List of birds of Portugal


This is a list of the bird species recorded in Portugal. The avifauna of mainland Portugal include a total of 466 species recorded in the wild according to Sociedade Portuguesa para o Estudo das Aves, Portuguese Society for the Study of Birds. An additional 151 species have been recorded on the mainland and in the Azores and Madeira islands by Bird Checklists of the World. Of the 618 species listed here, 284 are accidental and 17 have been introduced by humans. Three are endemic to islands, one is extinct, and six have been extirpated. Of the 618, 137 have been recorded only in one or both of the Azores and Madeiras.
This list's taxonomic treatment and nomenclature are those of The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World, 2019 edition.
The following tags have been used to highlight some categories of occurrence. The and tags are from Bird Checklists of the World. The and tags are from SPEA. The notes of population status such as "endangered" apply to the world population and are also from Bird Checklists of the World.

Ducks, geese, and waterfowl

Order: AnseriformesFamily: Anatidae
Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These birds are adapted to an aquatic existence with webbed feet, flattened bills, and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to an oily coating.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Fulvous whistling-duckDendrocygna bicolor
Snow gooseAnser caerulescens Azores only
Bar-headed gooseAnser indicus
Graylag gooseAnser anser
Greater white-fronted gooseAnser albifrons
Taiga bean-gooseAnser fabalis
Tundra bean-gooseAnser serrirostris
Pink-footed gooseAnser brachyrhynchus
BrantBranta bernicla
Barnacle gooseBranta leucopsis
Canada gooseBranta canadensis
Mute swanCygnus olor
Tundra swanCygnus columbianus
Whooper swanCygnus cygnus
Egyptian gooseAlopochen aegyptiaca
Ruddy shelduckTadorna ferruginea
Common shelduckTadorna tadorna
Muscovy duckCairina moschata Madieras only
Wood duckAix sponsa Azores only
GarganeySpatula querquedula
Blue-winged tealSpatula discors
Northern shovelerSpatula clypeata
GadwallMareca strepera
Falcated duckMareca falcata near threatened
Eurasian wigeonMareca penelope
American wigeonMareca americana
MallardAnas platyrhynchos
American black duckAnas rubripesAzores only
Northern pintailAnas acuta
Green-winged tealAnas crecca
Marbled tealMarmaronetta angustirostris vulnerable
Red-crested pochardNetta rufina
Common pochardAythya ferinavulnerable
Ring-necked duckAythya collaris
Ferruginous duckAythya nyrocanear threatened
Tufted duckAythya fuligula
Greater scaupAythya marila
Lesser scaupAythya affinis
King eiderSomateria spectabilis Azores only
Common eiderSomateria mollissima near threatened
Surf scoterMelanitta perspicillata
Velvet scoterMelanitta fusca
Common scoterMelanitta nigra
Long-tailed duckClangula hyemalis vulnerable
BuffleheadBucephala albeola
Common goldeneyeBucephala clangula
SmewMergellus albellus
Hooded merganserLophodytes cucullatus Azores only
Common merganserMergus merganser
Red-breasted merganserMergus serrator
Ruddy duckOxyura jamaicensis
White-headed duckOxyura leucocephalaendangered

Pheasants, grouse, and allies

Order: GalliformesFamily: Phasianidae
The Phasianidae are a family of terrestrial birds. In general, they are plump and have broad, relatively short wings.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Common quailCoturnix coturnix
Red-legged partridgeAlectoris rufa
Ring-necked pheasantPhasianus colchicus
Gray partridgePerdix perdixextirpated
Western capercaillieTetrao urogallusextirpated

Flamingos

Order: PhoenicopteriformesFamily: Phoenicopteridae
Flamingos are gregarious wading birds, usually tall, found in both the Western and eastern Hemispheres. Flamingos filter-feed on shellfish and algae. Their oddly shaped beaks are specially adapted to separate mud and silt from the food they consume and, uniquely, are used upside-down.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Greater flamingoPhoenicopterus roseus
Lesser flamingoPhoeniconaias minor near threatened

Grebes

Order: PodicipediformesFamily: Podicipedidae
Grebes are small to medium-large freshwater diving birds. They have lobed toes and are excellent swimmers and divers. However, they have their feet placed far back on the body, making them quite ungainly on land.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Little grebeTachybaptus ruficollis
Pied-billed grebePodilymbus podiceps
Horned grebePodiceps auritus
Red-necked grebePodiceps grisegena Azores only
Great crested grebePodiceps cristatus
Eared grebePodiceps nigricollis

Pigeons and doves

Order: ColumbiformesFamily: Columbidae
Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Rock pigeonColumba livia
Stock doveColumba oenas
Common wood-pigeonColumba palumbus
Trocaz pigeonColumba trocazEndemic to the island of Madeira
European turtle-doveStreptopelia turturvulnerable
Eurasian collared-doveStreptopelia decaocto
Laughing doveSpilopelia senegalensis
Zenaida doveZenaida aurita Azores only
Mourning doveZenaida macroura Azores only

Sandgrouse

Order: PterocliformesFamily: Pteroclidae
Sandgrouse have small, pigeon like heads and necks, but sturdy compact bodies. They have long pointed wings and sometimes tails and a fast direct flight. Flocks fly to watering holes at dawn and dusk. Their legs are feathered down to the toes.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Pin-tailed sandgrousePterocles alchata
Black-bellied sandgrousePterocles orientalis

Bustards

Order: OtidiformesFamily: Otididae
Bustards are large terrestrial birds mainly associated with dry open country and steppes in the Old World. They are omnivorous and nest on the ground. They walk steadily on strong legs and big toes, pecking for food as they go. They have long broad wings with "fingered" wingtips and striking patterns in flight. Many have interesting mating displays.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Great bustardOtis tardaVulnerable
Little bustardTetrax tetraxnear threatened

Cuckoos

Order: CuculiformesFamily: Cuculidae
The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners and anis. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails and strong legs. The Old World cuckoos are brood parasites.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Great spotted cuckooClamator glandarius
Black-billed cuckooCoccyzus erythropthalmus Azores only
Yellow-billed cuckooCoccyzus americanu Azores only
Common cuckooCuculus canorus

Nightjars and allies

Order: CaprimulgiformesFamily: Caprimulgidae
Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds that usually nest on the ground. They have long wings, short legs and very short bills. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is camouflaged to resemble bark or leaves.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Common nighthawkChordeiles minor Azores and Madeiras only
Red-necked nightjarCaprimulgus ruficollis
European nightjarCaprimulgus europaeus

Swifts

Order: CaprimulgiformesFamily: Apodidae
Swifts are small birds which spend the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings which resemble a crescent or boomerang.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Chimney swiftChaetura pelagica vulnerable
Alpine swiftApus melba
Common swiftApus apus
Pallid swiftApus pallidus
Little swiftApus affinis
Plain swiftApus unicolorMadeiras only
White-rumped swiftApus caffer

Rails, gallinules, and coots

Order: GruiformesFamily: Rallidae
Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots and gallinules. Typically they inhabit dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, making them difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs and long toes which are well adapted to soft uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and to be weak fliers.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Water railRallus aquaticusAzores and Madeiras only
Corn crakeCrex crex
SoraPorzana carolina
Spotted crakePorzana porzana
Eurasian moorhenGallinula chloropus
Lesser moorhenGallinula angulata
Eurasian cootFulica atra
Red-knobbed cootFulica cristata
American cootFulica americana
Allen's gallinulePorphyrio alleni
Purple gallinulePorphyrio martinica
Western swamphenPorphyrio porphyrio
Little crakeZapornia parva
Baillon's crakeZapornia pusilla

Cranes

Order: GruiformesFamily: Gruidae
Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays or "dances".
Common nameBinomialStatus
Demoiselle craneAnthropoides virgo
Sandhill craneAntigone canadensis Azores only
Common craneGrus grus

Thick-knees

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Burhinidae
The thick-knees are a group of largely tropical waders in the family Burhinidae. They are found worldwide within the tropical zone, with some species also breeding in temperate Europe and Australia. They are medium to large waders with strong black or yellow-black bills, large yellow eyes and cryptic plumage. Despite being classed as waders, most species have a preference for arid or semi-arid habitats.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Eurasian thick-kneeBurhinus oedicnemus

Stilts and avocets

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Recurvirostridae
Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds, which includes the avocets and stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Black-winged stiltHimantopus himantopus
Pied avocetRecurvirostra avosetta

Oystercatchers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Haematopodidae
The oystercatchers are large and noisy plover-like birds, with strong bills used for smashing or prising open molluscs.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Eurasian oystercatcherHaematopus ostralegus
Canarian oystercatcherHaematopus meadewaldoiMadeiras only, extinct

Plovers and lapwings

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Charadriidae
The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Black-bellied ploverPluvialis squatarola
European golden-ploverPluvialis apricaria
American golden-ploverPluvialis dominica
Pacific golden-ploverPluvialis fulva Azores and Madeiras only
Northern lapwingVanellus vanellusnear threatened
Sociable lapwingVanellus gregarius critically endangered
Lesser sand-ploverCharadrius mongolus
Caspian ploverCharadrius asiaticus Azores only
Kentish ploverCharadrius alexandrinus
Common ringed ploverCharadrius hiaticula
Semipalmated ploverCharadrius semipalmatus Azores only
Little ringed ploverCharadrius dubius
KilldeerCharadrius vociferus
Eurasian dotterelCharadrius morinellus

Sandpipers and allies

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Scolopacidae
Scolopacidae is a large diverse family of small to medium-sized shorebirds including the sandpipers, curlews, godwits, shanks, tattlers, woodcocks, snipes, dowitchers and phalaropes. The majority of these species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Variation in length of legs and bills enables multiple species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Upland sandpiperBartramia longicauda
WhimbrelNumenius phaeopus
Slender-billed curlewNumenius tenuirostris critically endangered
Eurasian curlewNumenius arquatanear threatened
Bar-tailed godwitLimosa lapponicanear threatened
Black-tailed godwitLimosa limosa near threatened
Hudsonian godwitLimosa haemastica Azores only
Ruddy turnstoneArenaria interpres
Red knotCalidris canutusnear threatened
RuffCalidris pugnax
Broad-billed sandpiperCalidris falcinellus
Sharp-tailed sandpiperCalidris acuminata
Stilt sandpiperCalidris himantopus
Curlew sandpiperCalidris ferrugineanear threatened
Temminck's stintCalidris temminckii
SanderlingCalidris alba
DunlinCalidris alpina
Purple sandpiperCalidris maritima
Baird's sandpiperCalidris bairdii
Little stintCalidris minuta
Least sandpiperCalidris minutilla Azores only
White-rumped sandpiperCalidris fuscicollis
Buff-breasted sandpiperCalidris subruficollis, near threatened
Pectoral sandpiperCalidris melanotos
Semipalmated sandpiperCalidris pusilla near threatened
Western sandpiperCalidris mauri Azores and Madeiras only
Short-billed dowitcherLimnodromus griseus Azores only
Long-billed dowitcherLimnodromus scolopaceus
Jack snipeLymnocryptes minimus
Eurasian woodcockScolopax rusticola
Great snipeGallinago media near threatened
Common snipeGallinago gallinago
Wilson's snipeGallinago delicata
Terek sandpiperXenus cinereus
Wilson's phalaropePhalaropus tricolor
Red-necked phalaropePhalaropus lobatus
Red phalaropePhalaropus fulicarius
Common sandpiperActitis hypoleucos
Spotted sandpiperActitis macularius
Green sandpiperTringa ochropus
Solitary sandpiperTringa solitaria
Gray-tailed tattlerTringa brevipes Azores only, near threatened
Spotted redshankTringa erythropus
Greater yellowlegsTringa melanoleuca
Common greenshankTringa nebularia
WilletTringa semipalmata
Lesser yellowlegsTringa flavipes
Marsh sandpiperTringa stagnatilis
Wood sandpiperTringa glareola
Common redshankTringa totanus

Buttonquail

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Turnicidae
The buttonquail are small, drab, running birds which resemble the true quails. The female is the brighter of the sexes and initiates courtship. The male incubates the eggs and tends the young.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Small buttonquailTurnix sylvaticusExtirpated

Pratincoles and coursers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Glareolidae
Glareolidae is a family of wading birds comprising the pratincoles, which have short legs, long pointed wings and long forked tails, and the coursers, which have long legs, short wings and long, pointed bills which curve downwards.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Cream-colored courserCursorius cursor
Collared pratincoleGlareola pratincola

Skuas and jaegers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Stercorariidae
The family Stercorariidae are, in general, medium to large birds, typically with grey or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. They nest on the ground in temperate and arctic regions and are long-distance migrants.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Great skuaStercorarius skua
South polar skuaStercorarius maccormicki
Pomarine jaegerStercorarius pomarinus
Parasitic jaegerStercorarius parasiticus
Long-tailed jaegerStercorarius longicaudus

Auks, murres, and puffins

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Alcidae
Auks are superficially similar to penguins due to their black-and-white colours, their upright posture and some of their habits, however they are not related to the penguins and differ in being able to fly. Auks live on the open sea, only deliberately coming ashore to nest.
Common nameBinomialStatus
DovekieAlle alle
Common murreUria aalge
Thick-billed murreUria lomvia
RazorbillAlca tordanear threatened
Black guillemotCepphus grylle
Atlantic puffinFratercula arcticavulnerable

Gulls, terns, and skimmers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Laridae
Laridae is a family of medium to large seabirds, the gulls, terns, and skimmers. Gulls are typically grey or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet. Terns are a group of generally medium to large seabirds typically with grey or white plumage, often with black markings on the head. Most terns hunt fish by diving but some pick insects off the surface of fresh water. Terns are generally long-lived birds, with several species known to live in excess of 30 years.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Black-legged kittiwakeRissa tridactylavulnerable
Ivory gullPagophila eburnea near threatened
Sabine's gullXema sabini
Slender-billed gullChroicocephalus genei
Bonaparte's gullChroicocephalus philadelphia
Black-headed gullChroicocephalus ridibundus
Little gullHydrocoloeus minutus
Ross's gullRhodostethia rosea
Laughing gullLeucophaeus atricilla
Franklin's gullLeucophaeus pipixcan
Mediterranean gullIchthyaetus melanocephalus
Pallas's gullIchthyaetus ichthyaetus Madeiras only
Audouin's gullIchthyaetus audouinii
Mew gullLarus canus
Ring-billed gullLarus delawarensis
Herring gullLarus argentatus
Yellow-legged gullLarus michahellis
Caspian gullLarus cachinnans
Iceland gullLarus glaucoides
Lesser black-backed gullLarus fuscus
Glaucous gullLarus hyperboreus
Great black-backed gullLarus marinus
Kelp gullLarus dominicanus
Brown noddyAnous stolidus Azores only
Sooty ternOnychoprion fuscatus
Bridled ternOnychoprion anaethetus Azores only
Little ternSternula albifrons
Gull-billed ternGelochelidon nilotica
Caspian ternHydroprogne caspia
Black ternChlidonias niger
White-winged ternChlidonias leucopterus
Whiskered ternChlidonias hybrida
Roseate ternSterna dougallii
Common ternSterna hirundo
Arctic ternSterna paradisaea
Forster's ternSterna forsteri
Royal ternThalasseus maximus
Sandwich ternThalasseus sandvicensis
Elegant ternThalasseus elegans near threatened
Lesser crested ternThalasseus bengalensis

Tropicbirds

Order: PhaethontiformesFamily: Phaethontidae
Tropicbirds are slender white birds of tropical oceans with exceptionally long central tail feathers. Their long wings have black markings, as does the head.
Common nameBinomialStatus
White-tailed tropicbirdPhaethon lepturus
Red-billed tropicbirdPhaeton aethereus

Loons

Order: GaviiformesFamily: Gaviidae
Loons, known as divers in Europe, are a group of aquatic birds found in many parts of North America and northern Europe. They are the size of a large duck or small goose, which they somewhat resemble when swimming, but to which they are completely unrelated.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Red-throated loonGavia stellata
Arctic loonGavia arctica
Common loonGavia immer

Albatrosses

Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Diomedeidae
The albatrosses are among the largest flying birds, with long, narrow wings for gliding. The majority are found in the Southern Hemisphere with only vagrants occurring in the North Atlantic.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Black-browed albatrossThalassarche melanophris
Wandering albatrossDiomedea exulans

Southern storm-petrels

Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Oceanitidae
Southern storm-petrels, are seabirds in the family Oceanitidae, part of the order Procellariiformes. These smallest of seabirds feed on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. Their flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Wilson's storm-petrelOceanites oceanicus
White-faced storm-petrelPelagodroma marina
Black-bellied storm-petrelFregetta tropica

Northern storm-petrels

Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Hydrobatidae
The northern storm-petrels are relatives of the petrels and are the smallest seabirds. They feed on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. The flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like.
Common nameBinomialStatus
European storm-petrelHydrobates pelagicus
Leach's storm-petrelOceanodroma leucorhoavulnerable
Swinhoe's storm-petrelOceanodroma monorhis near threatened
Band-rumped storm-petrelOceanodroma castro
Monteiro's storm-petrelOceanodroma monteiroiAzores only, vulnerable

Shearwaters and petrels

Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Procellariidae
The procellariids are the main group of medium-sized "true petrels", characterised by united nostrils with medium septum and a long outer functional primary.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Northern fulmarFulmarus glacialis
Kermadec petrelPterodroma neglecta Azores only
Trindade petrelPterodroma arminjoniana Azores only, vulnerable
Zino's petrelPterodroma Madeiras Azores and Madeiras only, endangered
Fea's petrelPterodroma feae
Bermuda petrelPterodroma cahow Azores only, endangered
Black-capped petrelPterodroma hasitata Azores and Madeiras only
Bulwer's petrelBulweria bulwerii
Cory's shearwaterCalonectis diomedea
Cape Verde shearwaterCalonectris edwardsii Madeiras only
Great shearwaterArdenna gravis
Sooty shearwaterArdenna griseus near threatened
Manx shearwaterPuffinus puffinus
Balearic shearwaterPuffinus mauretanicuscritically endangered
Barolo shearwaterPuffinus baroli

Storks

Order: CiconiiformesFamily: Ciconiidae
Storks are large, long-legged, long-necked, wading birds with long, stout bills. Storks are mute, but bill-clattering is an important mode of communication at the nest. Their nests can be large and may be reused for many years. Many species are migratory.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Black storkCiconia nigra
White storkCiconia ciconia
Marabou storkLeptoptilos crumenifer
Yellow-billed storkMycteria ibis

Frigatebirds

Order: SuliformesFamily: Fregatidae
Frigatebirds are large seabirds usually found over tropical oceans. They are large, black, or black-and-white, with long wings and deeply forked tails. The males have colored inflatable throat pouches. They do not swim or walk and cannot take off from a flat surface. Having the largest wingspan-to-body-weight ratio of any bird, they are essentially aerial, able to stay aloft for more than a week.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Magnificent frigatebirdFregata magnificens Azores only

Boobies and gannets

Order: SuliformesFamily: Sulidae
The sulids comprise the gannets and boobies. Both groups are medium to large coastal seabirds that plunge-dive for fish.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Masked boobySula dactylatra Azores only
Brown boobySula leucogaster
Red-footed boobySula sula Azores only
Northern gannetMorus bassanus
Cape gannetMorus capensis Azores only, endangered

Cormorants and shags

Order: SuliformesFamily: Phalacrocoracidae
Phalacrocoracidae is a family of medium to large coastal, fish-eating seabirds that includes cormorants and shags. Plumage colouration varies, with the majority having mainly dark plumage, some species being black-and-white and a few being colourful.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Great cormorantPhalacrocorax carbo
European shagPhalacrocorax aristotelis
Double-crested cormorantPhalacrocorax auritus Azores only

Pelicans

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Pelecanidae
Pelicans are large water birds with a distinctive pouch under their beak. As with other members of the order Pelecaniformes, they have webbed feet with four toes.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Great white pelicanPelecanus onocrotalus
Pink-backed pelicanPelecanus rufescens

Herons, egrets, and bitterns

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Ardeidae
The family Ardeidae contains the bitterns, herons and egrets. Herons and egrets are medium to large wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more wary. Members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted, unlike other long-necked birds such as storks, ibises and spoonbills.
Common nameBinomialStatus
American bitternBotaurus lentiginosus Azores only
Great bitternBotaurus stellaris
Little bitternIxobrychus minutus
Least bitternIxobrychus exilis Azores and Madeiras only
Great blue heronArdea herodias Azores only
Gray heronArdea cinerea
Purple heronArdea purpurea
Great egretArdea alba
Little egretEgretta garzetta
Western reef-heronEgretta gularis
Snowy egretEgretta thula Azores only
Little blue heronEgretta caerulea Azores only
Tricolored heronEgretta tricolor Azores only
Cattle egretBubulcus ibis
Squacco heronArdeola ralloides
Green heronButorides virescens Azores only
Black-crowned night-heronNycticorax nycticorax
Yellow-crowned night-heron Nyctanassa violacea Azores and Madeiras only

Ibises and spoonbills

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Threskiornithidae
Threskiornithidae is a family of large terrestrial and wading birds which includes the ibises and spoonbills. They have long, broad wings with 11 primary and about 20 secondary feathers. They are strong fliers and despite their size and weight, very capable soarers.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Glossy ibisPlegadis falcinellus
African sacred ibisThreskiornis aethiopicus
Northern bald ibisGeronticus eremita Azores only, endangered
Eurasian spoonbillPlatalea leucorodia

Osprey

Order: AccipitriformesFamily: Pandionidae
The family Pandionidae contains only one species, the osprey. The osprey is a medium-large raptor which is a specialist fish-eater with a worldwide distribution.
Common nameBinomialStatus
OspreyPandion haliaetus

Hawks, eagles, and kites

Order: AccipitriformesFamily: Accipitridae
Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey, which includes hawks, eagles, kites, harriers and Old World vultures. These birds have powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons and keen eyesight.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Black-winged kiteElanus caeruleus
Bearded vultureGypaetus barbatusextirpated, near threatened
Egyptian vultureNeophron percnopterusendangered
European honey-buzzardPernis apivorus
Cinereous vultureAegypius monachusnear threatened
White-backed vultureGyps africanus critically endangered
Rüppell's griffonGyps rueppelli critically endangered
Eurasian griffonGyps fulvus
Short-toed snake-eagleCircaetus gallicus
Lesser spotted eagleClanga pomarina
Greater spotted eagleClanga clanga vulnerable
Booted eagleHieraaetus pennatus
Tawny eagleAquila rapax vulnerable-
Steppe eagleAquila nipalensis endangered
Spanish eagleAquila adalbertivulnerable
Golden eagleAquila chrysaetos
Bonelli's eagleAquila fasciata
Eurasian marsh-harrierCircus aeruginosus
Hen harrierCircus cyaneus
Northern harrierCircus hudsonius Azores only
Pallid harrierCircus macrourus near threatened
Montagu's harrierCircus pygargus
Eurasian sparrowhawkAccipiter nisus
Northern goshawkAccipiter gentilis
Red kiteMilvus milvusnear threatened
Black kiteMilvus migrans
White-tailed eagleHaliaeetus albicillaextirpated
Rough-legged hawkButeo lagopus Azores only
Common buzzardButeo buteo
Long-legged buzzardButeo rufinus

Barn-owls

Order: StrigiformesFamily: Tytonidae
Barn owls are medium to large owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long strong legs with powerful talons.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Barn owlTyto alba

Owls

Order: StrigiformesFamily: Strigidae
The typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Eurasian scops-owlOtus scops
Eurasian eagle-owlBubo bubo
Snowy owlBubo scandiacus Azores only, vulnerable
Little owlAthene noctua
Tawny owlStrix aluco
Long-eared owlAsio otus
Short-eared owlAsio flammeus
Marsh owlAsio capensis

Hoopoes

Order: BucerotiformesFamily: Upupidae
Hoopoes have black, white and orangey-pink colouring with a large erectile crest on their head.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Eurasian hoopoeUpupa epops

Kingfishers

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Alcedinidae
Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long, pointed bills, short legs and stubby tails.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Common kingfisherAlcedo atthis
Belted kingfisherCeryle alcyon Azores only

Bee-eaters

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Meropidae
The bee-eaters are a group of near passerine birds in the family Meropidae. Most species are found in Africa but others occur in southern Europe, Madagascar, Australia and New Guinea. They are characterised by richly coloured plumage, slender bodies and usually elongated central tail feathers. All are colourful and have long downturned bills and pointed wings, which give them a swallow-like appearance when seen from afar.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Blue-cheeked bee-eaterMerops persicus
European bee-eaterMerops apiaster

Rollers

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Coraciidae
Rollers resemble crows in size and build, but are more closely related to the kingfishers and bee-eaters. They share the colourful appearance of those groups with blues and browns predominating. The two inner front toes are connected, but the outer toe is not.
Common nameBinomialStatus
European rollerCoracias garrulus

Woodpeckers

Order: PiciformesFamily: Picidae
Woodpeckers are small to medium-sized birds with chisel-like beaks, short legs, stiff tails and long tongues used for capturing insects. Some species have feet with two toes pointing forward and two backward, while several species have only three toes. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Eurasian wryneckJynx torquilla
Yellow-bellied sapsuckerSphyrapicus varius Azores only
Middle spotted woodpeckerDryobates medius
Great spotted woodpeckerDendrocopos major
Lesser spotted woodpeckerDendrocopos minor
Iberian green woodpeckerPicus sharpei
Northern flickerColaptes auratus Azores only

Falcons and caracaras

Order: FalconiformesFamily: Falconidae
Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey. They differ from hawks, eagles and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their talons.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Lesser kestrelFalco naumanni
Eurasian kestrelFalco tinnunculus
American kestrelFalco sparverius Azores only
Red-footed falconFalco vespertinusnear threatened
Amur falconFalco amurensis Azores only
Eleonora's falconFalco eleonorae
MerlinFalco columbarius
Eurasian hobbyFalco subbuteo
Lanner falconFalco biarmicus
Saker falconFalco cherrug endangered
GyrfalconFalco rusticolus
Peregrine falconFalco peregrinus

Cockatoos

Order: PsittaciformesFamily: Cacatuidae
The cockatoos share many features with other parrots including the characteristic curved beak shape and a zygodactyl foot, with two forward toes and two backwards toes. They differ, however in a number of characteristics, including the often spectacular movable headcrest.
Common nameBinomialStatus
CockatielNymphicus hollandicus

Old World parrots

Order: PsittaciformesFamily: Psittaculidae
Characteristic features of parrots include a strong curved bill, an upright stance, strong legs, and clawed zygodactyl feet. Many parrots are vividly coloured, and some are multi-coloured. In size they range from to in length. Old World parrots are found from Africa east across south and southeast Asia and Oceania to Australia and New Zealand.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Rose-ringed parakeetPsittacula krameri

African and New World parrots

Order: PsittaciformesFamily: Psittacidae
These species have established itself after being introduced by humans.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Senegal parrotPoicephalus senegalus
Monk parakeetMyiopsitta monachus
Blue-crowned parakeetThectocercus acuticaudatus

Tyrant flycatchers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Tyrannidae
Tyrant flycatchers are Passerine birds which occur throughout North and South America. They superficially resemble the Old World flycatchers, but are more robust and have stronger bills. They do not have the sophisticated vocal capabilities of the songbirds. Most, but not all, are rather plain. As the name implies, most are insectivorous.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Eastern wood-peweeContopus virens Azores only
Western kingbirdTyrannus verticalis Azores only

Vireos, shrike-babblers, and erpornis

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Vireonidae
The vireos are a group of small to medium-sized passerine birds restricted to the New World and Southeast Asia.
Common nameBinomialStatus
White-eyed vireoVireo griseus Azores only
Yellow-throated vireoVireo flavifrons Azores only
Philadelphia vireoVireo philadelphicus Azores only
Red-eyed vireoVireo olivaceus Azores only

Old World orioles

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Oriolidae
The Old World orioles are colourful passerine birds. They are not related to the New World orioles.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Eurasian golden orioleOriolus oriolus

Shrikes

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Laniidae
Shrikes are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns. A shrike's beak is hooked, like that of a typical bird of prey.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Red-backed shrikeLanius collurio
Red-tailed shrikeLanius phoenicuroides
Northern shrikeLanius borealis Azores only
Iberian gray shrikeLanius meridionalis
Great gray shrikeLanius excubitor
Lesser gray shrikeLanius minor
Woodchat shrikeLanius senator

Crows, jays, and magpies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Corvidae
The family Corvidae includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size among the Passeriformes, and some of the larger species show high levels of intelligence.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Eurasian jayGarrulus glandarius
Iberian magpieCyanopica cooki
Eurasian magpiePica pica
Eurasian nutcrackerNucifraga caryocatactes
Red-billed choughPyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Eurasian jackdawCorvus monedula
RookCorvus frugilegus
Carrion crowCorvus corone
Hooded crowCorvus cornix
Pied crowCorvus albus
Common ravenCorvus corax
Brown-necked ravenCorvus ruficollis

Tits, chickadees, and titmice

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Paridae
The Paridae are mainly small stocky woodland species with short stout bills. Some have crests. They are adaptable birds, with a mixed diet including seeds and insects.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Coal titPeriparus ater
Crested titLophophanes cristatus
Marsh titPoecile palustris
Eurasian blue titCyanistes caeruleus
Great titParus major

Penduline-tits

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Remizidae
The penduline-tits are a group of small passerine birds related to the true tits. They are insectivores.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Eurasian penduline-titRemiz pendulinus

Larks

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Alaudidae
Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. Their food is insects and seeds.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Greater short-toed larkCalandrella brachydactyla
Calandra larkMelanocorypha calandra
Dupont's larkChersophilus dupontiextirpated
Lesser short-toed larkAlaudala rufescens
Wood larkLullula arborea
Eurasian skylarkAlauda arvensis
Thekla's larkGalerida theklae
Crested larkGalerida cristata

Cisticolas and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Cisticolidae
The Cisticolidae are warblers found mainly in warmer southern regions of the Old World. They are generally very small birds of drab brown or grey appearance found in open country such as grassland or scrub.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Zitting cisticolaCisticola juncidis

Reed warblers and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Acrocephalidae
The members of this family are usually rather large for "warblers". Most are rather plain olivaceous brown above with much yellow to beige below. They are usually found in open woodland, reedbeds, or tall grass. The family occurs mostly in southern to western Eurasia and surroundings, but it also ranges far into the Pacific, with some species in Africa.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Booted warblerIduna caligata
Eastern olivaceous warblerIduna pallida
Western olivaceous warblerIduna opaca
Melodious warblerHippolais polyglotta
Icterine warblerHippolais icterina
Aquatic warblerAcrocephalus paludicola vulnerable
Moustached warblerAcrocephalus melanopogon
Sedge warblerAcrocephalus schoenobaenus
Paddyfield warblerAcrocephalus agricola
Blyth's reed warblerAcrocephalus dumetorum
Marsh warblerAcrocephalus palustris
Eurasian reed warblerAcrocephalus scirpaceus
African reed warblerAcrocephalus baeticatusAzores and Madeiras only
Great reed warblerAcrocephalus arundinaceus

Grassbirds and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Locustellidae
Locustellidae are a family of small insectivorous songbirds found mainly in Eurasia, Africa, and the Australian region. They are smallish birds with tails that are usually long and pointed, and tend to be drab brownish or buffy all over.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Pallas's grasshopper-warblerLocustella certhiola
River warblerLocustella fluviatilis Madeiras only
Savi's warblerLocustella luscinioides
Common grasshopper-warblerLocustella naevia

Swallows

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Hirundinidae
The family Hirundinidae is adapted to aerial feeding. They have a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings and a short bill with a wide gape. The feet are adapted to perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Purple martinProgne subis Azores only
Tree SwallowTachycineta bicolor Azores only
Plain martinRiparia paludicola Azores only
Bank swallowRiparia riparia
Eurasian crag-martinPtyonoprogne rupestris
Barn swallowHirundo rustica
Red-rumped swallowCecropis daurica
Cliff swallowPetrochelidon pyrrhonota Azores only
Common house-martinDelichon urbicum

Leaf warblers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Phylloscopidae
Leaf warblers are a family of small insectivorous birds found mostly in Eurasia and ranging into Wallacea and Africa. The species are of various sizes, often green-plumaged above and yellow below, or more subdued with greyish-green to greyish-brown colours.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Wood warblerPhylloscopus sibilatrix
Western Bonelli's warblerPhylloscopus bonelli
Yellow-browed warblerPhylloscopus inornatus
Hume's warblerPhylloscopus humei
Pallas's leaf warblerPhylloscopus proregulus
Dusky warblerPhylloscopus fuscatus
Willow warblerPhylloscopus trochilus
Common chiffchaffPhylloscopus collybita
Iberian chiffchaffPhylloscopus ibericus
Greenish warblerPhylloscopus trochiloides Madeiras only
Two-barred warblerPhylloscopus plumbeitarsus Madeiras only
Arctic warblerPhylloscopus borealis

Bush warblers and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Scotocercidae
The members of this family are found throughout Africa, Asia, and Polynesia. Their taxonomy is in flux, and some authorities place some genera in other families.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Cetti's warblerCettia cetti

Long-tailed tits

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Aegithalidae
Long-tailed tits are a group of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They make woven bag nests in trees. Most eat a mixed diet which includes insects.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Long-tailed titAegithalos caudatus

Sylviid warblers, parrotbills, and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Sylviidae
The family Sylviidae is a group of small insectivorous passerine birds. They mainly occur as breeding species, as the common name implies, in Europe, Asia and, to a lesser extent, Africa. Most are of generally undistinguished appearance, but many have distinctive songs.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Eurasian blackcapSylvia atricapilla
Garden warblerSylvia borin
Barred warblerSylvia nisoria Azores only
Lesser whitethroatSylvia curruca
Western Orphean warblerSylvia hortensis
Menetries's warblerSylvia mystacea
Subalpine warblerSylvia cantillans
Sardinian warblerSylvia melanocephala
Greater whitethroatSylvia communis
Spectacled warblerSylvia conspicillata
Dartford warblerSylvia undatanear threatened

Kinglets

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Regulidae
The kinglets, also called crests, are a small group of birds often included in the Old World warblers, but frequently given family status because they also resemble the titmice.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Ruby-crowned kingletRegulus calendula Azores only
GoldcrestRegulus regulus
Madeira firecrestRegulus madeirensisEndemic to the island of Madeira
Common firecrestRegulus ignicapilla

Wallcreeper

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Tichodromidae
The wallcreeper is a small bird related to the nuthatch family, which has stunning crimson, grey and black plumage.
Common nameBinomialStatus
WallcreeperTichodroma muraria

Nuthatches

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Sittidae
Nuthatches are small woodland birds. They have the unusual ability to climb down trees head first, unlike other birds which can only go upwards. Nuthatches have big heads, short tails and powerful bills and feet.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Eurasian nuthatchSitta europaea

Treecreepers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Certhiidae
Treecreepers are small woodland birds, brown above and white below. They have thin pointed down-curved bills, which they use to extricate insects from bark. They have stiff tail feathers, like woodpeckers, which they use to support themselves on vertical trees.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Short-toed treecreeperCerthia brachydactyla

Wrens

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Troglodytidae
The wrens are mainly small and inconspicuous except for their loud songs. These birds have short wings and thin down-turned bills. Several species often hold their tails upright. All are insectivorous.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Eurasian wrenTroglodytes troglodytes

Dippers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Cinclidae
Dippers are a group of perching birds whose habitat includes aquatic environments in the Americas, Europe and Asia. They are named for their bobbing or dipping movements.
Common nameBinomialStatus
White-throated dipperCinclus cinclus

Starlings

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Sturnidae
Starlings are small to medium-sized passerine birds. Their flight is strong and direct and they are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country. They eat insects and fruit. Plumage is typically dark with a metallic sheen.
Common nameBinomialStatus
European starlingSturnus vulgaris
Spotless starlingSturnus unicolor
Rosy starlingPastor roseus
Common mynaAcridotheres tristis
Crested mynaAcridotheres cristatellus
Greater blue-eared starlingLamprotornis chalybaeus Madeiras only

Mockingbirds and thrashers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Mimidae
The mimids are a family of passerine birds which includes thrashers, mockingbirds, tremblers, and the New World catbirds. These birds are notable for their vocalization, especially their remarkable ability to mimic a wide variety of birds and other sounds heard outdoors. The species tend towards dull grays and browns in their appearance.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Gray catbirdDumetella carolinensis Azores only

Thrushes and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Turdidae
The thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs.
Common nameBinomialStatus
VeeryCatharus fuscescens Azores only
Gray-cheeked thrushCatharus minimus
Swainson's thrushCatharus ustulatus Azores only
Hermit thrushCatharus guttatus Azores only
Wood thrushHylocichla mustelina Azores and Madeiras only, near threatened
Mistle thrushTurdus viscivorus
Song thrushTurdus philomelos
RedwingTurdus iliacusnear threatened
Eurasian blackbirdTurdus merula
American robinTurdus migratorius Azores only
Eyebrowed thrushTurdus obscurus
FieldfareTurdus pilaris
Ring ouzelTurdus torquatus
Black-throated thrushTurdus atrogularis Madeiras only
Red-throated thrushTurdus ruficollis Madeiras only
Dusky thrushTurdus eunomus Azores only
Naumann's thrushTurdus naumanni Azores only

Old World flycatchers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Muscicapidae
Old World flycatchers are a large group of small passerine birds native to the Old World. They are mainly small arboreal insectivores. The appearance of these birds is highly varied, but they mostly have weak songs and harsh calls.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Spotted flycatcherMuscicapa striata
Rufous-tailed scrub-robinCercotrichas galactotes
European robinErithacus rubecula
Thrush nightingaleLuscinia luscinia
Common nightingaleLuscinia megarhynchos
BluethroatLuscinia svecica
Red-flanked bluetailTarsiger cyanurus
Red-breasted flycatcherFicedula parva
European pied flycatcherFicedula hypoleuca
Collared flycatcherFicedula albicollis
Moussier's redstartPhoenicurus moussieri
Common redstartPhoenicurus phoenicurus
Black redstartPhoenicurus ochruros
Rufous-tailed rock-thrushMonticola saxatilis
Blue rock-thrushMonticola solitarius
WhinchatSaxicola rubetra
European stonechatSaxicola rubicola
Siberian stonechatSaxicola maurus
Northern wheatearOenanthe oenanthe
Isabelline wheatearOenanthe isabellina
Desert wheatearOenanthe deserti
Black-eared wheatearOenanthe hispanica
Black wheatearOenanthe leucura
White-crowned wheatearOenanthe leucopyga

Waxwings

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Bombycillidae
The waxwings are a group of birds with soft silky plumage and unique red tips to some of the wing feathers. In the Bohemian and cedar waxwings, these tips look like sealing wax and give the group its name. These are arboreal birds of northern forests. They live on insects in summer and berries in winter.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Bohemian waxwingBombycilla garrulus
Cedar waxwingBombycilla cedrorum Azores only

Weavers and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Ploceidae
The weavers are small passerine birds related to the finches. They are seed-eating birds with rounded conical bills. The males of many species are brightly coloured, usually in red or yellow and black, some species show variation in colour only in the breeding season.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Black-headed weaverPloceus melanocephalus
Yellow-crowned bishopEuplectes afer

Waxbills and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Estrildidae
The estrildid finches are small passerine birds of the Old World tropics and Australasia. They are gregarious and often colonial seed eaters with short thick but pointed bills. They are all similar in structure and habits, but have wide variation in plumage colours and patterns.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Common waxbillEstrilda astrild
Red avadavatAmandava amandava
Scaly-breasted muniaLonchura punctulata
Chestnut muniaLonchura atricapilla
Pin-tailed whydah Vidua macroura

Accentors

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Prunellidae
The accentors are in the only bird family, Prunellidae, which is completely endemic to the Palearctic. They are small, fairly drab species superficially similar to sparrows.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Alpine accentorPrunella collaris
DunnockPrunella modularis

Old World sparrows

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Passeridae
Old World sparrows are small passerine birds. In general, sparrows tend to be small, plump, brown or grey birds with short tails and short powerful beaks. Sparrows are seed eaters, but they also consume small insects.
Common nameBinomialStatus
House sparrowPasser domesticus
Spanish sparrowPasser hispaniolensis
Eurasian tree sparrowPasser montanus
Rock sparrowPetronia petronia
White-winged snowfinchMontifringilla nivalis

Wagtails and pipits

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Motacillidae
Motacillidae is a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They include the wagtails, longclaws and pipits. They are slender, ground feeding insectivores of open country.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Gray wagtailMotacilla cinerea
Western yellow wagtailMotacilla flava
Eastern yellow wagtailMotacilla tschutschensis
Citrine wagtailMotacilla citreola
White wagtailMotacilla alba
Richard's pipitAnthus richardi
Blyth's pipitAnthus godlewskii
Tawny pipitAnthus campestris
Berthelot's pipitAnthus berthelotii Madeiras only
Meadow pipitAnthus pratensisnear threatened
Tree pipitAnthus trivialis
Olive-backed pipitAnthus hodgsoni
Red-throated pipitAnthus cervinus
Water pipitAnthus spinoletta
Rock pipitAnthus petrosus
American pipitAnthus rubescens Azores only

Finches, euphonias, and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Fringillidae
Finches are seed-eating passerine birds, that are small to moderately large and have a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have twelve tail feathers and nine primaries. These birds have a bouncing flight with alternating bouts of flapping and gliding on closed wings, and most sing well.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Common chaffinchFringilla coelebs
BramblingFringilla montifringilla
HawfinchCoccothraustes coccothraustes
Common rosefinchCarpodacus erythrinus
Azores bullfinchPyrrhula murinaendemic to San Miguel in the Azores, vulnerable
Eurasian bullfinchPyrrhula pyrrhula
Trumpeter finchBucanetes githagineus
European greenfinchChloris chloris
TwiteLinaria flavirostris
Eurasian linnetLinaria cannabina
Common redpollAcanthis flammea
Hoary redpollAcanthis hornemanni Azores only
Parrot crossbillLoxia pytyopsittacusMadeiras only
Red crossbillLoxia curvirostra
European goldfinchCarduelis carduelis
Citril finchCarduelis citrinella
European serinSerinus serinus
Island canarySerinus canariaAzores and Madeiras only
Eurasian siskinSpinus spinus

Longspurs and snow buntings

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Calcariidae
The Calcariidae are a group of passerine birds which had been traditionally grouped with the New World sparrows, but differ in a number of respects and are usually found in open grassy areas.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Lapland longspurCalcarius lapponicus
Snow buntingPlectrophenax nivalis

Old World buntings

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Emberizidae
The emberizids are a large family of passerine birds. They are seed-eating birds with distinctively shaped bills. Many emberizid species have distinctive head patterns.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Corn buntingMiliaria calandra
Rock buntingEmberiza cia
Cirl buntingEmberiza cirlus
YellowhammerEmberiza citrinella
Ortolan buntingEmberiza hortulana
Pallas's buntingEmberiza pallasi
Reed buntingEmberiza schoeniclus
Yellow-breasted buntingEmberiza aureola critically endangered
Little buntingEmberiza pusilla
Rustic buntingEmberiza rustica vulnerable

New World sparrows

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Passerellidae
The New World sparrows are a large family of seed-eating passerine birds with distinctively finch-like bills.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Dark-eyed juncoJunco hyemalis Azores only
White-crowned sparrowZonotrichia leucophrys Azores only
White-throated sparrowZonotrichia albicollis Azores only
Savannah sparrowPasserculus sandwichensis Azores only
Lincoln's sparrowMelospiza lincolnii Azores only

Troupials and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Icteridae
Icterids make up a family of small- to medium-sized, often colorful, New-World passerine birds. Most species have black as a predominant plumage color, often enlivened by yellow, orange or red. The species in the family vary widely in size, shape, behavior and coloration.
Common nameBinomialStatus
BobolinkDolichonyx oryzivorus Azores only
Baltimore orioleIcterus galbula Azores only

New World warblers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Parulidae
The New World warblers are a group of small often colorful passerine birds restricted to the New World. Most are arboreal, but some are more terrestrial. Most members of this family are insectivores.
Common nameBinomialStatus
OvenbirdSeiurus aurocapilla Azores only
Northern waterthrushParkesia noveboracensis Azores only
Golden-winged warblerVermivora chrysoptera Azores only, near threatened
Blue-winged warblerVermivora cyanoptera Azores only
Black-and-white warblerMniotilta varia Azores only
Tennessee warblerOreothlypis peregrina Azores only
Common yellowthroatGeothlypis trichas
Hooded warblerSetophaga citrina Azores only
American redstartSetophaga ruticilla Azores and Madeiras only
Northern parulaSetophaga americana Azores only
Magnolia warblerSetophaga magnolia Azores only
Bay-breasted warblerSetophaga castanea Azores only
Blackburnian warblerSetophaga fusca Azores only
Yellow warblerSetophaga petechia Azores and Madeiras only
Chestnut-sided warblerSetophaga pensylvanica Azores only
Blackpoll warblerSetophaga striata Azores only
Black-throated blue warblerSetophaga caerulescens Azores only
Yellow-rumped warblerSetophaga coronata Azores only
Yellow-throated warblerSetophaga dominica Azores only
Prairie warblerSetophaga discolor Azores only
Black-throated green warblerSetophaga virens Azores only
Canada warblerCardellina canadensis Azores only
Wilson's warblerCardellina pusilla Azores only

Cardinals and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Cardinalidae
The cardinals are a family of robust, seed-eating birds with strong bills. They are typically associated with open woodland. The sexes usually have distinct plumages.
Common nameBinomialStatus
Summer tanagerPiranga rubra Azores only
Scarlet tanagerPiranga olivacea Azores only
Rose-breasted grosbeakPheucticus ludovicianus Azores only
Blue grosbeakPasserina caerulea Azores only
Indigo buntingPasserina cyanea Azores only
DickcisselSpiza americana Azores only