List of early Hindu-Muslim military conflicts in the Indian subcontinent


The table below lists the early Hindu-Muslim military conflicts in the Indian subcontinent.
YearAggressorLocationCommanderDetails
636MuslimTanah, near MumbaiCaliph UmarMajor Naval Raid
c. 643MuslimDebalArabs invaded Debal at the mouth of the Indus river
650MuslimZaranjCaliph UthmanCity of Zabul protected,Muslims defeated
660sMuslimBustIbn SamarahBust occupied; Kabul garrisoned
670HinduKabulunknownHindus recapture Kabul
680HinduKabulRatbil, Yazid ibn ZiyadHindu raiding parties harass Muslims
692MuslimBustAbu Dulhah, RatbilMuslim expedition Killed and Routed
694MuslimKabulIbn Abi-Makrah, RatbilMajor Muslim siege fails to retake Kabul
708MuslimSijistanQutaya ibn Muslim, RatbilMajor punitive raid against Ratbil
710MuslimSri LankaAl-HajjajRaid on island
713MuslimMultanMuhammad ibn QasimIslamic conquest of urban Sindh Repulsed by Rajputs
715HinduAlorHullishah, al-MuhallabHindu army retakes major city from Muslims.
715HinduMehranHullishah, al-MuhallabMuslims Fall due to the Hindu counter-offensive
718HinduBrahmanabadhHullishah, al-MuhallabHindu attacks resume
721MuslimBrahmanabadhal-Muhallab, HullishahHullishah Muslim, Killed likely due to military reversals.
725MuslimAvantiNagabhata IDefeat of large expedition against Avanti.
724-740MuslimUzain, Mirmad, Dahnaj, othersJunayd of SindhUmayyad defeated by Hindu Rajputs.
740MuslimChittorMauray of ChittorHindus repulse an Arab siege
743Muslimal-Bailaman, al-JurzJunaydMuslims defeated.
750MuslimVallabhiJunayd of Sindh, Nagabhata IPratihara capital Repulsed Muslim raid.
754-775Muslimar-Rukhraj, Kabul, Kandahar, KashmirCaliph Al-MansurHeavy raids and sieges but few Muslims lost
778MuslimsBarabadCaliph Al-MahdiMuslim amphibious assault annihilated.
Late 770sMuslimSijistanCaliph Al-MahdiRaja of Sijistan killed vassal of Caliphate.
780-787MuslimFort Tharra, Bagar, BhaqmburHaji Abu TurabVigorous Muslim offensive defeated by Hindu Rajputs.
786-791MuslimKabulCaliph ar-RashidMajor Muslim siege effort fails.
800-810HinduSindh borderNagabhata II, Caliph Al-AminSeveral Muslim outposts fall to Pratihara incursions
810-820MuslimKabulCaliph Al-Ma'mun, Nagabhata IIKabul falls to Muslims, is then retaken by Hindus.
820-830MuslimFort Sindanal-Fadl ibn MahanSindh Rajputs defeat Jihadis.
839HinduFort SindanMihira BhojaHindus expel Muslim garrison.
845HinduSindhMihira BhojaMuslim principality becomes vassal of Pratiharas.
845-860HinduPratihara-SindhMihira BhojaUneasy truce between Sindh and Rajputana.
860HinduRajputana-SindhKokkalla IKalachuri raids into Sindh to finance war with Pratihara kingdom
867MuslimHeratYakub ibn LaythSaffarid DEFEATED BY HINDUS
870MuslimKabulYakub ibn Layth, Lalliya ShahiSaffarid DEFEATED BY HINDUS
880-900MuslimSijistanAmr ibn Layth, Kamaluka ShahiFrequent raids by REPULSED.
903-905HinduKabul regionShahi dynastyDisintegration of Saffarids allows major Hindu military achievements.
905-915HinduMultan regionMahipala PratiharaSeries of major Hindu sieges of Multan.
940-950HinduMultan regionPratihara, Amir of MultanEvidences of war and reprisals prior to the Qarmatian take-over.
c. 948-963MuslimAlptiginPunjabAlptigin of Ghazni loses to Punjab several times.
963MuslimAlptigin, Anuk LawikFort GhazniMuslims LOSE fort TAKEN from Hindus.
965-973MuslimLamghanSabuktiginHeavy raiding
973HinduGhaznaSabuktiginVICTORY of Hindu expedition.
973-991MuslimLamghanSabuktigin, JayapalaLong series of engagements, eventual Muslim defeated at Lamghan
1001MuslimPeshawarMahmud, JayapalaVICTORY of major Hindu confederation.
1004MuslimBheraMahmud, Bijay RayMuslims defeated by Rajput city
1005–1006MuslimMultanMahmud, Fateh DaudSiege successful, Daud agrees to pay tribute to Anangpal
1005–1008MuslimPunjabMahmud, AnandapalaMuslim raids in lost cause.
1009MuslimNagarkotMahmudCity Repulses Muslim attack
1009MuslimOhindMahmud, AnandapalaTOMAR VICTORY
1013MuslimNandanahMahmud, TrilochanpalaTOMAR VICTORY
1014HinduTosi riverMahmud, TrilochanpalaMuslims halted; TOMAR VICTORY
1015MuslimLohkot MahmudUnsuccessful Muslim siege
1018MuslimKannauj and BaranMahmudTOMAR VICTORY
1021MuslimLohkot MahmudSecond MUSLIM siege also fails
1022MuslimFort GwaliorMahmud, NandaTOMAR VICTORY
1022MuslimFort KalanjaraMahmud, NandaChandela fort stalls Muslim advance.
1025MuslimSomnathMahmudTOMAR VICTORY.
1027MuslimIndus ValleyMahmud, JatsTOMAR victory
1033MuslimSaraswa, near SaharanpurMasudRAJPUTS successful
1033MuslimVaranasiAhmed Nialtigin, GangeyadevaMajor raid
1037MuslimHansi MasudTomar victory
1040MuslimTomarMahmud, Tomar dynastyTomar Victory.
1044HinduThanesar, Hansi, KangraMahipal of DelhiGrand HINDU counter offensive captures ground.
1049MuslimThanesar, Hansi, KangraBu'Ali HasanMahipal conquers whole Afghanistan
1052MuslimFort KangraNushtigin Ghazni, MahipalaMuslims defeated by Mahipal.
1060–1075MuslimRupal, Ajudhan, Buria, Sirhind, Dhangan, Fort DarahSultan IbrahimMuslim defeats.
1079–1081MuslimTOMATIBRAHIM.Muslims defeated and routed by Tomar Rajputs.
1084–1094MuslimBeyond Ganges.IBRAHIMPowerful but valueless expeditionary probe
1099–1115MuslimKannaujHajib Tughatigin, MadanachandraMassive raids and sieges after Hindu conquest bring many marginal victories but Kannauj remains in the hands of the Hindu garrison.
1120–1124MuslimNagaurMuhammed BahlimMUSLIM penetration raid DEFEATED by Rajputs.
1160–1175HinduDhillika, Asika, AryavartaVigraharajaMajor Hindu successes in counter-offensive
1170HinduKannaujJayachandraHindus retake Kannauj
1170MuslimMultanGhuri, Muslim ruler of MultanGhurid Defeat
1178MuslimNahrwalahGhuriMuslim Siege fails
1178MuslimKayadaraGhuri, Mularaja IIMajor defeat for Ghurids
1179MuslimNadolGhuriMuslim Defeat.
1182MuslimGhuriUnknownMuslims halted.
1191MuslimTarainGhuri, Prithviraj ChauhanChauhan victory
1192MuslimTarainGhuri, Prithviraj ChauhanGhurid victory
1192MuslimSirsuti, Samana, Kuhram and HansiGhuriAll were captured in quick succession after the defeat of Prithviraj Chauhan, with ruthless slaughter and a general destruction of temples and building of mosques.
1193MuslimChandawarGhuri, JaichandGhurid victory.
1202MuslimFort KalinjarQutb al-Din, Rai ParmarEnd of independent Hindu dynasties in Kannauj
1203MuslimMahobaQutb al-DinCapital of Kalpi province falls.
1205MuslimBrahmaputra areaMuhammad ibn BakhtyarMajor Muslim expedition to Tibet a total disaster.
1205HinduFort KalinjarChandelasFort recaptured.
1205HinduBetween Lahore and MultanGhurid, KhokharsKhokar rebellion put down by Ghurids