List of extinct plants

Prehistoric extinctions

Extinct plants by geologic period

[Devonian]

• Archaeopteris

  [Carboniferous]

• Annularia
• Sigillaria
• Lepidodendron
• Calamites
• Sphenophyllum

  [Permian]

• Cordaites
• Glossopteris
• Sphenophyllum

  [Triassic]

• Araucarioxylon
• Caytoniales
• Cladophlebis
• Zamites
• Brachyphyllum
• Pleuromeia
• Pannaulika
• Sphenophyllum''

  [Jurassic]

• Araucaria mirabilis
• Araucarites sanctaecrucis
• Baiera
• Coniopteris
• Cycadeoidea
• Czekanowskia
• Eboracia
• Equisetum thermale
• Gleichenites
• Neocalamites
• Nilssonia
• Pararaucaria patagonica
• Pterophyilum
• Schmeissneria

  [Cretaceous]

• Archaeamphora
• Archaeanthus
• Archaefructus
• Ephedrites
• Liaoningocladus
• Orontium mackii
• Palaeoaldrovanda
• Pagiophyllum
• Pityocladus
• Podozamites
• Sagaria
• Sphenobaiera
• Williamsonia
• Williamsoniella

  [Paleocene]

• Acer alaskense
• Banksieaeidites
• Cornus piggae
• Pinus peregrinus
• Ginkgo cranei
• Metasequoia foxii
• Montrichardia aquatica
• Petrocardium

  [Eocene]

• Acer castorrivularis
• Acer clarnoense
• Acer douglasense
• Acer hillsi
• Acer republicense
• Acer rousei
• Acer stewarti
• Acer stonebergae
• Acer taurocursum
• Acer toradense
• Acer washingtonense
• Actinidia oregonensis
• Azolla primaeva
• Abies milleri
• Banksia archaeocarpa
• Chamaecyparis eureka
• Corylopsis reedae
• Cornus clarnensis
• Coryloides
• Corylus johnsonii
• Dillhoffia
• Diploporus
• Eucommia eocenica
• Eucommia montana
• Eucommia jeffersonensis
• Eucommia rolandii
• Fothergilla malloryi
• Ginkgo dissecta
• Kardiasperma
• Langeria magnifica
• Latanites
• Nelumbo aureavallis
• Neviusia dunthornei
• Orontium wolfei
• Paleopanax
• Peltandra primaeva
• Pinus driftwoodensis
• Rhizomnium dentatum
• Rhus malloryi
• Rhus rooseae
• Sassafras hesperia
• Saxonipollis
• Stonebergia
• Taxus masonii
• Tilia johnsoni
• Torreya clarnensis
• Trochodendron drachukii
• Trochodendron nastae

  [Oligocene]

• Acer ashwilli
• Acer chaneyi
• Acer dettermani
• Acer ivanofense
• Acer kenaicum
• Banksia novae-zelandiae

  [Miocene]

• Acer browni
• Acer latahense
• Acer smileyi
• Acer traini
• Carya washingtonensis branchlet; Nevada
• Droserapites
• Droserapollis
• Hymenaea allendis
• Hymenaea mexicana
• Hymenaea protera
• Osmunda wehrii
• Palaeoraphe
• Roystonea palaea
• Sequoiadendron chaneyi
• Wessiea yakimaensis''

  [Pliocene]

• Acer palaeorufinerve
• Pinus matthewsii

  [Pleistocene]

• Banksia kingii
• Banksia strahanensis
• Picea critchfieldii

  Modern extinctions

[Africa]

• Acalypha rubrinervis
• Aspalathus complicata
• Aspalathus cordicarpa
• Aspalathus variegata
• Barleria natalensis
• Brachystelma schoenlandianum
• Byttneria ivorensis
• Cephalophyllum parvulum
• Ceropegia antennifera
• Ceropegia bowkeri
• Coffea lemblinii
• Conophytum semivestitum
• Crassula subulata
• Cyclopia filiformis
• Disa forcipata
• Dryopteris ascensionis
• Erica alexandri subsp. acockii
• Erica foliacea subsp. fulgens
• Erica pyramidalis var. pyramidalis
• Eugenia pusilla
• Helichrysum outeniquense
• Heliotropium pannifolium
• Isolepis bulbifera
• Lampranthus vanzijliae
• Leucadendron grandiflorum
• Leucadendron spirale
• Liparia graminifolia
• Macledium pretoriense
• Macrostylis villosa subsp. minor
• Nemesia micrantha
• Nesiota elliptica
• Oldenlandia adscensionis
• Orchidea eupolyanthis
• Osteospermum hirsutum
• Pausinystalia brachythyrsum
• Polhillia ignota
• Psoralea cataracta
• Psoralea gueinzii
• Silphium – Ferula ?
• Sporobolus durus
• Thamnea depressa
• Trochetiopsis melanoxylon
• Vernonella africana
• Willdenowia affinis
• Xysmalobium baurii

  [Americas]

• Roan Mountain False Goat's-beard – Astilbe crenatiloba
• Galapagos Amaranth – Blutaparon rigidum
• Rio de Janeiro Myrtle – Campomanesia lundiana
• Casearia quinduensis
• Rio de Janeiro Sapota – Chrysophyllum januariense
• Havana Fragrant Tree – Cnidoscolus fragrans
• Santa Cruz Bryophyte – Flabellidium spinosum
• Cuban Ruta Tree – Galipea ossana
• Cuban Guettarda Tree – Guettarda retusa
• Licania caldasiana
• Mason River Myrtle – Myrcia skeldingii
• Appalachian Yellow Asphodel – Narthecium montanum
• Hastings County Neomacounia – Neomacounia nitida
• Bigleaf Scurfpea – Orbexilum macrophyllum
• Falls-of-the-Ohio scurfpea – Orbexilum stipulatum
• Rio de Janeiro Pouteria – Pouteria stenophylla
• Cajamarca Pradosia – Pradosia argentea
• Rio de Janeiro Pradosia – Pradosia glaziovii
• Colombian Pradosia – Pradosia mutisii
• Jamaican Psidium – Psidium dumetorum
• Juan Fernandez Santalum – Santalum fernandezianum
• Thismia americana – Thismia americana

  [Asia]

• Adiantum lianxianense
• Sri Lanka Legume Tree – Crudia zeylanica
• Kerala Legume Tree – Cynometra beddomei
• Sumatra Dipterocarpus – Dipterocarpus cinereus
• Arunchal Hopea Tree – Hopea shingkeng
• Nilgiri Holly – Ilex gardneriana
• Karnataka Sapota – Madhuca insignis
• Hainan Ormosia – Ormosia howii
• Hainan Otophora – Otophora unilocularis
• Pluchea glutinosa
• Psiadia schweinfurthii
• Sarawak Shorea – Shorea cuspidata
• Meghalaya Sterculia – Sterculia khasiana
• Valerianella affinis
• Courtallum Wendlandia – Wendlandia angustifolia
• Woolly-stalked Begonia – Begonia eiromischa
• Ruzhildalani "Ruzhil"

  [Europe]

• Cry Pansy – Viola cryana

  [Oceania]

• Hawaii Chaff Flower – Achyranthes atollensis
• Argyroxiphium virescens
• Balanops microstachya
• Casearia tinifolia
• Clermontia multiflora
• New Calodonia Sapinda – Cupaniopsis crassivalvis
• Haleakala Cyanea Tree – Cyanea arborea
• Cyanea comata
• Cyanea cylindrocalyx
• Cyanea dolichopoda
• Giffard's Cyanea Tree – Cyanea giffardii
• Mark's Cyanea Tree – Cyanea marksii - update in 2016: This plant is endemic to Hawaiʻi, where it has experienced severe and ongoing decline in habitat and numbers due to the impacts of invasive plants and animals. Previously it was believed to be Extinct, but the rediscovery of 12 plants resulted in it being downlisted to CR.
• Pohaku Cyanea Tree – Cyanea pohaku
• Kohala Cyanea Tree – Cyanea pycnocarpa
• Oak-leaved Cyanea Tree – Cyanea quercifolia
• Dracaena umbraculifera
• Taravai Aster Tree – Fitchia mangarevensis
• Moorea Laurel – Hernandia drakeana
• Kawaihae Hibiscadelphus – Hibiscadelphus bombycinus
• Puhielelu Hibiscadelphus – Hibiscadelphus crucibracteatus
• Auwahi Hibiscadelphus – Hibiscadelphus wilderianus
• Oahu Kokia – Kokia lanceolata
• Cross-bearing Pelea – Melicope cruciata
• Maui Ruta Tree – Melicope haleakalae
• Obovate Melicope – Melicope obovata
• Nuku Hiva Neisosperma – Neisosperma brownii
• Fatu Hiva Ochrosia – Ochrosia fatuhivensis
• Nuku Hiva Ochrosia – Ochrosia nukuhivensis
• Tahiti Ochrosia – Ochrosia tahitensis
• Psychotria veillonii
• Koé Stenocarpus – Stenocarpus dumbeensis
• Norfolk Island Streblorrhiza – Streblorrhiza speciosa
• Fijian Weinmannia – Weinmannia spiraeoides
• Skottsberg's Wikstroemia – Wikstroemia skottsbergiana
• Hakeakala Wikstroemia – Wikstoemia villosa
• Prony Bay Xanthostemon – Xanthostemon sebertii

  Plants extinct in the wild

Africa

• St. Helena roundleaf gumwood –
• Encephalartos brevifoliolatus
• Encephalartos nubimontanus
• Encephalartos relictus
• Encephalartos woodii
• Erica bolusiae Salter var. cyathiformis
• Erica turgida
• Erica verticillata
• Pleiospilos simulans
• Lotus berthelotii
• St. Helena redwood –

  Americas

• Cosmos atrosanguineus
• Csapodya splendens
• Root-spine Palm –
• Cuban Erythroxylum –
• Franklin Tree –
• Laelia gouldiana
• Biznaguita –
• Biznaguita –
• Rio de Janeiro Terminalia –
• Bastard gumwood

  Asia

• India Monocarpic Palm – -
• Pallasana Spurge –
• Yunnan Malva –
• Kalimantan Mango –
• Sarawak Mango –
• Kanehira Azalea –
• Tulipa sprengeri)

  Europe

Oceania

• Cyanea pinnatifida
• Royal Cyanea Tree –
• Punaluu Cyanea –
• Fuzzyflower Cyrtandra –
• Hemiandra rutilans
• Cooke's Kokia –
• Toromiro –

  Extinct plant cultivars

• "Ansault" – pear cultivar
• Semper augustus – tulip traded during tulip mania
• "Taliaferro" – apple cultivar
• "Viceroy" – tulip traded during tulip mania

  Plants previously thought extinct and subsequently rediscovered

• Badula ovalifolia – from Mauritius. Known in 1830s; collected in 1970 and 1997 but misidentified /confirmed identity in 2008
• Café marron – rediscovered on Rodrigues in 1979
• Jellyfish tree – rediscovered in Seychelles in the 1970s
• Sichuan Thuja – rediscovered 1999
• Gibraltar Campion – rediscovered on Gibraltar in 1994
• Astragalus nitidiflorus – rediscovered 2004

  Extinct algae

• Bennett's Seaweed – a red alga.