List of geochronologic names

This is a list of official and unofficial names for time spans in the geologic timescale and units of chronostratigraphy. Since many of the smallest subdivisions of the geologic timescale were in the past defined on regional lithostratigraphic units, there are many alternative names that overlap. The body concerned with standardizing the names of geochronologic units is the International Commission on Stratigraphy. In 2008 however, even though the Phanerozoic eon is almost completely divided into internationally recognizable units, local subdivisions are often still preferred over the international ones.

List

Name	base/start	top/end	status	subdivision of	usage	named after	author, year	-
Aalenian	175.6 ± 2.0	171.6 ± 3.0	age	Jurassic	ICS	Aalen	Mayer-Eymar, 1864	-
Abereiddian	471.8 ± 1.6	464	age	Ordovician	regional	Abereiddy	Fortey et al., 1995	-
Actonian	454	453	age	Ordovician	regional	Acton Scott	Bancroft, 1929	-
Adelaidean	1,300	542	age	Proterozoic	Australia	Adelaide		-
Aegean	245 ± 1.5	244	age	Triassic	Europe	Aegean Sea	Tozer, 1967	-
Aeronian	439.0 ± 1.8	436.0 ± 1.9	age	Silurian	ICS	Cwm-coed-aeron	Cocks et al., 1971	-
Aftonian	0.6	0.48	age	Pleistocene	North America		Chamberlin, 1895	-
Agenian	23	20.4	ELMMZ	Miocene	Europe	Agen	Alberdi & Aguirre, 1977	-
Aimchanian		1100	age	Proterozoic	Siberia			-
Aksayan	493	491.5	age	Cambrian	Russia, Kazakhstan		Ergaliev, 1980	-
Alaunian	216	211	sub-age	Triassic	Europe			-
Albertan			epoch	Cambrian	North America		Dawson, 1895	-
Albian	112.0 ± 1.0	99.6 ± 0.9	age	Cretaceous	ICS	Albia, Latin name of the river Aube	d'Orbigny, 1842	-
Aldingan	36	30	age	Eocene	Australia			-
Algonkian		543	age	Proterozoic	international	Algonquian native peoples of Canada	Powell, 1890	-
Allerød	13,350 BP	12,700 BP	chronozone	Weichselian	Northern Europe	Allerød	Haltz & Milthers, 1901	-
Alportian	324.5	318.1 ± 1.3	age	Carboniferous	regional	Alport	Ramsbotton, 1979	-
Altonian	19.0	15.9	age	Miocene	New Zealand	Alton Burn, Southland Region	Frye & Wilmann, 1960	-
Amazonian	~1,800	present	Martian epoch	Martian epoch	Mars	Amazonis Planitia	Greeley & Spudis, 1981	-
Amgan	513.0 ± 2.0	502	age	Cambrian	Russia, Kazakhstan		Guarari, 1955	-
Amstelian	2.588	2.40	super-age	Pleistocene	Netherlands	river Amstel	Harmer, 1896	-
Anglian	0.465	0.418	age	Pleistocene	Great Britain	East Anglia		-
Animikean	2,225	1,400	age	Proterozoic	North America		Hunt, 1873	-
Anisian	245.0 ± 1.5	237.0 ± 2.0	age	Triassic	ICS	Anisus, Latin name for the river Enns	Mojsisovics, 1869	-
Antian	~2.12	~2.0	age	Pleistocene	Great Britain	River Ant	West, 1962	-
Antwerpian	± 21	± 12	age	Miocene	Belgium	Antwerp	Gogels, 1879	-
Aphebian	2500	1600	age	Proterozoic	North America		Stockwell, 1964	-
Aptian	125.0 ± 1.0	112.0 ± 1.0	age	Cretaceous	ICS	Apt	d'Orbigny, 1840	-
Aquatraversian	2.588	2.4	age	Pleistocene	Italy			-
Aquilan	85.2	82.2	NALMA	Cretaceous	North America		Russell, 1975	-
Aquitanian	23.03	20.43	age	Miocene	ICS	Aquitaine	Mayer-Eymar, 1857	-
Archean	4,000	2,500	eon		ICS		Dana, 1876	-
Arenig			epoch	Ordovician	Europe	Arenig Fawr	Sedgwick, 1847; Fearnsides 1905	-
Arikareean	30.8	20.6	super-age	Oligo-Miocene	North America		Wood "et al.", 1941	-
Arnold	43.0	34.3	epoch	Paleogene	New Zealand	Arnold River	Kingma, 1962	-
Arnsbergian	326	325	sub-age	Carboniferous	regional		Hudson & Cotton, 1943	-
Arowhanan	95.2	92.1	age	Cretaceous	New Zealand	Arowhana	Wellman, 1959	-
Arshantan	52.1	46.2	ALMA	Eocene	Asia		Romer, 1966	-
Artinskian	284.4 ± 0.7	275.6 ± 0.7	age	Permian	ICS	Arti	Karpinsky, 1874	-
Arundian	341	339	age	Carboniferous	regional	from Hobbyhorse Bay, Castlemartin, Pembrokeshire, Wales	Ramsbotton, 1974	-
Asbian	337.5	333	age	Carboniferous	regional	Little Asby Scar, Cumbria, England	Ramsbotton, 1979	-
Ashbyan			age	Ordovician	North America			-
Ashgill			epoch	Ordovician	Europe	Ash Gill near Coniston, Cumbria	Marr, 1905	-
Asselian	299.0 ± 0.8	294.6 ± 0.8	age	Permian	ICS	river Assel	Ruzhenchev, 1954	-
Astaracian	15	11.1	ELMMZ	Miocene	Europe	The Astarac	Alberdi & Aguirre, 1977	-
Asturian		305	age	Carboniferous	Europe	Asturias	Stille, 1920	-
Atdabanian	530	524	age	Cambrian	Russia, Kazakhstan		Pelman, 1977	-
Atlantic	5,660 BP	9,220 BP	chronozone	Holocene	Northern Europe	the Atlantic Ocean	Blytt, 1876	-
Atokan			age	Carboniferous	North America		Spivey & Roberts, 1946	-
Aurelucian	460.9	457	age	Ordovician	Europe			-
Austinian			age	Cretaceous	south and east of the US	Austin, Texas	Murray, 1961	-
Autunian	~300	~275	age	Carboniferous-Permian	Europe	Autun	Munier-Chalmas & Lapparent, 1893	-
Avernian	29.2	23.03	ELMMZ	Oligocene	Europe			-
Awamoan	20.0	17.5	age	Miocene	New Zealand		Thompson, 1916	-
Ayusokkanian	501.0 ± 2.0	494.5	age	Cambrian	Russia, Kazakhstan		Geyer & Shergold, 2000	-
Azoic see Archean								-
Badenian	16.3	12.8	age	Miocene	Paratethys	Baden	Papp & Cicha, 1968	-
Baikalian	850	650	age	Proterozoic	Siberia	Lake Baikal	Pavloski, 1948	-
Bairnsdalian	15.0	10.5	age	Miocene	Australia			-
Baishaean	433	429	age	Silurian	China		Lu et al., 1974	-
Bajocian	171.6 ± 3.0	167.7 ± 3.5	age	Jurassic	ICS	Bayeux	d'Orbigny,1844	-
Balcombian	15.5	15.0	age	Miocene	Australia		Hall & Pritchard, 1902	-
Baotan	460.9	454.5	age	Ordovician	China			-
Barremian	130.0 ± 1.5	125.0 ± 1.0	age	Cretaceous	ICS	Barrême	Coquand, 1873	-
Barruelian			age	Carboniferous	Europe		George & Wagner, 1972	-
Barstovian	16.3	13.6	age	Miocene	North America		Wood "et al.", 1941	-
Bartonian	37.2 ± 0.1	40.4 ± 0.2	age	Eocene	ICS	Barton-on-Sea	Mayer-Eymar, 1857	-
Bashkirian	318.1 ± 1.3	311.7 ± 1.1	age	Carboniferous	ICS	Bashkortostan	Semikhatova, 1934	-
Basin Groups 1-9	4,150	3,850	subperiod	Prenectarium	Moon	groups of impact basins		-
Batesfordian	16.5	15.5	age	Miocene	Australia		Chapman & Singleton, 1923	-
Bathonian	167.7 ± 3.5	164.7 ± 4.0	age	Jurassic	ICS	Bath	D´Orbigny, 1852	-
Batyrbayan	491.5	488.3	age	Cambrian	Russia, Kazakhstan		Apollonov & Chugaeva, 1983	-
Bavel Interglacial	1.03	0.96	age	Pleistocene	Netherlands	Bavel	Zagwijn & De Jong, 1964	-
Bavelian	1.03	0.85	super-age	Pleistocene	Netherlands	Bavel	Zawijn & De Jong, 1964	-
Baventian	~2.0	~1.87	age	Pleistocene	Great Britain	Easton Bavents	West, 1961	-
Bedoulian	129.97	125.0	sub-age	Cretaceous	regional		Toucas, 1873	-
Beestonian	1.77	~0.8	age	Pleistocene	Great Britain	Beeston, Norfolk	West & Wilson, 1966	-
Belvédère Interglacial	0.338	0.324	age	Pleistocene	Netherlands	quarry "Belvédère"		-
Bendigonian	473.5	471.8	age	Ordovician	Australia	Bendigo, Victoria	Benson & Keble, 1935	-
Berriasian	145.5 ± 4.0	140.2 ± 3.0	age	Cretaceous	ICS	Berrias	Coquand, 1871	-
Biber Glacial	~2.5	2.35	age	Pleistocene	Alps	river Biber	Schaefer, 1953	-
Biber-Donau			age	Pleistocene	Alps			-
Blancan	4.9	1.8	age	Plio-Pleistocene	North America		Wood "et al", 1941	-
Black River	North America		Vanuxem, 1842	-
Bolderian	<21	>16	age	Miocene	Belgium	Bolderberg	Dumont, 1850	-
Bolindian	450	443.7	age	Ordovician	Australia		Webby, 1976	-
Bølling	13,730 BP	13,480 BP	chronozone	Weichselian	Northern Europe	Bølling Sø	Iversen, 1942	-
Bolsovian			age	Carboniferous	Europe	Bolsover	Jongsmans, 1928	-
Boomerangian	504	501	age	Cambrian	Australia		Öpik, 1979	-
Boreal	10,640 BP	9,220 BP	chronozone	Holocene	Northern Europe	boreal zone in ecology	Blytt, 1876	-
Bortonian	43.0	37.0	age	Eocene	New Zealand	Bortons	Hornibrook, 1961	-
Botomian	524	518.5	age	Cambrian	Russia, Kazakhstan		Repina, 1964	-
Bramertonian	~2.12	~2.0	age	Pleistocene	Great Britain	Bramerton Pits	Funnell, Norton, West and Mayhew, 1979	-
Bridgerian	50.3	46.2	age	Eocene	North America		Wood et al., 1941	-
Brigantian	336	326.4 ± 1.6	age	Carboniferous	North America, Europe	Brigantes	Ramsbotton, 1979	-
Brioverian	~680	~600	age	Neoproterozoic	Armorican Massif, France		Barrois, 1899	-
Brüggenian	2.588	2.4	chronozone	Pleistocene	Northwest Europe			-
Brunssumian	5.3	3.6	chronozone	Pliocene	Northwest Europe	Brunssum	Zagwijn, 1960	-
Bulitian	55.8	53	age	Eocene	California		Mallory, 1959	-
Bumbanian	55.7	52.1	ALMA	Eocene	Asia		Russell & Zhai, 1987	-
Buntsandstein	251.0 ± 0.4	246.6	epoch/subperiod	Triassic	Europe	German: bunte Sandstein = coloured sandstone	Von Alberti, 1834	-
Burdigalian	20.43	15.97	age	Miocene	ICS	Latin: Burdigala = Bordeaux	Depéret, 1892	-
Burrellian	457	455	age	Ordovician	Europe	Glenburrell	Fortey "et al.", 1995	-
Burzyan	1,400	1,375	age	Proterozoic	Russia		Kefler, 1952	-
Caerfai	542 ± 0.2	513 ± 2	age	Cambrian	Europe	Caerfai Bay	Cowie "et al.", 1972	-
Calabrian	1.806	0.781	age	Pleistocene	Southern Europe	Calabria	Gignoux, 1913	-
Callovian	164.7 ± 4.0	161.2 ± 4.0	age	Jurassic	ICS	Kellaways	d'Orbigny, 1849	-
Calymmian	1,600	1,400	period	Proterozoic	ICS		Plumb, 1991	-
Cambrian	542.0 ± 1.0	488.3 ± 1.7	period	Paleozoic	ICS	Cambria	Sedgwick, 1835	-
Campanian	83.5 ± 0.7	70.6 ± 0.6	age	Cretaceous	ICS	Champagne	Coquand, 1857	-
Canadian			epoch	Ordovician	North America			-
Cantabrian	305		age	Carboniferous	Europe		Wagner, 1965	-
Capitanian	265.8 ± 0.7	260.4 ± 0.7	age	Permian	ICS	Capitan Reef	Richardson, 1904	-
Caradocian	460.9	449.5	epoch	Ordovician	Europe	Caradoc	Murchison, 1839	-
Carboniferous	359.2 ± 2.5	299.0 ± 0.8	period	Paleozoic	ICS	carbon	Conybeare & Phillips, 1822	-
Carixian	189.6 ± 1.5		sub-age	Jurassic	regional		Lang, 1913	-
Carnian	228.0 ± 2.0	216.5 ± 2.0	age	Triassic	ICS	Carnic Alps	Mojsisovics, 1869	-
Carpentarian	1,800	1,300	age	Proterozoic	Australia	Gulf of Carpentaria	Dunn et al., 1966	-
Casamajoran	54	48	age	Eocene	South America		Pascual, 1965	-
Cassian	1.1	0.8	age	Pleistocene	Italy		Mayer-Eymar, 1888	-
Cassinian	473	471.8	sub-age	Ordovician	North America		Flower, 1957	-
Castlecliffian	1.63	0.34	age	Pleistocene	New Zealand	Castlecliff	Thompson, 1916	-
Castlemanian	471	470	age	Ordovician	Australia	Castlemaine	Strachan, 1972	-
Cautleyan	447.5	446.5	age	Ordovician	Europe	Cautley Spout	Marr, 1914	-
Cayugan	421.3 ± 2.6	416.0 ± 2.8	age	Silurian	North America		Clark & Schuchert, 1898	-
Cenomanian	99.6 ± 0.9	93.5 ± 0.8	age	Cretaceous	ICS	Latin: Cenomanium = Le Mans	d'Orbigny, 1847	-
Cenozoic	65.5 ± 0.3	present	era	Phanerozoic	ICS	new life	Phillips, 1847	-
Cernaysian	55.9	55.0	ELMMZ	Paleocene	Europe		Lemoine, 1880	-
Chadian	345.3 ± 2.1	341	age	Carboniferous	regional	St Chad, Chatburn, Lancashire	Ramsbotton, 1979	-
Chadronian	38.0	33.9	age	Eocene	North America		Wood "et al.", 1941	-
Chamovnicheskian	306	305	age	Carboniferous	Russia			-
Champlanian			epoch	Ordovician	North America		Emmons, 1842	-
Changhsingian	253.8 ±0.7	251.0 ± 0.4	age	Permian	ICS	Changxing	Sheng, 1963	-
Changlangpuan	523	518	age	Cambrian	China			-
Changshanian	496.8	492.5	age	Cambrian	China		Walcott, 1913	-
Chapadmalalan	4.0	3.0	age	Pliocene	South America		Kraglievich, 1930	-
Chasicoan	10.0	9.0	age	Miocene	South America		Cabrera & Kraglievich, 1928	-
Chatauquan	370	359.2 ± 2.5	age	Devonian	South America		Clark & Schuchert 1898	-
Chattian	28.4 ± 0.1	23.03	age	Oligocene	ICS	Chatti	Fuchs, 1894	-
Chautauquan			age	Devonian	North America			-
Chazyan			age	Ordovician	North America		Kay, 1958	-
Cheltenhamian	5.0	4.3	age	Pliocene	Australia		Mayer-eymar, 1881	-
Cheneyan	455	452	age	Ordovician	Europe			-
Cheremshankian	314.5	313.4	age	Carboniferous	Russia		Aisenverg, 1979	-
Chesterian	333	318.1	age	Carboniferous	North America		Worthen, 1860	-
Chewtonian	473	471	age	Ordovician	Australia		Harris & Thomas, 1938	-
Chokierian	325	324.5	sub-age	Carboniferous	regional	Chokier, Belgium	Hodson	-
Cincinnatian	451	443.7 ± 1.5	epoch	Ordovician	North America	Cincinnati	Meek & Worthen, 1865	-
Cisuralian	299.0 ± 0.8	270.6 ± 0.7	epoch	Permian	ICS		Waterhouse, 1982	-
Clansayesian	115.0	112.0	sub-age	Cretaceous			Breistroffer, 1947	-
Clarendonian	13.6	10.3	age	Miocene	North America		Wood "et al.", 1941	-
Clarkforkian	56.8	55.4	age	Paleo-Eocene	North America		Granger, 1914	-
Clifdenian	15.9	15.1	age	Miocene	New Zealand	Clifden	Fleming, 1959	-
Colhuehuapian	21.0	17.5	age	Miocene	South America		Flynn " et al.", 1995	-
Colloncuran	15.5	13.8	age	Miocene	South America		Groeber, 1929	-
Coniacian	89.3 ± 1.0	85.8 ± 0.7	age	Cretaceous	ICS	Cognac	Coquand, 1857	-
Copernican	1,100	present	period		Moon	Copernicus		-
Costonian	460.9	459	age	Ordovician	regional		Bancroft, 1933	-
Couvinian	397.5 ± 2.7	391.8 ± 2.7	age	Devonian	Belgium	Couvin	d'Omalius d'Halloy, 1862	-
Cressagian	488.3 ± 1.7	486	age	Ordovician	Europe			-
Cretaceous	145.5 ± 4.0	65.5 ± 0.3	period	Mesozoic	ICS	Crete; Latin creta=chalk	d'Omalius d'Halloy, 1822	-
Croixan			epoch	Cambrian	North America			-
Cromerian	0.85	0.465	super-age/age	Pleistocene	Netherlands, Great Britain	Cromer	Reid, 1882	-
Cryogenian	850	635.5 ± 1.2	period	Proterozoic	ICS	frozen beginning	Plumb, 1991	-
Cryptic	4,567	4,150	epoch	Prenectarian	Moon	hidden		-
Dacian	5.332 ± 0.005	3.600 ± 0.005	age	Pliocene	Paratethys	Dacia	Teisseyre, 1907	-
Dalanian	313	310	age	Carboniferous	China			-
Danian	65.5 ± 0.3	61.7 ± 0.2	age	Paleocene	ICS	Denmark	Desor, 1847	-
Dannevirke	65.0	43.0	epoch	Paleogene	New Zealand	Dannevirke	Kingma, 1962	-
Dapingian	471.8 ± 1.6	468.1 ± 1.6	age	Ordovician	ICS	Daping	Huang & Zhu, 1948	-
Darriwilian	468.1 ± 1.6	460.9 ± 1.6	age	Ordovician	ICS	Darriwil	Hall, 1899	-
Datangian	345	333	age	Carboniferous	China		Ding, 1931	-
Datsonian	488.3 ± 1.7	485	age	Ordovician	Australia		Jones et al., 1971	-
Dawanian	472	471.8	age	Ordovician	North America		Xiang "et al.", 1980	-
Deerparkian			age	Devonian	North America		Cooper et al., 1942	-
Delamaran	512	504	age	Cambrian	North America	Palmer, 1998	-	-
Delmontian	7.5	2.9	age	Plio-Miocene	California		Kleinpell, 1938	-
Demingian	478.6	475	sub-age	Ordovician	North America		Flower, 1957	-
Derryan	311.7 ± 1.1	308	age	Carboniferous	North America		Thmpson, 1942	-
Deseadan	29.0	21.0	age	Oligo-Miocene	South America		Flynn & Wisher, 1995	-
Desmoinesian			age	Carboniferous	North America		Keyes, 1893	-
Deurnian			age	Miocene	Belgium	Deurne	de Heinzelin	-
Devensian	0.116	0.0115	age	Pleistocene	Great Britain	Devenses, Celtic tribe by the Deva	Godwin, 1956	-
Devonian	416.0 ± 2.8	359.2 ± 2.5	period	Paleozoic	ICS	Devon	Murchison & Sedgwick, 1839	-
Dewuan	333	318.1 ± 1.3	age	Carboniferous	China		Yang "et al.", 1962	-
Dinantian	359.2 ± 2.5	326.4 ± 1.6	epoch/sub-period	Carboniferous	Northern Europe	Dinant	Munier-Chalmas & Lapparent, 1893	-
Dittonian	418		age	Devonian	Wales and England	Ditton Priors, Shropshire, England	King, 1921	-
Divisaderan	42	36	age	Eocene	South America		Pascual, 1983	-
Dogger	175.6 ± 2.0	161.2 ± 4.0	epoch	Jurassic	Northern Europe	dogger=ironrich sediment type	Naumann, 1854	-
Dolgellian	492.5	488.3 ± 1.7	age	Cambrian	regional	Dolgellau, Wales	Harland et al., 1989	-
Domerian		183.0 ± 1.5	sub-age	Jurassic	regional		Bonarelli, 1894	-
Donau Glacial	1.7	1.35	age	Pleistocene	Alps	river Danube	Eberl, 1930	-
Donau-Günz		>2.35	age	Pleistocene	Alps			-
Dorogomilovskian	305	303.9 ± 0.9	age	Carboniferous	regional		Ivanov, 1926	-
Drenthian	0.238	0.17	chronozone	Pleistocene	Northwest Europe	Drenthe	Van Der Vlerk & Florschutz, 1950	-
Dresbachian	501	496.8	age	Cambrian	North America		Howell, 1944	-
Drumian	506.5	503	age	Cambrian	ICS	Drum Mountains	Peng & Robinson, 2000	-
Duchesnean	42.0	38.0	age	Eocene	North America		Wood "et al"., 1941	-
Duckmantian			age	Carboniferous	Europe	Duckmanton Railway Cutting, England	Jongmans, 1928	-
Duntroonian	27.3	25.2	age	Oligocene	New Zealand	Duntroon	Fleming, 1959	-
Dyeran	524.5	512	age	Cambrian	North America		Palmer, 1998	-
Eaglefordian			age	Cretaceous	Gulf and Atlantic coast of the US	Eagle Ford, Dallas, Texas	Murray, 1961	-
Early Imbrian	3850	3800	period		Moon	Mare Imbrium		-
Eastonian	456	450	age	Ordovician	Australia		Packham, 1968	-
Eburonian	1.80	1.45	super-age	Pleistocene	Netherlands	Eburones, Germanic tribe	Zagwijn, 1963	-
Ectasian	1,400	1,200	period	Proterozoic	ICS		Plumb, 1991	-
Edenian			age	Ordovician	North America		Twenhofel, 1954	-
Ediacaran	635.5 ± 1.2	542.0 ± 1.0	period	Proterozoic	ICS	Ediacara Hills	Cloud, 1972	-
Edmontonian	80.8	70.7	NALMA	Cretaceous	North America		Russel, 1975	-
Eemian	0.130	0.116	age	Pleistocene	Northern Europe	river Eem	Harting, 1875	-
Eifelian	397.5 ± 2.7	391.8 ± 2.7	age	Devonian	ICS	the Eifel	Beyrich, 1837	-
Egerian	25.8	20.3	age	Oligo-Miocene	Paratethys	Eger	Báldi & Seneš, 1968	-
Eggenburgian	20.8	18.3	age	Miocene	Paratethys	Eggenburg	Steininger & Seneš, 1968	-
Eildonian	433	428.2 ± 2.3	age	Silurian	Australia		Thomas, 1947	-
Elsterian	0.465	0.418	age	Pleistocene	Northern Europe	river Weißen Elster	Keilhack, 1911	-
Elvirian	326	324.5	age	Carboniferous	regional			-
Emilian	1.5	0.781	sub-age	Pleistocene	Italy		Ruggeri & Selli, 1948	-
Emscherian	89.5	83.5	age	Cretaceous	Germany		Munier-Chalmas & Lapparent, 1893	-
Emsian	407.0 ± 2.8	397.5 ± 2.7	age	Devonian	ICS	Bad Ems	de Dorlodot, 1900	-
Ensenadan	1.2	0.8	age	Pleistocene	South America		Ameghino, 1889	-
Eoarchean	none	3.600	era		ICS		Plumb, 1991	-
Eocene	55.8 ± 0.2	33.9 ± 0.1	epoch	Paleogene	ICS	earliest recent	Lyell, 1847	-
Eratosthenian	3,200	1,100	period		Moon	Eratosthenes		-
Ergilian	35.1	33.8	ALMA	Oligo-Eocene	Asia		Russell & Zhai, 1987	-
Erian	391.8 ± 2.7	388	age	Devonian	North America		Dawson, 1871	-
Famennian	374.5 ± 2.6	359.2 ± 2.5	age	Devonian	ICS	the Famenne	Dumont, 1855	-
Fassanian	237 ± 2.0	233	sub-age	Triassic	Europe		Mojsisovics, 1895	-
Fengshanian	492.5	488.3 ± 1.7	age	Cambrian	China		Lu, 1962	-
Fennian	473	471.8	age	Ordovician	Europe		Fortey & Owens, 1987	-
Festiniogian	496.8	492.5	age	Cambrian	regional	Ffestiniog, Wales	Harland et al., 1990	-
Flaminian	0.5	0.3	age	Pleistocene	Italy			-
Flandrian	0.01	present	age	Holocene	Western Europe	Flanders	Rutot & Van den Broeck, 1885	-
Floian	478.6 ± 1.7	471.8 ± 1.6	age	Ordovician	ICS	Flo	Gradstein "et al", 2004	-
Florian	508	504	age	Cambrian	Australia			-
Fortunian	542.0 ± 1.0	528	age	Cambrian	ICS	Fortune Head	Brassier "et al.", 1994	-
Franconian	496.8	492.5	age	Cambrian	North America		Lapparent, 1893	-
Frasnian	385.3 ± 2.6	374.5 ± 2.6	age	Devonian	ICS	Frasne	d'Omalius d'Halloy, 1862	-
Friasian	16.3	15.5	age	Miocene	South America		Kraglievich, 1930	-
Fujian	11.1	9.5	age	Miocene	Japan		Ikebe, 1977	-
Fupingan	3,100	2,600	age	Archaean	China			-
Furongian	501.0 ± 2.0	488.3 ± 1.7	epoch	Cambrian	ICS	Furong	Cowie & Bassett, 1989	-
Gallic	130.0 ± 1.5	89.3 ± 1.0	epoch	Cretaceous	obsolete		Smith, 1815	-
Gargasian	121.0	115.0	sub-age	Cretaceous	regional		Kilian, 1887	-
Gashatan	56.9	55.7	ALMA	Paleo-Eocene	Asia		Romer, 1966	-
Gaultian			sub-age	Cretaceous	regional		Smith, 1817	-
Gedinian	416.0 ± 2.8	411.2 ± 2.8	age	Devonian	Belgium	Gedinne	Dumont, 1848	-
Geiseltalian	48.5	42.7	ELMMZ	Eocene	Europe		Franzel & Haubold, 1986	-
Gelasian	2.588	1.806	age	Pleistocene	ICS	Gela	Rio et al., 1998	-
Geringian	30.8	26.3	age	Oligocene	North America		Schultz & Falkenbach, 1968	-
Gisbornian	460.9	456	age	Ordovician	Australia		Thomas, 1960	-
Givetian	391.8 ± 2.7	385.3 ± 2.6	age	Devonian	ICS	Givet	d'Omalius d'Halloy, 1839	-
Gleedonian	425.4	422.9 ± 2.5	age	Silurian	regional		Bassett "et al.", 1975	-
Gorstian	422.9 ± 2.5	421.3 ± 2.6	age	Silurian	ICS	Gorsty	Holland et al., 1980	-
Gramian	10.3	8.5	age	Miocene	Northern Germany		Hinsch, 1952	-
Grauvian	50.8	48.5	ELMMZ	Eocene	Europe		Savage & Russell, 1977	-
Greenlandian	0.0117	0.0082	age	Holocene	ICS	North Greenland Ice Core Project		-
Guadalupian	270.6 ± 0.7	260.4 ± 0.7	epoch	Permian	ICS	Guadalupe Mountains	Girty, 1908	-
Guandian	425.5	422	age	Silurian	China		Ting & Wang, 1937	-
Gulf			epoch	Cretaceous	south and east of the US	the Mexican Gulf	Cobban & Reeside, 1952	-
Günz Glacial	2.35		age	Pleistocene	Alps	river Günz	Penck & Bruckner, 1909	-
Günz-Mindel			age	Pleistocene	Alps			-
Gushanian	596.8	501	age	Cambrian	China		Kobayashi, 1935	-
Guzhangian	503	499	age	Cambrian	ICS	Guzhang	Peng, 1992	-
Gzhelian	303.9 ± 0.9	299.0 ± 0.8	age	Carboniferous	ICS	Gzhel	Nikitim, 1890	-
Hadean	none	4000	eon		ICS	Hades, hell	Cloud, 1972	-
Hadrynian	850	542	age	Neoproterozoic	North America		Fahrig "et al.", 1971	-
Hallian	~10.000	0	age	Holocene	California			-
Haranoyan	18.2	15.97	age	Miocene	Japan		Ikebe, 1977	-
Harnagian	459	458	age	Ordovician	regional		Bancroft, 1929	-
Harrisonian	24.8	20.6	age	Oligo-Miocene	North America		Wilson, 1960	-
Hastarian	359.2 ± 2.5	348	age	Carboniferous	regional		Conil, 1977	-
Haumurian	84	65.5	age	Cretaceous	New Zealand	Haumuri Bluff		-
Hautawan	3.1	2.2	sub-age	Plio-Pleistocene	New Zealand			-
Hauterivian	136.4 ± 2.0	130.0 ± 1.5	age	Cretaceous	ICS	Hauterive	Renevier, 1873	-
Haweran	0.01	present	age	Holocene	New Zealand	Hawera	Thompson, 1917	-
Headonian	37.2	33.8	ELMMZ	Oligo-Eocene	Europe		Bosma, 1974	-
Helikian	1,600	850	age	Proterozoic	North America		Stockwell, 1964	-
Hemingfordian	20.6	16.3	age	Miocene	North America		Wood "et al.", 1941	-
Hemmoorian			age	Miocene	Northern Germany		Kautsky, 1925	-
Hemphillian	10.3	4.9	age	Mio-Pliocene	North America		Wood "et al.", 1941	-
Heretaungan	49.5	46.2	age	Eocene	New Zealand	Heretaunga Plains	Hornibrook & Harrington, 1957	-
Hesperian	~3,500	~1,800	Martian epoch		Mars	Hesperia Planum		-
Hettangian	199.6 ± 0.6	196.5 ± 1.0	age	Jurassic	ICS	Hettange-Grande	Renevier, 1864	-
Hirnantian	445.6 ± 1.5	443.7 ± 1.5	age	Ordovician	ICS	Cwm Hirnant	Bancroft, 1933	-
Holkerian	339	337.5	age	Carboniferous	regional		Ramsbotton, 1979	-
Holocene	11,800 BP	present	epoch	Quaternary	ICS	Greek: totally new	Gervais, 1867	-
Holsteinian	0.418	0.386	age	Pleistocene	Northern Europe	Holstein	Jung, 1957	-
Homerian	426.2 ± 2.4	422.9 ± 2.5	age	Silurian	ICS	Homer	Bassett et al., 1975	-
Honghuayuanian	478.6	472	age	Ordovician	China		Yang, 1990	-
Houldjinian	37.2	33.9	ALMA		Asia		Meng "et al.", 1998	-
Houthalenian	<21	>16	age	Miocene	Belgium	Houthalen	Hirsch, 1952	-
Hoxnian	0.418	0.386	age	Pleistocene	Great Britain	Hoxne	West & Donner, 1956	-
Hsandgolian	33.8	24.0	ALMA	Oligocene	Asia		Meng "et al"., 1998	-
Huashibanian	318.1 ± 1.3	313	age	Carboniferous	China		Jin "et al.", 1962	-
Huayquerian	9.0	6.8	age	Miocene	South America		Pascual & Odreman, 1971	-
Hutchinsonian	21	20	age	Miocene	New Zealand		Fleming, 1959	-
Huronian	2,500	1,400	age	Proterozoic	worldwide		Logan & Murray, 1855	-
Ibexian	~505	471.8	age	Cambrian-Ordovician	North America		Ross, 1951	-
Icenian	2.4	~2	age	Pleistocene	Netherlands, England	Iceni, ancient tribe	Harmer, 1900	-
Idamean	497	494	age	Cambrian	Australia		Öpik, 1963	-
Ilfordian			age	Pleistocene	British Isles	Ilford	Bowen, 1978	-
Illinoian	0.17	0.125	age	Pleistocene	North America		Chamberlin, 1896	-
Illyrian	240 ± 2.0	237 ± 2.0	sub-age	Triassic	Europe		Tozer, 1967	-
Induan	251.0 ± 0.4	249.7 ± 0.7	age	Triassic	ICS	river Indus	Kiparisova & Popov, 1956	-
Ionian	0.781	0.126	age	Pleistocene	Southern Europe	Ionian Sea	Carianfi, 1995	-
Ipswichian	0.130	0.116	age	Pleistocene	Great Britain	Ipswich	West, 1957	-
Irdinmanhan	46.2	40.4	ALMA	Eocene	Asia		Russell & Zhai, 1987	-
Irvingtonian	1.8		age	Pleistocene	North America	Irvington	Wood "et al.", 1941	-
Isuan	3,800	3,500	age	Archaean	Europe		McGregor, 1968	-
Itaboraian	59	57	age	Paleocene	South America		Paula-coutos, 1946	-
Ivorean	348	345.3 ± 2.1	age	Carboniferous	regional		Conil, 1977	-
Jacksonian			age	Eocene	southern US		Heilprin, 1882	-
Janjukian	30.0	27.5	age	Oligocene	Australia		Hall & Pritchard, 1902	-
Jeffersonian	475	473	sub-age	Ordovician	North America		Flower, 1979	-
Jinningian	1,750	800	age	Proterozoic	China		Peng, 2000	-
Jiusian			age	Carboniferous	China		Jin "et al"., 2000	-
Johannian	48	35	age	Eocene	Australia		Singleton, 1955	-
Judithian	82.2	80.8	NALMA	Cretaceous	North America		Russell, 1975	-
Julian	229.6 ± 2.0	222.5	sub-age	Triassic	Europe		Tozer, 1967	-
Jurassic	199.6 ± 0.6	145.5 ± 4.0	period	Mesozoic	ICS	Jura mountains	Brongniart, 1829	-
Kaburan	13.5	11.1	age	Miocene	Japan		Ikebe, 1977	-
Kaiatan	37.0	36.0	age	Eocene	New Zealand	Kaiata	Fleming, 1959	-
Kalimnan	4.3	3.4	age	Pliocene	Australia		Hall & Pritchard, 1902	-
Kansan	0.48	0.26	age	Pleistocene	North America		Geikie, 1894	-
Kapitean	6.5	5.0	age	Miocene	New Zealand	Kapitea Creek, West Coast Region	Fleming, 1959	-
Karatau	1,100	800	age	Proterozoic	Russia			-
Karoo Ice Age	~360	~260	ice age	Phanerozoic		Karoo		-
Karpatian	17.0	16.0	age	Miocene	Paratethys	the Carpathian Mountains	Cicha et al., 1967	-
Kashirskian	309.2	308.0	age	Carboniferous	Russia		Stepanov, 1962	-
Kasimovian	306.5 ± 1.0	303.9 ± 0.9	age	Carboniferous	ICS	Kasimov	Theodorovich, 1949	-
Kasterlian	~4.7	~3.6	age	Pliocene	Belgium	Kasterlee	Dumont, 1882	-
Katian	455.8 ± 1.6	445.6 ± 1.5	age	Ordovician	ICS	Lake Katy	Bergstrom et al., 2003	-
Kattendijkian	~5	~3.6	age	Pliocene	Belgium	Kattendijke	Glibert & de Heinzelin, 1957	-
Kazanian			age	Permian	Russia		Netxaev, 1915	-
Kechienjian	1.9	1.5	age	Pleistocene	Japan		Ikebe, 1977	-
Keiloran	443.7 ± 1.5	433	age	Silurian	Australia			-
Kekeamuan	28.4	33.9	ALMA		Asia		Wang, 1981	-
Keuper	±230	199.6	epoch	Triassic	Europe		Von Alberti, 1834	-
Kimmeridgian	155.7 ± 4.0	150.8 ± 4.0	age	Jurassic	ICS	Kimmeridge	d'Orbigny, 1852	-
Kinderhookian	359.2 ± 2.5	348	age	Carboniferous	North America		Bizat, 1928	-
Kinderscoutian	318.1 ± 1.3	317	age	Carboniferous	regional	Kinder Scout	Bisat	-
Kirkfield	458	457	age	Ordovician	regional		Liddell, 1975	-
Kiscellian		25.8	age	Oligocene	Paratethys		Nolf & Brzobohaty, 1994	-
Klazminskian	303.9 ± 0.9	300.5	age	Carboniferous	regional		Ivanova & Khovorova, 1955	-
Korangan	117.5	108.4	age	Cretaceous	New Zealand	Koranga	Wellman, 1959	-
Krevyakinskian	306.5	306	age	Carboniferous	Russia		Ivanova & Khovorova, 1955	-
Kryzhanovan	1.9	1.2	age	Pleistocene	Eastern Europe			-
Kungurian	275.6 ± 0.7	270.6 ± 0.7	age	Permian	ICS	Kungur	Stuckenberg, 1890	-
Lacian	217.4 ± 2.0	211	sub-age		Europe		Mojsisovics, 1895	-
Ladinian	237.0 ± 2.0	228.0 ± 2.0	age	Triassic	ICS	Ladini, people in northern Italy	Bittner, 1892	-
Lancefieldian	482	475	age	Ordovician	Australia		Harris & Keble, 1932	-
Lancian	70.7	65.5	NALMA	Cretaceous	North America		Russell, 1964	-
Landenian	<60	>55	age	Paleocene	Western Europe	Landen	Dumont, 1839	-
Landon	34.3	21.7	epoch	Paleo-Neogene	New Zealand	Landon Creek	Kingma, 1962	-
Langenfeldian			age	Miocene	Northern Germany			-
Langhian	15.97	13.65	age	Miocene	ICS	Serravalle Langhe	Pareto, 1864	-
Langsettian	314.5	313.4	age	Carboniferous	regional	Langsett	Jongsmans, 1928	-
Latdorfian			age	Oligocene	Germany		Mayer-Eymar, 1893	-
Late Imbrian	3,800	3,200	period		Moon	Mare Imbrium		-
Laventan	13.8	12.0	age	Miocene	South America		Madden, 1994	-
Leonardian			age	Permian	North America		Adams et al., 1939	-
Lias	199.6 ± 0.6	175.6 ± 2.0	epoch	Jurassic	Northern Europe	unclear	Mantell, 1833	-
Likhvinian	0.3	0.18	age	Pleistocene	Eastern Europe		Krasnenkov & Kazantseva, 1993	-
Lillburnian	15.1	12.7	age	Miocene	New Zealand	Lill Burn, Southland Region	Fleming, 1959	-
Linxiangian	454.5	449	age	Ordovician	China			-
Lishihhuangtuan	1.2	0.1	age	Pleistocene	China			-
Livian	335	331	age	Carboniferous	Belgium	Lives	Conil, 1977	-
Llandeilo			epoch/age	Ordovician	Europe	Llandeilo	Murchison, 1835	-
Llandovery	443.7 ± 1.5	428.2 ± 2.3	epoch	Silurian	ICS	Llandovery	Murchison, 1859	-
Llanvirn	Llanvirn Farm near St Davids, Wales	Hicks	epoch	Ordovician	Europe		Hicks, 1875	-
Lochkovian	416.0 ± 2.8	411.2 ± 2.8	age	Devonian	ICS	Lochkov	Chlupac, 1972	-
Longfordian	27.5	16.5	age	Oligo-Miocene	Australia		Crespin, 1943	-
Longmaxian	443.7 ± 1.5	438	age	Silurian	China		Yin, 1949	-
Longobardian	233	229.6 ± 2.0	sub-age	Triassic	Europe		Mojsisovics, 1895	-
Longvillian	457	455	age	Ordovician	regional	Cheney Longville	Bancroft, 1929	-
Longwangmioan	518	513	age	Cambrian	China		Bengston & Jell, 1990	-
Lopingian	260.4 ± 0.7	251.0 ± 0.4	epoch	Permian	ICS	Luoping	Huang, 1932	-
Lotharingian	193.3 ± 0.7	189.6 ± 0.7	substage	Jurassic			Haug, 1910	-
Ludfordian	421.3 ± 2.6	418.7 ± 2.7	age	Silurian	ICS	Ludford	Holland et al., 1980	-
Ludhamian	~2.52	~2.25	age	Pleistocene	Great Britain	Ludham	Beck et al., 1972	-
Ludian			age	Eocene	western Europe		de Lapparent, 1893	-
Ludlovian	422.9 ± 2.5	418.7 ± 2.7	epoch	Silurian	ICS	Ludlow	Murchison, 1854	-
Luisian	15.5	13.5	age	Miocene	California		Kleinpell, 1938	-
Lujanian	0.8	0.3	age	Pleistocene	South America		Ameghino 1889	-
Luliangian	2,350	1,750	age	Proterozoic	China			-
Luosuan	318.1	~314	age	Carboniferous	China		Jin et al., 1962	-
Lutetian	48.6 ± 0.2	40.4 ± 0.2	age	Eocene	ICS	Latin: Lutetia=Paris	de Lapparent, 1883	-
Maastrichtian	70.6 ± 0.6	65.5 ± 0.3	age	Cretaceous	ICS	Maastricht	Dumont, 1849	-
Maentwrogian	501	496.8	age	Cambrian	regional	Maentwrog	Hicks, 1881	-
Malanghuangtuan	0.1	0.01	age	Pleistocene	China		Liu & Chang, 1964	-
Malm	161.2 ± 4.0	145.5 ± 4.0	epoch	Jurassic	Europe	Old English: malm = calcareous soil	Oppel & Quenstedt, 1858	-
Mangaorapan	53.0	49.5	age	Eocene	New Zealand	Mangaorapa	Marwick & Fleming, 1959	-
Mangaotanean	92.1	89.1	age	Cretaceous	New Zealand	Mangaotane	Wellman, 1959	-
Mangapanian	3.00	2.40	age	Plio-Pleistocene	New Zealand	Mangapani	Fleming, 1953	-
Maozhangian	513	509	age	Cambrian	China			-
Mapingian	310	299.0 ± 0.8	age	Carboniferous	China		Ting, 1928	-
Marahuan	2.2	1.8	sub-age	Pleistocene	New Zealand			-
Marjuman	504	494.5	age	Cambrian	North America		Ludvigsen & Westrop, 1985	-
Marsdenian	317	315.5	age	Carboniferous	regional	Marsden, West Yorkshire, England	Bisat	-
Marshbrookian	455	454	age	Ordovician	regional	Marshbrook	Bancroft, 1929	-
Mayan	502	501 ± 2.0	age	Cambrian	Russia, Kazakhstan		Yarmoulyuk, 1946	-
Mayanan	1100	850	age	Proterozoic	Siberia		Datsenko et al., 1968	-
Mayoian	12.0	10.0	age	Miocene	South America		Villaroel, 1974	-
Mayvillian	453	447.5	age	Ordovician	North America		Foerste, 1905	-
Medinan			age	Silurian	North America		Clark & Schuchert, 1898	-
Meghalayan	0.0042	0	age	Holocene	ICS	Caves of Meghalaya GSSP, India		-
Meishuchuan	542	532	age	Cambrian	China		Qian, 1977	-
Melbournian	428.2 ± 2.3	416.0 ± 2.8	age	Silurian	Australia	Melbourne	Gregory, 1902	-
Melekesskian	313.4	311.7	age	Carboniferous	Russia		Aisenverg et al., 1979	-
Menapian		1.03	super-age	Pleistocene	Netherlands	Menapii, Germanic tribe	Zagweijn, 1957	-
Meramecian	340	333	age	Carboniferous	North America		Ulrich, 1904	-
Merioneth	501 ± 2	488.3 ± 1.7	epoch	Cambrian	Europe	Merioneth	Cowie et al., 1972	-
Merksemian	~2.5	~2	age	Pleistocene	Belgium	Merksem	de Heinzelin, 1958	-
Mesoarchean	3,200	2,800	era	Archean	ICS		Plumb, 1991	-
Mesoproterozoic	1,600	1,000	era	ICS		Hofmann, 1987	-	-
Mesozoic	251.0 ± 0.7	65.5 ± 0.3	era		ICS	middle life	Philips, 1818	-
Messinian	7.246	5.332	age	Miocene	ICS	Messina	Mayer-Eymar, 1867	-
Miaogoalingian	422	418.7	age	Silurian	China			-
Migneintian	486	478.6 ± 1.7	age	Ordovician	Europe		Fortey et al., 1995	-
Mindel	0.85	0.465	age	Pleistocene	Alps	river Mindel	Penck, 1882	-
Mindel-Riss	0.465	0.238	age	Pleistocene	Alps			-
Mindyallan	501	497	age	Cambrian	Australia		Öpik, 1963	-
Miocene	23.03	5.332	epoch	Neogene	ICS	Greek: less recent	Lyell, 1847	-
Mississippian	359.2 ± 2.5	318.1 ± 1.3	epoch	Carboniferous	ICS	Mississippi River	Winchell, 1870	-
Missourian			age	Carboniferous	North America		Keyes, 1873	-
Mitchellian	10.5	5.0	age	Plio-Miocene	Australia			-
Mohawkian	462	451	epoch	Ordovician	North America		Hall, 1842	-
Mohnian	13.5	7.5	age	Miocene	California		Kleinpell, 1938	-
Mokolian	2,050	900	age	Proterozoic	South Africa			-
Monroecreekian	26.3	24.8	age	Oligocene	North America	Monroe Creek	Wilson, 1960	-
Montehermosan	6.8	4.0	age	Plio-Miocene	South America		Simpson, 1940	-
Montezuman	529.5	524.5	age	Cambrian	North America		Palmer, 1998	-
Montian	~65	~61	age	Paleocene	Europe	Mons	Dewalque, 1868	-
Moridunian	478.6 ± 1.7	475	age	Ordovician	Europe	Moridunum	Fortey & Owens, 1987	-
Morozovan	0.8	0.5	age	Pleistocene	Eastern Europe			-
Morrowan			age	Carboniferous	North America		Adams & Ulrich, 1904	-
Moscovian	311.7 ± 1.1	306.5 ± 1.0	age	Carboniferous	ICS	Moscow	Nikitin, 1890	-
Motuan	103.3	100.2	age	Cretaceous	New Zealand	Motu River	Wellman, 1959	-
Muschelkalk	243 ± 2	235 ± 2	epoch	Triassic	Europe	German: limestone with mussels	Füchsel, 1761	-
Mustersan	48	42	age	Eocene	South America		Kraglievich, 1930	-
Myachkovskian	307.2	306.5	age	Carboniferous	Russia		Stepanov, 1962	-
Namibian	900	542	age	Neoproterozoic	South Africa	Namibia		-
Namurian	326.4	313.0	age	Carboniferous	Europe	Namur	Purves, 1883	-
Nanzian	48	35	age	Eocene	California			-
Navarroan			age	Cretaceous-Paleocene	south and east of the US	Navarro, Texas	Murray, 1961	-
Nebraskian	0.93	0.6	age	Pleistocene	North America		Shimek, 1909	-
Nectarian	3920	3850	period		Moon	Mare Nectaris		-
Needian	0.42	0.38	age	Pleistocene	Netherlands	Neede	Van der Vlerk & Florschutz, 1950	-
Nemakit-Daldynian	542	534	age	Cambrian	Russia, Kazakhstan		Savitsky, 1962	-
Neoarchean	2,800	2,500	era	Archean	ICS		Plumb, 1991	-
Neocomian	145.5	125.0/130.0	epoch		obsolete	Neocomium, Latin name for Neuchâtel	Thurmann, 1835	-
Neogene	23.0	2.588	period	Cenozoic	ICS		Hoernes, 1856	-
Neoproterozoic	1,000	542.0 ± 1.0	era		ICS		Hofmann, 1987	-
Neporatan	2.5	1.7	age	Pleistocene	Eastern Europe		Esu, 1980	-
Neustrian	55.0	50.8	ELMMZ	Paleo-Eocene	Europe		Fahlbusch, 1976	-
Ngaterian	100.2	95.2	age	Cretaceous	New Zealand	Ngateretere	Wellman, 1959	-
Niagaran			age	Silurian	North America		Sterry Hunt, 1871	-
Noachian	none	~3,500	Martian epoch		Mars	Noachis Terra		-
Noginskian	300.5	299.0 ± 0.8	age	Carboniferous	Russia		Ivanova & Khovorova, 1955	-
Nomentanan	0.24	0.13	age	Pleistocene	Italy			-
Nongshanian	62.9	56.9	ALMA	Paleocene	Asia		Ting, 1998	-
Norian	216.5 ± 2.0	203.6 ± 1.5	age	Triassic	ICS	Noric Alps	Mojsisovics, 1869	-
Northgrippian	0.0082	0.0042	age	Holocene	ICS	North Greenland Ice Core Project		-
Nukumaruan	3.1	1.8	age	Pleistocene	New Zealand	Nukumaru	Fleming, 1953	-
Nullaginian	2,500	1,800	age	Proterozoic	Australia		Dunn et al., 1966	-
Ochoan			age	Permian	North America		Adams et al., 1939	-
Odessan	1.2	0.8	age	Pleistocene	Eastern Europe			-
Okaian	0.5	0.3	sub-age	Ordovician	North America			-
Okehuan	1.1	0.37	age	Pleistocene	New Zealand		Fleming, 1962	-
Older Dryas	13,480 BP	13,350 BP	chron	Weichselian	Europe	Dryas octopetala		-
Oldest Dryas	13,860	13,780	chron	Weichselian	Europe	Dryas octopetala		-
Olenekian	249.5	245.9	age	Triassic	ICS	river Olenyok	Kiparisova & Popov, 1956	-
Oligocene	33.9 ± 0.1	23.03	epoch	Paleogene	ICS	"not so recent"	Beyrich, 1857	-
Onnian	453	449	age	Ordovician	regional	River Onny	Bancroft, 1929	-
Oostermeer Interglacial	0.243	0.238	age	Pleistocene	Netherlands	Oostermeer		-
Opoitian	5.0	3.8	age	Pliocene	New Zealand	Opoiti	Fleming, 1959	-
Ordian	520	510	age	Cambrian	Australia		Öpik, 1968	-
Ordovician	488.3 ± 1.7	443.7 ± 1.5	period	Paleozoic	ICS	Ordovices, Celtic tribe	Lapworth, 1879	-
Orellan	33.9	33.3	age	Oligocene	North America		Prothero & Emry, 1996	-
Orleanian	20.4	15	ELMMZ	Miocene	Europe	Orléans	Alberdi & Aguirre, 1977	-
Orosirian	2,050	1,800	period	Proterozoic	ICS		Plumb, 1991	-
Osagean			age	Carboniferous	North America		Branner, 1888	-
Otaian	21.7	19.0	age	Miocene	New Zealand	Otaio	Fleming, 1959	-
Ottnangian	18.3	17.0	age	Miocene	Paratethys	Ottnang am Hausruck	Papp & Rögl, 1967	-
Oxfordian	161.2 ± 4.0	155.0 ± 4.0	age	Jurassic	ICS	Oxford	d’Orbigny, 1849	-
Paibian	501.0 ± 2.0	496	age	Cambrian	ICS	Paibi	Peng et al., 2004	-
Paleoarchean	3,600	3,200	era	Archean	ICS		Plumb, 1991	-
Paleocene	65.5 ± 0.3	55.8 ± 0.2	epoch	Paleogene	ICS	oldest recent	Schimper, 1847	-
Paleophytic	~450	~270	era		paleobotany	old flora		-
Paleogene	65.5 ± 0.3	23.0	period	Cenozoic	ICS		Hoernes, 1856	-
Paleoproterozoic	2,500	1,600	era		ICS		Hofmann, 1987	-
Paleozoic	542.0 ± 1.0	251.0 ± 0.7	era		ICS	old life	Sedwick, 1838	-
Pannonian	11.608 ± 0.005	7.246 ± 0.005	age	Miocene	Paratethys	Pannonia	Roth von Telegd, 1879	-
Pareora	21.7	15.9	epoch	Neogene	New Zealand	Pareora	Kingma, 1957	-
Pastonian	~1.87	1.77	age	Pleistocene	Great Britain	Paston, Norfolk	West & Wilson, 1966	-
Payntonian	491	488.3 ± 1.7	age	Cambrian	Australia		Jones, 1971	-
Peligran	62.5	59	age	Paleocene	South America		Bonaparte, 1993	-
Pendleian	326.4 ± 1.6	326	age	Carboniferous	regional	Pendle Hill	Hudson & Cotton, 1943	-
Pennsylvanian	318.1 ± 1.3	299.0 ± 0.8	epoch	Carboniferous	ICS	Pennsylvania	Williams, 1891	-
Penutian	53	51	age	Eocene	California		Mallory, 1959	-
Permian	299.0 ± 0.8	251.0 ± 0.4	period	Paleozoic	ICS	Perm	Murchison, 1849	-
Phanerozoic	542.0 ± 1.0	present	eon		ICS	visible life	Chadwick, 1930	-
Piacenzian	3.600	2.588	age	Pliocene	ICS	Piacenza	Mayer-Eymar, 1858	-
Piripauan	86.5	84	age	Cretaceous	New Zealand	Piripaua	Wellman, 1959	-
Pleistocene	2.588	0.0117	epoch	Quaternary	ICS	youngest recent	Lyell, 1833	-
Pleniglacial	73,000 BP	14,500 BP	sub-age	Pleistocene	Northern Europe			-
Pliensbachian	189.6 ± 1.5	183.0 ± 1.5	age	Jurassic	ICS	Pliensbach	Oppel, 1858	-
Pliocene	5.332	2.588	epoch	Neogene	ICS	newer recent	Lyell, 1847	-
Podolskian	308	307.2	age	Carboniferous	Russia		Ivanov, 1926	-
Poederlian	~3.5	~2.5	age	Pliocene	Belgium	Poederlee	Vincent, 1889	-
Pontian	7.246 ± 0.005	5.332 ± 0.005	epoch	Miocene	Paratethys	Pontus Euxinus, Latin name for the Black Sea	Le Play, 1842	-
Pontinian	0.1	0.01	age	Pleistocene	Italy		Blanc, 1937	-
Porangan	46.2	43.0	age	Eocene	New Zealand	Poranga	Hornibrook, 1961	-
Portlandian			age	Jurassic	British Isles	Isle of Portland	Brongniart, 1829	-
Potsdamian	501 ± 2	488.3 ± 1.7	epoch	Cambrian	Germany		Walcott, 1891	-
Poundian	570	542 ± 0.3	age	Cambrian	Australia			-
Pragian	411.2 ± 2.8	407.0 ± 2.8	age	Devonian	ICS	Prague	Ziegler, 1979	-
Preboreal	11,560 BP	10,640 BP	chron		Northern Europe	before the Boreal		-
Precambrian	none	542.0 ± 1.0	none		worldwide	before the Cambrian	Logan, 1841	-
Pre-Illinoian			age	Pleistocene	North America	before the Illinoian	Leverett, 1929	-
Preludhamian	~2.52	~2.61	age	Plio-Pleistocene	Great Britain	before the Ludhamian	Funnell & West, 1977	-
Prenectarian	4567	3850	period		Moon	before the Nectarian		-
Prepastonian	~2.0	~1.87	age	Pleistocene	Great Britain	before the Pastonian	West, 1980	-
Pretiglian	2.588	2.40	super-age	Pleistocene	Netherlands	before the Tiglian Tegelen	Van der Vlerk, 1948	-
Priabonian	37.2 ± 0.1	33.9 ± 0.1	age	Eocene	ICS	Priabona	Munier-Chalmas & De Lapparent, 1893	-
Pridoli	418.7 ± 2.7	416.0 ± 2.8	epoch	Silurian	ICS	Přidoli	Prantl & Pribyl, 1948	-
Proterozoic	2,500	542.0 ± 1.0	eon		ICS		Emmons, 1888	-
Puercan	65.5	63.3	age	Paleocene-Cretaceous	North America		Wood et al., 1941	-
Purbeckian			age	Cretaceous-Jurassic	England	Isle of Purbeck	Brongniart, 1829	-
Pusgillian	449	447.5	age	Ordovician	Europe	Pus Gill, Cumbria	Dean, 1959	-
Putikian	0.37	0.01	age	Pleistocene	New Zealand		Fleming, 1953	-
Quaternary	2.588	present	period	Cenozoic	ICS	fourth part	Arduino, 1760	-
Qungzusian	532	523	age	Cambrian	China			-
Rancholabrean			age	Pleistocene	North America		Wood et al., 1941	-
Randian	3,000	2,500	age	Archaean	South Africa		Kent & Hughes, 1978	-
Rawtheyan	446.5	445.5	age	Ordovician	Europe	River Rawthey	Brenchley & Cocks, 1982	-
Refugian	35.0	33.5	age	Oligo-Eocene	California		Schenck & Kleinpell, 1936	-
Reinbekian			age	Miocene	Northern Germany		Van Couvering, 1977	-
Relizian	16.5	13.5	age	Miocene	California		Kleinpell, 1934	-
Repettian	2.9	2.2	age	Plio-Pleistocene	California		Natalnd, 1952	-
Reuverian	3.5	2.558	chronozone	Pliocene	Northwest Europe	Reuver	Bifnot, 1972	-
Rhaetian	203.6 ± 1.5	199.6 ± 0.6	age	Triassic	ICS	Rhaetian Alps	Gümbel, 1862	-
Rhuddanian	443.7 ± 1.5	439.0 ± 1.8	age	Silurian	ICS	Cwm-Rhuddian	Cocks et al., 1971	-
Rhyacian	2,300	2,050	period	Proterozoic	ICS		Cowie 6 Basset, 1989	-
Richmondian	449	445.6 ± 1.5	age	Ordovician	North America		Winchell & Ulrich 1897	-
Riochican	57	54	age	Eo-Paleocene	South America		Simpson, 1940	-
Riphean	1,650	650	age	Proterozoic	worldwide		Shatsky, 1945	-
Riss Glacial	0.238	0.128	age	Pleistocene	Alps	river Riß		-
Riss-Würm Interglacial	0.128	0.116	age	Pleistocene	Alps		Penck, 1882	-
Roadian	270.6 ± 0.7	268.0 ± 0.7	age	Permian	ICS		Furnish, 1968	-
Robiacian	42.7	37.2	ELMMZ	Miocene	Europe		Savage & Russell, 1983	-
Romanian	3.6	1.8	age	Plio-Pleistocene	Paratethys		Krejci-Graf, 1932	-
Rotliegend	299	270.6	sub-period	Permian	unofficial	German for "Red foot wall".	A traditional copper mining term in the Mansfelder Land for the red oreless sandstone below the Kupferschiefer.	-
Runangan	36.0	34.3	age	Eo-Oligocene	New Zealand	Runanga	Finlay et al., 1945	-
Rupelian	33.9 ± 0.1	28.4 ± 0.1	age	Oligocene	ICS	river Rupel	Dumont, 1850	-
Ruscinian	4.9	3.5	ELMMZ	Pliocene	Europe	Ruscino, Latin for the Roussillon	Kretzoi, 1962	-
Saalian	0.238	0.128	age	Pleistocene	Northern Europe	river Saale	Stille, 1920	-
Sakian	494.5	493	age	Cambrian	Russia, Kazakhstan		Ergaliev, 1980	-
Sakmarian	294.6 ± 0.8	284.4 ± 0.7	age	Permian	ICS	river Sakmara	Karpinski, 1874	-
Sandbian	460.9 ± 1.6	455.8 ± 1.6	age	Ordovician	ICS	Sandby, Sweden	Begstrom et al., 2003	-
Sangamonian	0.125	0.075	age	Pleistocene	North America		Leverett, 1898	-
Santacrucian	17.5	16.3	age	Miocene	South America		Ameghino, 1889	-
Santomian	1.81	1.5	sub-age	Pleistocene	Italy			-
Santonian	85.8 ± 0.7	83.5 ± 0.7	age	Cretaceous	ICS	Saintes	Coquand, 1873	-
Sarmatian	12.7	11.6	age	Miocene	Paratethys	Sarmatians	Suess, 1866	-
Saxonian	~290	~258	age	Permian	Europe	Saxony	Munier-Chalmas & Lapparent, 1893	-
Saucesian	22.0	16.5	age	Miocene	California		Kleinpell, 1938	-
Scaldisian	~4	~2.5	age	Pliocene	Belgium	Scaldus, Latin name for the river Scheldt	Dumont, 1850	-
Scythian	251 ± 0.2	245 ± 1.5	Epoch	Early Triassic	Europe	Scythia	Arthaber, 1895	-
Selandian	61.7 ± 0.2	58.7 ± 0.2	age	Paleocene	ICS	Seeland	Rosenkrantz, 1924	-
Senecan	388	370	age	Devonian	North America		Clarke & Schuchert, 1898	-
Senonian	89.3	65.5	epoch	Cretaceous	unofficial	Sens	d'Orbigny, 1842	-
Serpukhovian	326.4 ± 1.6	318.1 ± 1.3	age	Carboniferous	ICS	Serpukhov	Nikitin, 1890	-
Serravallian	13.65	11.608	age	Miocene	ICS	Serravalle Scrivia	Pareto, 1864	-
Sevatian	206	202.3 ± 1.5	sub-age	Triassic	Europe		Mojsisovics, 1895	-
Shanghuan	65.5	62.9	ALMA	Paleocene	Asia		Ting & Li, 1983	-
Shangsian		318.1	age	Carboniferous	China		Ting, 1931	-
Shaodongian	359.2 ± 2.5	349.5	age	Carboniferous	China		Hou, 1962	-
Sharamurunian	40.4	37.2	ALMA	Eocene	Asia		Russell & Zhai, 1987	-
Sheinwoodian	428.2 ± 2.3	426.2 ± 2.4	age	Silurian	ICS	Sheinwood	Basset et al., 1975	-
Shermanian	457	454	age	Ordovician	regional		Kay, 1937	-
Shinulanian	438	433	age	Silurian	China		Ting, 1930	-
Sicilian	0.781	0.260	sub-age	Pleistocene	Italy	Sicily	Doderlein, 1872	-
Siderian	2,500	2,300	period	Proterozoic	ICS		Plumb, 1991	-
Silesian	326.4	299.0	subperiod	Carboniferous	Europe	Silesia	Leckwijck, 1960	-
Siegenian			age	Devonian	North America, Europe		Kayser, 1885	-
Silurian	443.7 ± 1.5	416.0 ± 2.8	period	Paleozoic	ICS	Silures, Celtic tribe	Murchison, 1835	-
Sinemurian	196.5 ± 1.0	189.6 ± 1.5	age	Jurassic	ICS	Semur-en-Auxois	d'Orbigny, 1842	-
Sinian	800	542	age	Neoproterozoic	China		Willis et al., 1907	-
Soudleyan	458	457	age	Ordovician	regional	Soudley	Bancroft, 1929	-
Southland	15.9	10.9	epoch	Neogene	New Zealand	Southland Region	Kingma, 1965	-
Springerian			age	Carboniferous	North America			-
St. David's	513 ± 2	501 ± 2	epoch	Cambrian	Europe	St Davids	Cowie et al., 1972	-
Stampian			age	Oligocene	western Europe	Étampes	d'Orbigny, 1852	-
Statherian	1,800	1,600	period	Proterozoic	ICS		Plumb, 1991	-
Stenian	1,200	1,000	period	Proterozoic	ICS		Cowie & Basset, 1989	-
Stephanian	303.9	299.0	age	Carboniferous	Europe	Saint-Étienne	Mayer-Eymar, 1878	-
Steptoan	494.5	493	age	Cambrian	North America		Ludvigsen & westrop, 1985	-
Streffordian	452	449	age	Ordovician	Europe	Strefford	Williams et al., 1972	-
Sturtian	~730		age	Neoproterozoic	worldwide, unofficial		Gregory, 1927	-
Subatlantic	2400 BP	0	chron	Holocene	Northern Europe		Sernander, 1889	-
Subboreal	5660 BP	2400 BP	chron	Holocene	Northern Europe		Sernander, 1889	-
Suchian	3.0	1.9	age	Plio-Pleistocene	Japan		Ikebe, 1977	-
Suevian	33.8	29.2	ELMMZ	Oligocene	Europe		Tobien, 1980	-
Sunwaptan	493	491	age	Cambrian	North America		Ludvigsen & Westrop, 1985	-
Susterian	8.5	5.3	chronozone	Miocene	Northwest Europe	Susteren	Van Der Hammenn et al., 1971	-
Swazian	4,000	3,000	age	Archaean	South Africa		Kent & Hughes, 1978	-
Syltian			age	Miocene	Northern Germany		Staesche, 1930	-
Tabenbulakian	24.0	23.03	ALMA	Oligocene	Asia		Meng & McKenna, 1998	-
Tangbagouan	359.2		age	Carboniferous	China		Jin et al., 2000	-
Taranaki	10.9	5.28	epoch	Neogene	New Zealand	Taranaki Region	Kingma, 1962	-
Tarantian	0.15	0.0115	age	Pleistocene	Southern Europe	Tarento	Castradori & Cita, 1995	-
Tatarian			age	Permian	Russia	Tatarstan	Nikitin, 1887	-
Taxandrian	1.80	0.418	super-age	Pleistocene	Netherlands		Van Der Vlerk & Florschutz, 1950	-
Tayloran			age	Cretaceous	south and west of the US	Taylor, Texas	Murray, 1961	-
Telychian	436.0 ± 1.9	428.2 ± 2.3	age	Silurian	ICS	Pen-lan-Telych	Cocks et al. 1973	-
Templetonian	510	508	age	Cambrian	Australia		Whitehouse, 1936	-
Teratan	89.1	86.5	age	Cretaceous	New Zealand	Te Rata, Gisborne Region	Wellman, 1959	-
Terreneuvian	542.0 ± 1.0	521	epoch	Cambrian	ICS	Terre-Neuve, French name for Newfoundland	Narbonne, 1987	-
Tertiary	65.5 ± 0.3	2.588	sub-era	Cenozoic	worldwide	third part	Arduino, 1760	-
Teurian	65.0	55.5	age	Paleocene	New Zealand	Te Uri	Hornibrook & Harrington, 1957	-
Thanetian	58.7 ± 0.2	55.8 ± 0.2	age	Paleocene	ICS	Isle of Thanet	Europe	Thuringia	Renevier, 1874	-
Thurnian	~2.25	~2.12	age	Pleistocene	Great Britain	River Thurne (England Literature ; 1975: The type Wenlock series, Report of the Institute of Geological Sciences, 75, pp. 1–19. ; 1971: A correlation of Silurian rocks in the British Isles, Journal of the Geological Society 127, pp. 103–136. ; 2004: A Geologic Time Scale 2004, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge,. ; 2004: U-Pb zircon date from the Neoproterozoic Ghaub Formation, Namibia: Constraints on Marinoan glaciation, Geology 32, pp. 817–820. ; 1980: Ludlow stages, Lethaia 13, p. 268, ISSN 0024-1164. ; 2005: Global time scale and regional stratigraphic reference scales of Central and West Europe, East Europe, Tethys, South China, and North America as used in the Devonian–Carboniferous–Permian Correlation Chart 2003 , Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 240, pp. 318–372. ; 1998: The Gelasian Stage : a new unit of the global standard chronostratigraphic scale, Episodes 21, p. 82-87. 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List of geochronologic names

List

Literature