List of minerals approved by IMA

• List of minerals approved by IMA
• List of minerals approved by IMA
• List of minerals approved by IMA
• List of minerals approved by IMA
• List of minerals approved by IMA
• List of minerals approved by IMA
• List of minerals approved by IMA
• List of minerals approved by IMA
• List of minerals approved by IMA
• List of minerals approved by IMA
• List of minerals approved by IMA
• List of minerals approved by IMA
• List of minerals approved by IMA
• List of minerals approved by IMA
• List of minerals approved by IMA
• List of minerals approved by IMA
• List of minerals approved by IMA
• List of minerals approved by IMA
• List of minerals approved by IMA
• List of minerals approved by IMA
• List of minerals approved by IMA
• List of minerals approved by IMA
• List of minerals
• English Wikipedia:
  List of minerals
• Abbreviations:
• *"*" – discredited.
• *"s.p." – special procedure.
• *^Q or "?" – questionable/doubtful.
• *^N – published without approval of the IMA/CNMNC, or just not an IMA approved mineral but with some acceptance in the scientific community nowadays. The 'IMA database of mineral properties' has 173 species with 'not an IMA approved mineral' tag, some are an intermediate member of a solid solution series, others are "recently" discredited minerals.
• *^I – intermediate member of a solid-solution series.
• *^H – hypothetical mineral
• **^ch – incomplete description, hypothetical solid solution end member. Published without approval and formally discredited or not approved, yet.
• *** Mainly: pyrochlore, tourmaline and amphibole supergroups, arrojadite, and yftisite-. IMA/CNMNC revisions generate hypothetical solid solution endmembers.
• *group – a name used to designate a group of species, sometimes only a mineral group name.

  Clockwork

• The name of a new mineral is an IMA secret until it is approved or until its full description is published, its authors' option. The IMA uses a code for its own procedures for the supposed new mineral. Ferri-ottoliniite's proposal was assigned code 'IMA2001-067', it was redefined and approved as 'IMA2001-067a' in 2003, for instance.
• Current IMA regulations do not allow substances of anthropogenic origin to be validated as a mineral species. Since 1998, the majority of polymorphs are not regarded as separate mineral species anymore.
• IMA/CNMNC identifiers are usually written without space, as years don't get meaningful hits on Google search.
• "The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana" was the reference of CNMNC/CNMMN's initial work. At the Kobe 2006 general meeting, the IMA council endorsed the creation of an Internet site on minerals. So a Master List was needed and the older minerals were reviewed in a document of 130 pages. The final GQN List was published after a final review of Burke E A J and Nickel E H. Not only the well established minerals before 1959 was grandfathered, but the minerals that could not be discredited as well. The merging of the 'ARD List' with the 'GQN List' resulted in the first 'IMA/CNMNC List of Mineral Names'. The 2007 draft of the 'IMA/CNMNC List of Mineral Names' was a courtesy of the Materials Data, Inc., its 2009 review had important modifications. The RRUFF database was built with the help of the MDI's 2007 draft, the IMA Master List is an update of the MDI's 2009 review. Some grandfathered minerals had their status changed to approved afterwards, based on IMA approved reports. Note: the list of approved minerals was revised with 'The New IMA List of Minerals '.
• The IMA was founded in a meeting in Madrid. The CNMMN was one of the original eight commissions, it was founded in 1959. Not all grandfathered mineral were first described prior to 1959. Hatrurite, a phase in cement clinker, was first described in 1977, for instance.
• Some mineral names were revised; this changed their first letters. Sodium-pharmacosiderite is now natropharmacosiderite, natroapophyllite is now fluorapophyllite-, for instance. But 2010, hydroxylapatite, fluorapatite, fluorellestadite and chlorapatite had their old names reinstated.
• Everything is slower on earth sciences, geology, mineralogy:
• * Georgius Agricola's De re metallica libri xii though apparently finished in 1550, was published 1556.
• * Some IMA/CNMNC approved minerals had their complete description published only 2012: 'IMA1998-018', 'IMA1987-046a', 'IMA1978-064', 'IMA1977-006' and 'IMA1968-003'. 'IMA1995-025' was listed as well, a mistake.
• * The paper of Armbruster et al. misunderstood the naming rules and renamed a well established mineral name. Hatert et al. modified the naming rules. and proposal IMA2015 s.p. was accepted, reverting the renaming.
• * Sample: bergenite was discredited as a barium bearing mineral variety of phosphuranylite. So phosphuranylite was already a valid mineral, and it is listed in the Michael Fleischer's mineral list. Both are listed as grandfathered minerals as they are not listed in the 'ARD List'.
• * The review and approval of new mineral is straight forward most of the time, but there are exceptions. Proposal IMA2009-096 was not accepted, proposal IMA2009-096a was approved as fontarnauite in 2014. Proposal IMA1995-020 was not accepted, proposal IMA1995-020c was approved as jarandolite.
• * Every year some valid names get discredited.
• ** Tohdite was conditionally approved as 'IMA2004-051'. But the re-examination of the holotype material of akdalaite from the Fersman Mineralogical Museum in Moscow showed that both minerals were identical.
• ** Tellurocanfieldite was conditionally approved as 'IMA2012-013'. Its approval was withdrawn as further studies showed it to be a Te-rich variety of canfieldite.
• Some old minerals were known before their 20th century names were first published.

  Curiosities

• Current regulations do not allow a new mineral name to honour a person a second time. But there are exceptions: Jöns Jakob Berzelius ; Pierre Berthier ; Andor von Semsey ; Brian Harold Mason ; Caleb Wroe Wolfe and Leo Neal Yedlin . The regulation does not affect mineral series and other variations. For instance: Karl Hugo Strunz ; George P. Merrill ; Edward S. Grew .
• Standard temperature and pressure.
• * Silicate perovskites, argentite and β-quartz are not valid minerals, as they do not occur on Earth's surface. The type material of bridgmanite is from a meteorite. Some minerals are unstable on Earth's surface : diamonds, cohenite and haxonite, for instance. Acanthite var. argentite and β-quartz pseudomorphs are sometimes sold.
• *Ramdohr discovered that the type material of schapbachite was a mixture of galena and matildite. It was discredited as it was found unstable at 'standard temperature and pressure'. It was revalidated as Pb-bearing schabachite is stable at STP. The type locality is not Schapbach now, but Silberbrünnle mine, Gengenbach; both Black Forest localities.
• *Epsilon iron, hexagonal close-packed phase of iron is stable only at extremely high pressure. It can be found as a mineral.
• It is not only schapbachite that had a longer controversy. Other minerals have a complicated history, as well.
• * Imogolite, 9.ED.20, was first published 1962. Its formal discreditation by the IMA was published 1967, as its description was incomplete. The IMA referred it to the AIPEA for advice and it was approved by the AIPEA at its Tokyo meeting. Fleischer described it as a variety of allophane and it was finally redefined and approved by the IMA/CNMNC 1986.
• ** Amorphous allophane, nanotube-like imogolite, halloysite-10Å, halloysite-7Å and gibbsite are thought to be products of tuff weathering.
• * Betalommosovite was described by Gerasimovskiy and Kazakova and discredited by the IMA-CNMMN. It was published without approval and listed as discredited on the 'IMA/CNMNC List of Mineral Names'. Later, betalomonosovite was revalidated.
• * Jichengite as xinghuaite was rejected by the IMA-CNMMN. Jichengite was rejected by the IMA-CNMMN, as well. Unfortunately, it was published without approval in 2011.
• *UM1991-//-COF:BaCaCe, a calcium analogue of cordylite- from Bayan Obo mine, had the approval procedure suspended by Joseph A. Mandarino, because of the cerium dominant cordylite.
• Other curiosities:
• *Niggliite, sorosite, yuanjiangite are not classified as tin alloys in Fleischer's Glossary. But, they are stannide minerals, sulfide mineral class there.
• *Tiragalloite, is an arsenosilicate and grenmarite ₄₂₂ is a zirconium silicate.
• *Mostly anthropogenic minerals: abhurite, lausenite, guildite, hoelite, calclacite.
• *Studtite is the first peroxide mineral, the facies radioactivity generate peroxide.
• *Ianthinite, U, it gets a layer of schoepite/ metaschoepite in the presence of oxygen.
• *Polyoxometalates:
• **Menezesite and aspedamite, are the only natural heteropolyniobates known.
• **Ophirite is a mineral with a heteropolytungstate tri-lacunary keggin anion.
• **Melcherite and peterandresenite have a lindqvist anion.
• *Inosilicate, biopyriboles:
• **Jimthompsonite is a triple chain inosilicate.
• **Chesterite is a connected double chain inosilicate.
• *Inosilicate, double dreier chains:
• **Xonotlite is an inosilicate with double dreier chains.
• **Chivruaiite is an inosilicate double dreier chains of tetrahedra.
• **Zorite is an inosilicate double dreier chains of tetrahedra.
• **Haineaultite is an inosilicate double dreier chains of tetrahedra.
• *Other inosilicates:
• **Veblenite has a veblenite ribbon.
• **Yangite is an inosilicate with two-connected double chain.
• **Yegorovite is an inosilicate with single zig-zag chains of Si tetrahedra.
• *Icosahedrite, the only natural quasicrystal known.
• *Comancheite is a mercury nitride mineral now.
• *α-Sulfur ; chemical formula unit with 1 atom; unit cell with 128 formula units.
• *Whitecapsite, chemical formula: H₁₆Fe²⁺₅Fe³⁺₁₄Sb³⁺₆₁₈O₁₆·120H₂O; unit cell with 1 formula unit.
• *Megacyclite ; chemical formula unit with 111 atoms; unit cell with 4 formula units.
• *Labyrinthite ; chemical formula unit with 278.5 atoms; unit cell with 3 formula units.
• *Ashcroftine- ; chemical formula unit with 180 atoms; unit cell with 4 formula units.

  Nomenclature dictionary

• Native elements : carbides, silicides, nitrides, phosphides, elements, alloys, amalgams
• Special minerals : tellurium oxysalts tetraoxotellurate

• Sulfide class : sulfides , selenides , tellurides , arsenides , antimonides , bismuthides , sulfantimonides , sulfarsenides , sulfbismuthides , sulfastannides , plumboarsenide , plumbobismuthide
• Oxide class : sulfites ²⁻, selenites ²⁻, iodates , trioxotellurate ²⁻, dihydroxotellurate , pentaoxoditellurate ²⁻, vanadyl anion ^2-

• Halide class : fluoride , chloride , bromide , iodide , tetrafluoroborates , hexafluorosilicates , hexachlorothallate
• Carbonate and nitrate class : carbonates , bicarbonate
• *Nitrates : nitrates
• Borate class : metaborates , trioxoborate , tetrahydroborate

• Sulfate class, monomeric minerals: sulfates ²⁻, tungstates ²⁻, niobates ²⁻, molybdates ²⁻, chromates ²⁻, tetraoxotantalate , thiosulphates ²⁻
• Phosphate class, monomeric minerals: phosphates ³⁻, arsenates ³⁻, vanadates ³⁻, hydroxophosphates ²⁻, dihydroxophosphates , hydroxoarsenates ²⁻, dihydroxoarsenates
• Nesosilicates, monomeric minerals: tetraoxosilicate , hydrotrioxosilicate

• Sorosilicates : heptaoxodisilicate , hydrohexaoxodisilicate , tetraoxosilicate heptaoxodisilicate , decaoxotrisilicate , undecaoxotetrasilicate
• Inosilicates :
• *Single-chain inosilicates: pyroxenes
• *Double-chain inosilicates: amphiboles
• *Other inosilicates:

• Cyclosilicates :
• Phyllosilicates :
• Tridimensional silicate frameworks: tectosilicates
• *Silica family : dioxosilicate
• Tectosilicates, zeolites :

• Dimeric and polymeric minerals, phosphate and sulfate class: polyphosphates, polyoxometalates, hexaniobates , pyrophosphates , pyroarsenates , decavanadates

• Organic minerals, salts of organic acids : oxalates, citrates, acetates, formiate
• Cations: divalent ²⁺, uranyl ²⁺, ammonium ⁺, tetramethylammonium ⁺
• Other building blocks: stannide alloys , aluminide alloys , aluminosilicates, borosilicates, aluminoborosilicates, paddlewheel cluster

  Gallery