List of museums focused on African Americans
This is a list of museums in the United States whose primary focus is on African American culture and history. Such museums are commonly known as African American museums. According to scholar Raymond Doswell, an African American museum is "an institution established for the preservation of African-derived culture."
Museums have a mission of "collecting and preserving material on history and cultural heritage." African American museums share these goals with archives, genealogy groups, historical societies, and research libraries. Museums differ from archives, genealogy groups, historical societies, memorials, and research libraries because they have as a basic educational or aesthetic purpose the collection and display of objects, and regular exhibitions for the public. Being open to the public and having regular hours sets museums apart from historical sites or other facilities that may call themselves museums.
History of African American museums in the United States
The first African American museum was the College Museum in Hampton, Virginia, established in 1868. Prior to 1950, there were about 30 museums devoted to African American culture and history in the United States. These were located primarily at historically black colleges and universities or at libraries that had significant African American culture and history collections.Important collections were developed at Bennett College in Greensboro, North Carolina; Fisk University in Nashville, Tennessee; Howard University in Washington, D.C.; Lincoln University in Chester County, Pennsylvania; Morgan State University in Baltimore, Maryland; Talladega College in Talladega, Alabama; and Tuskegee University in Tuskegee, Alabama. Additionally, local historical societies, history clubs, and reading groups in African American communities also collected and displayed African American cultural artifacts.
The first independent, nonprofit African American museums in the United States were The African American Museum in Cleveland, Ohio, the DuSable Museum of African American History in Chicago, Illinois, and the Charles H. Wright Museum of African American History in Detroit, Michigan. Throughout the 1960s, the energy of the American Civil Rights Movement led to numerous local African American museums being founded. Between 1868 and 1991, there were about 150 African American museums established in 37 states.
Since its opening in 2016, the largest African American museum in the United States is the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of African American History and Culture. The previous record holder was the Charles H. Wright Museum of African American History in Detroit, Michigan.
List of museums
This is a sortable table. Click on the column you wish it sorted by.Name | City | State | Founded | References | Image |
A. Philip Randolph Pullman Porter Museum | Chicago | Illinois | 1995 | ||
African American Civil War Memorial Museum | Washington | D.C. | 1999 | ||
African-American Research Library and Cultural Center | Fort Lauderdale | Florida | 2002 | ||
African American Firefighter Museum | Los Angeles | California | 1997 | ||
African American Multicultural Museum | Scottsdale | Arizona | 2005 | ||
African American Museum | Dallas | Texas | 1974 | ||
African American Museum and Library at Oakland | Oakland | California | 1994 | ||
African American Museum in Cleveland, The | Cleveland | Ohio | 1956 | ||
African American Museum in Philadelphia | Philadelphia | Pennsylvania | 1976 | ||
African American Museum of Iowa | Cedar Rapids | Iowa | 2003 | ||
African American Museum of Nassau County | Hempstead | New York | 1970 | ||
African American Museum of the Arts | DeLand | Florida | 1994 | ||
African American Museum of Southern Illinois | Carbondale | Illinois | 1997 | ||
Afro-American Historical and Cultural Society Museum | Jersey City | New Jersey | 1984 | ||
Alabama State Black Archives Research Center and Museum | Huntsville | Alabama | 1990 | ||
Alexandria Black History Museum | Alexandria | Virginia | 1987 | ||
America's Black Holocaust Museum | Milwaukee | Wisconsin | 1988 | ||
Anacostia Museum | Washington | D.C. | 1967 | ||
Anne Spencer House and Garden Museum | Lynchburg | Virginia | 1977 | ||
APEX Museum | Atlanta | Georgia | 1978 | ||
Arthur "Smokestack" Hardy Fire Museum | Baltimore | Maryland | 1995 | ||
Banneker-Douglass Museum | Annapolis | Maryland | 1984 | ||
Benjamin Banneker Historical Park and Museum | Oella | Maryland | 1998 | ||
Bertha Lee Strickland Cultural Museum | Seneca | South Carolina | 2015 | ||
Birmingham Civil Rights Institute | Birmingham | Alabama | 1992 | ||
Black American West Museum & Heritage Center | Denver | Colorado | 1971 | ||
Black Cowboy Museum | Rosenberg | Texas | 2017 | ||
Black History 101 Mobile Museum | Detroit | Michigan | 1995 | ||
Black History Museum and Cultural Center of Virginia | Richmond | Virginia | 1988 | ||
Bontemps African American Museum | Alexandria | Louisiana | 1988 | ||
Brazos Valley African American Museum | Bryan | Texas | 2006 | ||
Buffalo Soldiers National Museum | Houston | Texas | 2000 | ||
California African American Museum | Los Angeles | California | 1981 | ||
Charles H. Wright Museum of African American History | Detroit | Michigan | 1965 | ||
Clemson Area African American Museum | Clemson | South Carolina | 2010 | ||
Delta Cultural Center | Helena | Arkansas | 1991 | ||
Destination Crenshaw | Los Angeles | California | 2019 | ||
Dorchester Academy and Museum | Midway | Georgia | 2004 | ||
Dr. Carter G. Woodson African American History Museum | St. Petersburg | Florida | 2006 | ||
DuSable Museum of African American History | Chicago | Illinois | 1960 | ||
Finding Our Roots African American Museum | Houma | Louisiana | 2017 | ||
Frederick Douglass National Historic Site | Washington | D.C. | 1962 | ||
George Washington Carver Museum, The | Tuskegee | Alabama | 1941 | ||
George Washington Carver Museum | Phoenix | Arizona | 1980 | ||
George Washington Carver Museum and Cultural Center | Austin | Texas | 1980 | ||
Great Blacks in Wax Museum | Baltimore | Maryland | 1983 | ||
Great Plains Black History Museum | Omaha | Nebraska | 1975 | ||
Griot Museum of Black History, The | St. Louis | Missouri | 1997 | ||
Hammonds House Museum | Atlanta | Georgia | 1988 | ||
Harriet Tubman Underground Railroad Visitor Center | Church Creek | Maryland | 2017 | ||
Harvey B. Gantt Center | Charlotte | North Carolina | 1974 | ||
Idaho Black History Museum | Boise | Idaho | 1995 | ||
International African American Museum | Charleston | South Carolina | 2019 | ||
International Civil Rights Center and Museum | Greensboro | North Carolina | 2010 | ||
John E. Rogers African American Cultural Center | Hartford | Connecticut | 1991 | ||
John G. Riley Center/Museum of African American History and Culture | Tallahassee | Florida | 1996 | ||
Kansas African-American Museum | Wichita | Kansas | 1997 | ||
L.E. Coleman African-American Museum | Halifax County, Virginia | Virginia | 2005 | ||
LaVilla Museum | Jacksonville | Florida | 1999 | ||
Legacy Museum, The | Montgomery | Alabama | 2018 | ||
Legacy Museum of African American History | Lynchburg | Virginia | 2000 | ||
Lewis H. Latimer House | New York City | New York | 2004 | ||
Louis Armstrong House | New York City | New York | 2003 | ||
Martin Luther King, Jr., National Historic Site Visitors Center | Atlanta | Georgia | 1996 | ||
Mary McLeod Bethune Council House National Historic Site | Washington | D.C. | 1979 | ||
Mary McLeod Bethune Home | Daytona Beach | Florida | 1956 | ||
Mary S. Harrell Black Heritage Museum | New Smyrna Beach | Florida | 1999 | ||
Mayme A. Clayton Library and Museum | Culver City | California | 2010 | ||
Mississippi Civil Rights Museum | Jackson | Mississippi | 2017 | ||
MoCADA | New York City | New York | 1999 | ||
Mosaic Templars Cultural Center | Little Rock | Arkansas | 2008 | ||
Muhammad Ali Center | Louisville | Kentucky | 2005 | ||
Museum of African American History & Abiel Smith School | Boston | Massachusetts | 1964 | ||
Museum of the African Diaspora | San Francisco | California | 2005 | ||
Natchez Museum of African American History and Culture | Natchez | Mississippi | 1991 | ||
National African American Archives and Museum | Mobile | Alabama | 1992 | ||
National Afro-American Museum and Cultural Center | Wilberforce | Ohio | 1987 | ||
National Center for Civil and Human Rights | Atlanta | Georgia | 2014 | ||
National Center of Afro-American Artists | Roxbury | Massachusetts | 1969 | ||
National Civil Rights Museum | Memphis | Tennessee | 1991 | ||
National Museum of African American History and Culture | Washington | D.C. | 2016 | ||
National Museum of African American Music | Nashville | Tennessee | 2013 | ||
National Underground Railroad Freedom Center | Cincinnati | Ohio | 2004 | ||
National Voting Rights Museum | Selma | Alabama | 1991 | ||
Negro Leagues Baseball Museum | Kansas City | Missouri | 1990 | ||
New Orleans African American Museum | New Orleans | Louisiana | 1988 | ||
Niagara Falls Underground Railroad Heritage Center | Niagara Falls | New York | 2018 | ||
Northeast Louisiana Delta African American Heritage Museum | Monroe | Louisiana | 1994 | ||
Northwest African American Museum | Seattle | Washington | 2008 | ||
Odell S. Williams Now And Then African-American Museum | Baton Rouge | Louisiana | 2001 | ||
Old Dillard Museum | Fort Lauderdale | Florida | 1995 | ||
Oran Z's Black Facts and Wax Museum | Los Angeles | California | 2000 | ||
Paul R. Jones Collection of African American Art | Newark | Delaware | 2004 | ||
Prince George's African American Museum and Cultural Center | North Brentwood | Maryland | 2010 | ||
Reginald F. Lewis Museum of Maryland African American History & Culture | Baltimore | Maryland | 2005 | ||
River Road African American Museum | Donaldsonville | Louisiana | 1994 | ||
Rosa Parks Museum | Montgomery | Alabama | 2000 | ||
Rural African American Museum | Opelousas | Louisiana | 2018 | ||
Sandy Ground Historical Museum | New York City | New York | 1994 | ||
Slave Mart Museum | Charleston | South Carolina | 1938 | ||
Smith-Robertson Museum and Cultural Center | Jackson | Mississippi | 1984 | ||
Southeastern Regional Black Archives Research Center and Museum | Tallahassee | Florida | 1976 | ||
Springfield and Central Illinois African-American History Museum | Springfield | Illinois | 2012 | ||
Studio Museum in Harlem | New York City | New York | 1968 | ||
Tangipahoa African American Heritage Museum | Hammond | Louisiana | 2005 | ||
Tubman African American Museum | Macon | Georgia | 1981 | ||
Tuskegee Airmen National Historic Site | Tuskegee | Alabama | 2008 | ||
Tuskegee Airmen National Museum | Detroit | Michigan | 1987 | ||
Weeksville Heritage Center | New York City | New York | 2005 | ||
Wells' Built Museum | Orlando | Florida | 2001 | ||
Whitney Plantation | St. John the Baptist Parish | Louisiana | 2014 | ||
Willam V. Banks Broadcast Museum | Detroit | Michigan | 2017 |