List of early and legendary monarchs of Burma


This is a list of early and legendary monarchs of Burma . It covers the monarchs of the early polities according to the Royal Chronicles that gave rise to Pagan Kingdom. The list consists of two types. Some of the dynasties were likely derived from "Indian legends taken from Sanskrit or Pali originals" in order to link the Burmese monarchy to the Buddha. Many others were actual historical figures cloaked in pre-Buddhist legends, and probably existed in a different time period than that described in the chronicles. Moreover, many of these historical-based legendary figures were likely contemporaries of rival small settlements, rather than in the continuous lineage presented by the chronicles.

Upper Burma

First Tagaung Dynasty">Tagaung Kingdom#First Tagaung Dynasty">First Tagaung Dynasty

This is the First Tagaung Dynasty as given in Hmannan Yazawin.
MonarchReignRelationshipNotes
Abhiyaza850–825 BCEIntroduced for the first time in 1832 as the founder of Burmese monarchy
Kanyaza Nge825–?Son
Zambudipa YazaSon
Thingatha YazaSon
Weippanna YazaSon
Dewata YazaSon
Munika YazaSon
Naga YazaPaternal uncle
Einda YazaBrother
Thamuti YazaSon
Dewa YazaSon
Maheindra YazaSon
Wimala YazaSon
Thihanu YazaSon
Mingana YazaSon
Kantha YazaSon
Kaleinga YazaSon
Thindwe YazaSon
Thihala YazaSon
Thamuti YazaSon
Hantha YazaBrother
Wara YazaSon
Alaung YazaSon
Kawlaka YazaSon
Thuriya YazaSon
Thingyi YazaSon
Taingchit YazaSon
Madu YazaSon
Minhlagyi YazaSon
Thanthu Thiha YazaSon
Daninga YazaSon
Heinda YazaSon
Mawriya YazaSon
Beinnaka YazaSon

Second Tagaung Dynasty">Tagaung Kingdom#Second Tagaung Dynasty">Second Tagaung Dynasty

This is the list of kings of the Second Tagaung Dynasty as given in Hmannan Yazawin. No reign dates are given except for the date when the Sri Ksetra Kingdom was founded by two princes from Tagaung.
MonarchReignRelationshipNotes
Daza Yazac. 600 BCE–?Introduced for the first time in 1829 as the founder of the second Tagaung dynasty
Thado Taing-Ya
Thado Yahta-Ya
Thado Tagun-Ya
Thado Hlanbyan-Ya
Thado Shwe
Thado Galon-Ya
Thado Naga-Ya
Thado Naga-Naing
Thado Yahawlaw
Thado Paungshe
Thado Kyaukshe
Thado Hsinlauk
Thado Hsinhtein
Thado Taingchit
Thado Mingyi
Thado Maha YazaHis sons founded Sri Ksetra Kingdom in 483 BCE.

[Sri Ksetra Kingdom]

MonarchReignRelationshipNotes
Maha Thanbawa483–477 BCESon of Thado Maha Yaza of Tagaung
Sula Thanbawa477–442Brother
Duttabaung442–372Son of Maha ThanbawaHistorical figure believed to have ascended the throne in 739 CE
Duttayan372–350Son
Yan Baung350–300Son
Yan Man300–250Son
Yetkhan250–219Son
Khanlaung219–181Son
Letkhaing181–147Son
Thirikhan147–119Son
Thiriyit119–110SonLast of Duttabaung's line
Taba110–59Adopted son
Papiyan59 BCE–7 CESon
Yan Mukha7–22Son
Yan Theinkha22–25Son
Yan Monsaleinda25–40Son
Bereinda40–52Brother
Monsala52–57Son
Ponna57–60Son
Thakha60–63Brother
Thathi63–66Son
Kan Nu66–67Younger brother
Kan Tet67–70Elder brother
Beizza70–74Elder brother
Thumondari74–81Not stated
Atitya81–84Son
Thupyinnya84–94BrotherEnd of Sri Ksetra dynasty

Early Pagan">Early Pagan Kingdom">Early Pagan

Formative Early Pagan

The following is the list of Pagan kings as given in the main chronicles.
NameReign per Zatadawbon YazawinReign per Maha Yazawin, Yazawin Thit, and Hmannan YazawinRelationship with the predecessor
Thamoddarit80–125107–152Nephew of Thupyinnya of Sri Ksetra
Yathekyaung125–140152–167Caretaker
Pyusawhti140–222167–242Son-in-law of Thamoddarit
Hti Min Yin222–249242–299Son
Yin Min Paik249–334299–324Son
Paik Thinli334–371324–344Son
Thinli Kyaung I371–415344–387Son
Kyaung Tu Yit415–440387–412Son
Thihtan440–477412–439Son
Thuye477–492439–494Usurper
Tharamun Pya492–514494–516Grandson of Thihtan
Thaik Taing514–521516–523Son
Thinli Kyaung II521–530523–532Son
Thinli Paik530–535532–547Brother
Khan Laung535–545547–557Brother
Khan Lat545–557557–569Brother
Htun Taik557–570569–582Son
Htun Pyit570–586582–598Son
Htun Kyit586–613598–613Son

Middle Early Pagan

All four main chronicles are in agreement with the regnal dates in this period.
NameReign per Zatadawbon Yazawin, Maha Yazawin, Yazawin Thit, and Hmannan YazawinRelationship with the predecessor
Popa Sawrahan613–640Usurper
Shwe Ohnthi640–652Son-in-law
Peit Thon652–660Brother
Peit Taung660–710Son
Nga Khwe710–716Brother
Min Kywe716–726Usurper
Theinga726–734Elected by court; of royal blood
Thein Khun734–744Son
Shwe Laung744–753Son
Htun Htwin753–762Son
Shwe Hmauk762–785Son
Htun Lut785–802Brother
Saw Khin Hnit802–829Son
Khelu829–846Son

Late Early Pagan

The chronicles again do not agree with the dates for this period. The dates in later chronicles Yazawin Thit and Hmannan Yazawin now depart from Maha Yazawin dates from 846 CE forward.
NameReign per Zatadawbon YazawinReign per Maha YazawinReign per Yazawin Thit and Hmannan YazawinRelationship with predecessor
Pyinbya846–886846–858846–878Brother
Tannet886–904858–876878–906Son
Sale Ngahkwe904–934876–901906–915Usurper
Theinhko934–956901–917915–931Son
Nyaung-u Sawrahan956–1001917–950931–964Usurper
Kunhsaw Kyaunghpyu1001–1021950–971964–986Son of Tannet
Kyiso1021–1038971–977986–992Son of Nyaung-u Sawrahan
Sokkate1038–1044977–1002992–1017Brother

Lower Burma

[Thaton Kingdom]

MonarchReignRelationshipNotes
Thiha Yaza?–543 BCEDied in the year the Buddha died; came from India
Dhamma Thawka I
TithaTissa
Dhamma Pala
Dhamma Daza
Einkura
Upadewa Yaza
Thiwa Yaza
Zawta Kumma
Dhamma Thawka II
Uttara
Katha Wunna
Maha Thala
Araka
Narathu I
Maha Beinda
Adara
Angula
Urunnata
Thuganda I
Thuganda II
Bramah Datta
Manya Yaza
Adika
Maradi Yaza
Thaduka
Dipa Yaza I
Athinkha Yaza
Bomma Yaza
Manda Yaza
Mahintha Yaza
Dhamma Sekka Yaza
Thusanbadi
Baddara Yaza
Narathu II
Zambudipa Yaza
Ketharit Yaza
Wizaya Kumma
Mani Yaza
Tekka Min
Athinkha Yaza
Kutha Yaza
Dipa Yaza II
Nara Yaza
Yaza Thura
Seitta Yaza
Diga Yaza
Ottama Yaza
Thiri Yaza
Dhamma Yaza
Maha Seitta Yaza
Ganda Yaza
Zeya Yaza
Thumana Yaza
Maddaka Yaza
Aminna Yaza
Udinna Yaza
Manuha?–1057 CE

Early Hanthawaddy

The list here is per Harvey who reported it from the Shwemawdaw Thamaing ; the dates are unattested. Other Mon Chronicles give a similar list of rulers from 573 to 781 with no records thereafter, leaving a gap of 276 years to Pagan's conquest of Pegu in 1057. Harvey's list better synchronizes with historically confirmed Pagan dates. But according to Michael Aung-Thwin, pre-Pagan Mon kingdoms of Lower Burma are later 15th century legends, unattested by evidence. Pegu as a place name only first appeared in a 1266 Old Burmese inscription.
MonarchReignRelationshipNotes
Thamala825–837Founds Pegu in 825
Wimala837-854Brother
Atha854–861Nephew
Areindama861–885Son
A monk885–902
Geinda902–917
Migadeippa I917–932
Geissadiya932–942
Karawika942–954
Pyinzala954–967Son
Attatha967–982Brother
Anuyama982–994Nephew
Migadeippa II994–1004
Ekkathamanda1004–1016
Uppala1016–1028
Pontarika1028–1043Founds Dagon
Tissa1043–1057

Arakan