List of legal abbreviations
It is common practice in legal documents to cite other publications by using standard abbreviations for the title of each source. Abbreviations may also be found for common words or legal phrases. Such citations and abbreviations are found in court decisions, statutes, regulations, journal articles, books, and other documents. Below is a basic list of very common abbreviations. Because publishers adopt different practices regarding how abbreviations are printed, one may find abbreviations with or without periods for each letter. For example, the Code of Federal Regulations may appear abbreviated as "C.F.R." or just as "CFR."
For abbreviations not found in this list, here are alternate websites to search:
- .
- Columbia Law Review Association, Inc., Harvard Law Review Association, University of Pennsylvania Law Review, and Yale Law Journal . The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation. 20th ed. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Law Review Association.
- Garner, Brian. Black's Law Dictionary. 10th ed. St. Paul, MN: West Pub. Co., 2014.
- Jowitt's Dictionary of English Law. 4th ed., 2015.
- McGill Law Journal. Canadian Guide to Uniform Legal Citation. 6th ed. Toronto: Carswell, 2006.
- Prince, Mary Miles. Bieber's Dictionary of Legal Abbreviations. 6th ed. Buffalo, NY: Hein, 2009.
- Trinxet, Salvador. Series. A Law Reference Collection, 2011, and
- Trinxet, Salvador. Trinxet Reverse Dictionary of Legal Abbreviations and Acronyms, 2011, and.
- Raistrick, Donald. Index to Legal Citations and Abbreviations. 3rd ed. London: Sweet & Maxwell, 2008. This book focuses more on British and non-American/international abbreviations.
- Kavass, World Dictionary of Legal Abbreviations
Symbol
- © — Copyright, meaning someone claims ownership of the text, book, music, software, etc.
- ® — Registered Trademark
- ™ — Trademark
- § — Paragraph or section
- §§ — Paragraphs or sections
0–9
- 1A First Amendment
- 27A Twenty-Seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution
A
- A. — Atlantic Reporter
- A.2d — Atlantic Reporter, 2nd Series
- a/a/o — as assignee of
- AAS — Acta Apostolicae Sedis
- ABA — American Bar Association
- AC — Appeal Cases
- ACC — Association of Corporate Counsel
- ad., ads., adsm. — ad sectam, at the suit of. Used in colonial and Federal Era American cases when the defendant is listed first; e.g., "John Doe v. Richard Roe" is labeled "Richard Roe ads. John Doe." The long script "S" of the period often makes this appear as "adj."
- adj. — see "ad." above.
- Ala. Admin. Code —
- Ala. Code —
- Alaska Admin. Code —
- Alaska Stat. —
- All ER — All England Law Reports
- A.L.R. — American Law Reports
- A.L.R.2d — American Law Reports, 2nd Series
- A.L.R.3d — American Law Reports, 3rd Series
- A.L.R.4th — American Law Reports, 4th Series
- A.L.R.5th — American Law Reports, 5th Series
- A.L.R.6th — American Law Reports, 6th Series
- A.L.R. Fed. — American Law Reports, Federal
- Am. Jur. — American Jurisprudence
- Am. Jur. 2d. — American Jurisprudence, 2nd Series
- Anor - Another
- Ap. const. — apostolic constitution
- Ariz. Admin. Code —
- Ariz. Admin. Reg. —
- Ariz. Rev. Stat. —
- Ark. Code —
- Art - Article
- Artt. — Articles
- Asap- As soon as possible
- A.S.S. — Acta Sanctae Sedis
- ATS — At the suit of
- Atty - Attorney
B
- B. — baron
- B.A.P. — Bankruptcy Appellate Panel
- BFP — Bona fide purchaser
- Bla.Com. or Bl. Com. — Blackstone's Commentaries on the Laws of England
- b/o — behalf of, on behalf of; see also [|o/b/o]
- BR or B/R — Bankruptcy
C
- c. — Canon or
- cc. — Canons or chapters
- CA — Class action
- CB — Casebook
- CBJ — California Bar journal
- CC — Commerce Clause
- CCEO — Codex Canonum Ecclesiarum Orientalium, the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches
- CCH — Commerce Clearing House, a publisher of case law reporters owned by Wolters Kluwer
- C-C — Counterclaim
- CE — Collateral estoppel
- CD - Closing disclosure
- CL — Common law
- CNeg — Contributory negligence
- CA # — Court of Appeals
- CA Fed. — Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit
- Cx — Constitution
- Cx-C — Cross-claim
- Cxl — Constitutional
- Cal. Code —
- Cal. Code Reg. — California Code of Regulations
- CCR —
- CIC — Codex Iuris Canonici, the Code of Canon Law
- CIF — Coming into force
- C.F.R. — Code of Federal Regulations
- CFR — Call for Response
- CJS — Corpus Juris Secundum
- CLSA — Canon Law Society of America
- Co. Lit. or Co. Litt. — Coke on Littleton
- Cong. Rec. — Congressional Record
- Cor. — Coram, a cause heard "in the presence of" an auditor of the Roman Rota
- CRS - Congressional Research Service
- Ct. Cl. — the United States Court of Federal Claims Reporter
- C- Contract
D
- Δ — Defendant
- DAC — Days After Contract
- d/b/a — doing business as
- Decr. — Decretum
- DLR — Dominion Law Reports
- DoCRA — Duty of Care Risk Analysis Standard
E
- ER — Employer
- EE — Employee
- et als. — et alia, Latin for "and others"
- et seq. — et sequens, Latin for "and following"
F
- F. — Federal Reporter
- F.2d — Federal Reporter, 2nd Series
- F.3d — Federal Reporter, 3rd Series
- F.App'x — Federal Appendix
- F.Cas. — Federal Cases 1789–1880
- Fed. Reg. — Federal Register
- Fed. R. Bankr. P. — Federal Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure
- Fed. R. Civ. P. — Federal Rules of Civil Procedure
- Fed. R. Crim. P. — Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure
- Fed. R. Evid. — Federal Rules of Evidence
- f/k/a — formerly known as
- F. Supp. — Federal Supplement
- F. Supp. 2d — Federal Supplement, 2nd Series
G
- GAL - Guardian ad litem
- GATT — General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
- GC — General Counsel
- GVR — Grant, Vacate, and Remand
- NGO - Non Government Organization
H
- HC — Hypothetical Client
- HDC — Holder in due course
I
- I.L.M. — International Legal Materials
- IRB —
- ILRM - Irish Law Reports Monthly
- IR - Irish Law Reports
- IRC — Internal Revenue Code
- ISLN — International Standard Lawyer Number
- Instr. — Instructio, a kind of decree
J
- J — Judge or Justice or Journal, according to jurisdiction
- JCD — Juris Canonici Doctor, Doctor of Canon Law
- JCL — Juris Canonici Licentiatus, Licentiate of Canon Law
- JJ - Judges or Justices, plural
- JMOL — Judgment as a matter of law
- JNOV — Judgment notwithstanding verdict
- Jx - Jurisdiction
- JU-disposed of by Judge
- JUST. - Justice
L
- L/C — Letter of credit
- L.Ed - Lawyers' Edition
- L.Ed.2d - Lawyers 2nd Edition
- LL.B. – Legum Baccalaureus - Bachelor of Laws
- LLC — Limited liability company
- LL.D. – Legum Doctor - Doctor of Law
- LL.M. – Legum Magister - Master of Laws
- LLP — Limited liability partnership
M
- MIL — Motion in limine
- MOU — Memorandum of Understanding
- M.P. — motu proprio
- MPC — Model Penal Code
- MR — Master of the Rolls
- MSJ — Motion for summary judgment
N
- NDA — Non-Disclosure Agreement
- n/k/a — Now Known As
- N.E. — North Eastern Reporter
- N.E.2d — North Eastern Reporter, 2nd Series
- No. - Number
- N.W. — North Western Reporter
- N.W.2d — North Western Reporter, 2nd Series
O
- o/b/o — on behalf of
- Ors — "Others"
P
- ¶ — Paragraph
- Π — Plaintiff
- P. — Pacific Reporter
- P.2d — Pacific Reporter, 2nd Series
- P.3d — Pacific Reporter, 3rd Series
- p. — Page
- pp. — Pages
- PL — Public Law
- Prae. — Praenotanda
- Pub.L. — Public Law
Q
- QDRO — Qualified Domestic Relations Order
R
- R — Rex or Regina
- RCW — Revised Code of Washington
- R.E. or R/E — Real Estate
- Relv. — Relevant
- Rescr. — Rescriptum
- Resp. — Responsum
- Rev. Proc. — Revenue Procedure
- Rev. Rul. — Revenue Ruling
- R J -
- *Canon law: Regulæ Juris of Boniface VIII
- *Common law: Recurring Judgement.
- R.I.A.A. - Reports of International Arbitral Awards
S
- s. — section
- sd — said
- ss. — sections
- S.C.R. — Supreme Court Reports
- S. Ct. — Supreme Court Reporter
- S.E. — South Eastern Reporter
- S.E.2d — South Eastern Reporter, 2nd Series
- SCOTUS - Supreme Court of the United States
- SI — Statutory instruments
- S/J — Summary judgment
- SMJ — Subject-matter jurisdiction
- So. — Southern Reporter
- So. 2d — Southern Reporter, 2nd Series
- SOL — Statute of Limitations
- SOR — Statutory Orders and Regulations
- S.R.R. — Sacræ Rotæ Romanæ, the Tribunal of the Roman Rota
- SRRDec — Sacræ Rotæ Romanæ Decisiones
- Stat. — United States Statutes at Large
- S.W. — South Western Reporter
- S.W.2d — South Western Reporter, 2nd Series
- S.W.3d — South Western Reporter, 3rd Series
T
- T.C. — Reported decisions of the United States Tax Court
- T.D. — Treasury Decision
- ™ or TM — Trademark
U
- UCC — Uniform Commercial Code
- UCMJ — Uniform Code of Military Justice
- UPC — Uniform Probate Code
- U.S. —
- USC — United States Code
- USCA — United States Code Annotated
- USCCAN — United States Code Congressional and Administrative News
- USCS — United States Code Service
- UST — United States Treaties and Other International Agreements
V
- v. — versus. Used when plaintiff is listed first on a case title. John Doe v. Richard Roe.
W
- WAC —
- WTO — World Trade Organization
- W. Va. Code —
X
- XN - Examination in Chief
- XXN - Cross examination
Y