List of distinct cell types in the adult human body
There are many different types of cell in the human body.
Cells derived primarily from endoderm
Exocrine secretory epithelial cells
- Brunner's gland cell in duodenum
- Insulated goblet cell of respiratory and digestive tracts
- Stomach
- *foveolar cell
- *chief cell
- *parietal cell
- Pancreatic acinar cell
- Paneth cell of small intestine
- Type II pneumocyte of lung
- Club cell of lung
Barrier cells
- Type I pneumocyte
- Gall bladder epithelial cell
- Centroacinar cell
- Intercalated duct cell
- Intestinal brush border cell
Hormone-secreting cells
- Enteroendocrine cell
- *K cell
- *L cell
- *I cell
- *G cell
- *Enterochromaffin cell
- *Enterochromaffin-like cell
- *N cell
- *S cell
- *D cell
- *Mo cell
- *other hormones secreted: vasoactive intestinal peptide, substance P, alpha and gamma-endorphin, bombesin
- Thyroid gland cells
- * Thyroid epithelial cell
- * Parafollicular cell
- Parathyroid gland cells
- * Parathyroid chief cell
- * Oxyphil cell
- Pancreatic islets
- *Alpha cell
- *Beta cell
- *Delta cell
- *Epsilon cell
- *PP cell
Cells derived primarily from ectoderm
Exocrine secretory epithelial cells
- Salivary gland mucous cell
- Salivary gland serous cell
- Von Ebner's gland cell in tongue
- Mammary gland cell
- Lacrimal gland cell
- Ceruminous gland cell in ear
- Eccrine sweat gland dark cell
- Eccrine sweat gland clear cell
- Apocrine sweat gland cell
- Gland of Moll cell in eyelid
- Sebaceous gland cell
- Bowman's gland cell in nose
Hormone-secreting cells
- Anterior/Intermediate pituitary cells
- * Corticotropes
- * Gonadotropes
- * Lactotropes
- * Melanotropes
- * Somatotropes
- * Thyrotropes
- Magnocellular neurosecretory cells, secrete oxytocin and vasopressin
- Parvocellular neurosecretory cells, secrete thyrotropin-releasing hormone, corticotropin-releasing hormone, vasopressin, oxytocin, neurotensin, and prolactin
- Chromaffin cells
Epithelial cells
- Keratinocyte
- Epidermal basal cell
- Melanocyte
- Trichocyte
- *Medullary hair shaft cell
- *Cortical hair shaft cell
- *Cuticular hair shaft cell
- *Huxley's layer hair root sheath cell
- *Henle's layer hair root sheath cell
- *Outer root sheath hair cell
- Surface epithelial cell of cornea, tongue, mouth, nasal cavity, distal anal canal, distal urethra, and distal vagina
- basal cell of cornea, tongue, mouth, nasal cavity, distal anal canal, distal urethra, and distal vagina
- Intercalated duct cell
- Striated duct cell
- Lactiferous duct cell
- Ameloblast
Oral cells
- Odontoblast
- Cementoblast
Nervous system
A neuron consists of a cell body with a nucleus and cytoplasm, from which long thin hair-like parts arise.
Sensory transducer cells
- Auditory inner hair cell of organ of Corti
- Auditory outer hair cell of organ of Corti
- Basal cell of olfactory epithelium
- Cold-sensitive primary sensory neurons
- Heat-sensitive primary sensory neurons
- Merkel cell of epidermis
- Olfactory receptor neuron
- Pain-sensitive primary sensory neurons
- Photoreceptor cells of retina in eye:
- *Photoreceptor rod cells
- *Photoreceptor blue-sensitive cone cell of eye
- *Photoreceptor green-sensitive cone cell of eye
- *Photoreceptor red-sensitive cone cell of eye
- Proprioceptive primary sensory neurons
- Touch-sensitive primary sensory neurons
- Chemoreceptor glomus cells of carotid body cell
- Outer hair cell of vestibular system of ear
- Inner hair cell of vestibular system of ear
- Taste receptor cell of taste bud
Autonomic neuron cells
- Cholinergic neuron
- Adrenergic neural cell
- Peptidergic neural cell
Sense organ and peripheral neuron supporting cells
- Inner pillar cell of organ of Corti
- Outer pillar cell of organ of Corti
- Inner phalangeal cell of organ of Corti
- Outer phalangeal cell of organ of Corti
- Border cell of organ of Corti
- Hensen's cells of organ of Corti
- Vestibular apparatus supporting cell
- Taste bud supporting cell
- Olfactory epithelium supporting cell
- Schwann cell
- Satellite glial cell
- Enteric glial cell
Central nervous system neurons and [glial cells]
- Neuron cells
- *Interneurons
- ** Basket cells
- ** Cartwheel cells
- ** Stellate cells
- ** Golgi cells
- ** Granule cells
- ** Lugaro cells
- ** Unipolar brush cells
- ** Martinotti cells
- ** Chandelier cells
- ** Cajal–Retzius cells
- ** Double-bouquet cells
- ** Neurogliaform cells
- ** Retina horizontal cell
- ** Amacrine cells
- *** Starburst amacrine cells
- ** Spinal interneuron
- *** Renshaw cells
- *Principal cells
- **Spindle neurons
- **Fork neurons
- **Pyramidal cells
- ***Place cells
- ***Grid cells
- ***Speed cells
- ***Head direction cells
- ***Betz cells
- **Stellate cells
- ***Boundary cells
- **Bushy cell
- **Purkinje cells
- **Medium spiny neurons
- Astrocyte
- Oligodendrocyte
- Ependymal cells
- *Tanycytes
- Pituicyte
Lens cells
- Anterior lens epithelial cell
- Crystallin-containing lens fiber cell
Cells derived primarily from mesoderm
Metabolism and storage cells
- Adipocytes:
- *White fat cell
- *Brown fat cell
- Liver lipocyte
Secretory cells
- Cells of the Adrenal cortex
- *Cells of the Zona glomerulosa produce mineralocorticoids
- *Cells of the Zona fasciculata produce glucocorticoids
- *Cells of the Zona reticularis produce androgens
- Theca interna cell of ovarian follicle secreting estrogen
- Corpus luteum cell of ruptured ovarian follicle secreting progesterone
- *Granulosa lutein cells
- *Theca lutein cells
- Leydig cell of testes secreting testosterone
- Seminal vesicle cell
- Prostate gland cell
- Bulbourethral gland cell
- Bartholin's gland cell
- Gland of Littre cell
- Uterus endometrium cell
- Juxtaglomerular cell
- Macula densa cell of kidney
- Peripolar cell of kidney
- Mesangial cell of kidney
Barrier cells
Urinary system
- Parietal epithelial cell
- Podocyte
- Proximal tubule brush border cell
- Loop of Henle thin segment cell
- Kidney distal tubule cell
- Kidney collecting duct cell
- *Principal cell
- *Intercalated cell
- Transitional epithelium
Reproductive system
- Duct cell
- Efferent ducts cell
- Epididymal principal cell
- Epididymal basal cell
Circulatory system
- Endothelial cells
Extracellular matrix cells
- Planum semilunatum epithelial cell of vestibular system of ear
- Organ of Corti interdental epithelial cell
- Loose connective tissue fibroblasts
- Corneal fibroblasts
- Tendon fibroblasts
- Bone marrow reticular tissue fibroblasts
- Other nonepithelial fibroblasts
- Pericyte
- *Hepatic stellate cell
- Nucleus pulposus cell of intervertebral disc
- Hyaline cartilage chondrocyte
- Fibrocartilage chondrocyte
- Elastic cartilage chondrocyte
- Osteoblast/osteocyte
- Osteoprogenitor cell
- Hyalocyte of vitreous body of eye
- Stellate cell of perilymphatic space of ear
- Pancreatic stellate cell
Contractile cells
- Skeletal muscle cell
- *Red skeletal muscle cell
- *White skeletal muscle cell
- *Intermediate skeletal muscle cell
- *Nuclear bag cell of muscle spindle
- *Nuclear chain cell of muscle spindle
- *Myosatellite cell
- Cardiac muscle cells
- *Cardiac muscle cell
- *SA node cell
- *Purkinje fiber cell
- Smooth muscle cell
- Myoepithelial cell of iris
- Myoepithelial cell of exocrine glands
Blood and immune system cells
- Erythrocyte and precursor erythroblasts
- Megakaryocyte
- Platelets if considered distinct cells, currently there's debate on the subject.
- Monocyte
- Connective tissue macrophage
- Epidermal Langerhans cell
- Osteoclast
- Dendritic cell
- Microglial cell
- Neutrophil granulocyte and precursors
- Eosinophil granulocyte and precursors
- Basophil granulocyte and precursors
- Mast cell
- Helper T cell
- Regulatory T cell
- Cytotoxic T cell
- Natural killer T cell
- B cell
- Plasma cell
- Natural killer cell
- Hematopoietic stem cells and committed progenitors for the blood and immune system
Germ cells
- Oogonium/Oocyte
- Spermatid
- Spermatocyte
- Spermatogonium cell
- Spermatozoon
[Nurse cell]
- Granulosa cell
- Sertoli cell
- Epithelial reticular cell
Interstitial cells
- Interstitial kidney cells