The list is incomplete and only includes the top 25 out of 133 countries.
2016 rankings
The list is incomplete and only includes the top 25 out of 126 countries.
2014 rankings
The list is incomplete and only includes the top 25 out of 124 countries.
2013 rankings
The list is incomplete and only includes the top 25 out of 124 countries.
2009 rankings
Factors affecting differences between countries
As an illustration, we can observe the differences between Egypt and Thailand in ECI ranking between the years of 1995 and 2015, let us use the below figures as an example:
Rank
Country
ECI Value
Year
45
Thailand
0.30
1995
75
Egypt
-0.41
1995
24
Thailand
1.06
2015
68
Egypt
-0.23
2015
Difference in 1995: 0.71 ECI points for Thailand
Difference in 2015: 1.28824 ECI points for Thailand
Increase for Egypt 1995-2015: 0.18037 ECI Points
Increase for Thailand 1995-2015: 0.7575 ECI Points
When we dig deeper into the export data of both countries, we can deduce that the differences were mainly in the composition of their relative export baskets. The more countries direct their efforts to more sophisticated products, the more it is reflected in the ECI score, and hence their potential economic growth. For example, from 1995-2015, Thailand appears to have phased away from largely ubiquitous products “fur: 0.1 on the Product Complexity Index, Leather: 0.9 PCI, footwear: -0.7 PCI”, and focused their exports into products that few other countries can make “Cars: 2.47 PCI, parts and accessories of motor vehicles: 3.18 PCI, motor vehicles for transporting good: 1.87 PCI”. Egypt, on the other hand, also experienced an increase in complexity, albeit much less than the one experienced by Thailand. They had a relatively high growth as a share of their total export portfolio in monitors and projectors: 0.9 PCI, but they also had a growth in insulated wires which has a PCI of -0.48. So, in general, we can observe that Thailand has expanded in products with higher PCI than the ones they phased out from, while Egypt expanded in some higher PCI products, and also some lower ones hence the difference in ECI growth between the two. For reference data, please go to http://atlas.cid.harvard.edu.
