo fantail
- *** Dicruridae: drongos
- *** Ifritidae: blue-capped ifrits
- *** Melampittidae: melampittas
- *** Corcoracidae: Australian mudnesters
- *** Paradisaeidae: birds-of-paradise
- *** Monarchidae: monarch flycatchers
- *** Laniidae: shrikes
- *** Corvidae: jays and crows
- * Passerides
- ** Melanocharitida
- *** Melanocharitidae: berrypeckers
- ** Cnemophilida
- *** Cnemophilidae: satinbirds
- ** Petroicida
- *** Petroicidae: Australasian robins
- *** Notiomystidae: stitchbird
- *** Callaeidae: wattlebirds
- ** Eupetida
- *** Picathartidae: rockfowl
- *** Chaetopidae: rock-jumpers
- *** Eupetidae: rail-babbler
- ** Sylviida
- *** Paroidea
- **** Stenostiridae: fairy warblers
- **** Hyliotidae: hyliotas
- **** Remizidae: penduline tits
- **** Paridae: chickadees and true tits
- *** Alaudoidea
- **** Nicatoridae: nicators
- **** Panuridae: bearded reedling
- **** Alaudidae: larks
- *** Macrosphenidae: African warblers
- *** Locustelloidea
- **** Cisticolidae: cisticolas and relatives
- **** Acrocephalidae: marsh warblers
- **** Pnoepygidae: pygmy wren-babblers
- **** Locustellidae: grass warblers
- **** Donacobiidae: donacobius
- **** Bernieridae: Malagasy warblers
- *** Hirundinidae: swallows and martins
- *** Pycnonotidae: bulbuls
- *** Aegithaloidea
- **** Phylloscopidae: leaf warblers
- **** Cettiidae: bush warblers
- **** Hyliidae: hylias
- **** Aegithalidae: bushtits
- *** Sylvioidea
- **** Sylviidae: true warblers
- **** Paradoxornithidae: parrotbills, fulvettas
- **** Zosteropidae: white-eyes
- **** Timaliidae: babblers and relatives
- **** Pellorneidae: fulvettas, ground babblers
- **** Leiothrichidae: laughing thrushes
- ** Muscicapida
- *** Reguloidea
- **** Regulidae: kinglets
- *** Bombycilloidea
- **** Elachuridae: spotted wren-babblers
- **** †Mohoidae: Hawaiian honeyeaters
- **** Ptiliogonatidae: silky-flycatchers
- **** Bombycillidae: waxwings
- **** Dulidae: palmchat
- **** Hypocoliidae: hypocolius
- *** Certhioidea
- **** Tichodromidae: wallcreeper
- **** Sittidae: nuthatches
- **** Certhiidae: treecreepers
- **** Troglodytidae: wrens
- **** Polioptilidae: gnatcatchers
- *** Muscicapoidea
- **** Cinclidae: dippers
- **** Turdidae: thrushes and relatives
- **** Muscicapidae: flycatchers and relatives
- **** Buphagidae: oxpeckers
- **** Mimidae: mockingbirds and thrashers
- **** Sturnidae: starlings and mynas
- ** Passerida
- *** Promeropidae: sugarbirds
- *** Arcanatoridae: dapplethroat and allies
- *** Dicaeidae: flowerpeckers
- *** Nectariniidae: sunbirds
- *** Irenidae: fairy-bluebirds
- *** Chloropseidae: leafbirds
- *** Peucedramidae: olive warbler
- *** Prunellidae: accentors
- *** Ploceoidea
- **** Urocynchramidae: pink-tailed bunting
- **** Ploceidae: weavers and relatives
- **** Viduidae: whydahs and indigobirds
- **** Estrildidae: weaver finches
- *** Passerid clade
- **** Passeridae: Old World sparrows
- **** Motacillidae: wagtails and pipits
- **** Fringillidae: finches and relatives
- **** Calcariidae: longspurs, snow buntings
- **** Rhodinocichlidae: rosy thrush-tanagers
- **** Emberizidae: Old World buntings and New World sparrows
- **** Passerellidae: American sparrows
- **** Phaenicophilidae: palm-tanager and allies
- **** Icteridae: New World blackbirds and New World orioles
- **** Teretistridae: Cuban warblers
- **** Parulidae: wood warblers
- **** Mitrospingidae
- **** Cardinalidae: cardinals, grosbeaks, and New World buntings
- **** Thraupidae: tanagers and relatives