List of pantheists

Pantheists

• Nammalvar, one of the twelve Alvars.
• Vyasa, writer of Mahabharata.
• Laozi, name traditionally given to the writer of the Tao Te Ching, and considered the founder of philosophical Taoism.
• Heraclitus, pre-Socratic Greek philosopher, a native of the Greek city Ephesus, Ionia, on the coast of Asia Minor. He was of distinguished parentage. Little is known about his early life and education, but he regarded himself as self-taught and a pioneer of wisdom. From the lonely life he led, and still more from the riddling nature of his philosophy and his contempt for humankind in general, he was called "The Obscure" and the "Weeping Philosopher".
• Adi Shankara or known for consolidating the doctrine of Advaita Vedānta.
• The Stoics are often considered pantheists for their belief that it is virtuous to maintain a will that is in accord with nature and for arguing that physical conceptions are adequate to explain the entire cosmos.
• Johannes Scotus Eriugena, Irish theologian, Neoplatonist philosopher, and poet.
• Amalric of Bena, French theologian, father of medieval pantheism, after whom the Amalricians are named.
• Giordano Bruno, Italian Dominican friar, philosopher, mathematician and astronomer. He was burned at the stake for his pantheist views.
• Baruch Spinoza, Jewish-Dutch philosopher, has been called the "prophet" and "prince" of pantheism.
• John Toland, An Irish rationalist philosopher and freethinker, and occasional satirist, who wrote numerous books including the Pantheisticon.
• George Berkeley, an Irish philosopher whose primary achievement was the advancement of a theory he called "immaterialism".
• Gotthold Ephraim Lessing, German writer, philosopher, dramatist, publicist and art critic. His alleged confession of Spinozism led to what is known as the pantheism controversy of the 1780s.
• Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, German writer, artist, and politician. His body of work includes epic and lyric poetry written in a variety of metres and styles; prose and verse dramas; memoirs; an autobiography; literary and aesthetic criticism; treatises on botany, anatomy, and colour; and four novels. In addition, numerous literary and scientific fragments, and over 10,000 letters written by him are extant, as are nearly 3,000 drawings.
• Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, German philosopher, one of the creators of German Idealism.
• Ludwig van Beethoven, German composer and pianist. A crucial figure in the transition between the Classical and Romantic eras in Western art music, he remains one of the most famous and influential of all composers. His best-known compositions include 9 symphonies, 5 concertos for piano, 32 piano sonatas, and 16 string quartets. He also composed other chamber music, choral works, and songs. He has been labeled a theist as well.
• Caspar David Friedrich, German Romantic landscape painter.
• Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling, German philosopher.
• Hans Christian Ørsted, Danish physicist and chemist who discovered that electric currents create magnetic fields.
• Ralph Waldo Emerson, American essayist, lecturer, and poet, who led the Transcendentalist movement of the mid-19th century.
• Alfred, Lord Tennyson, English poet. Tennyson praised Bruno and Spinoza on his deathbed, saying of Bruno, "His view of God is in some ways mine".
• Henry David Thoreau, American author, poet, philosopher, freemason, abolitionist, naturalist, tax resister, development critic, surveyor, historian, and leading transcendentalist.
• Walt Whitman, American poet, essayist and journalist.
• John Shertzer Hittell, American historian.
• Leo Tolstoy, Russian writer, philosophical essayist and pacifist.
• Robert G. Ingersoll, lawyer, Civil War veteran, political leader, orator, and notable agnostic.
• Friedrich Nietzsche, German philosopher. Mistakenly interpreted as an atheist by his statements about God. The also german philosopher Martin Heidegger says about NIetzsche's conception of divine: “Is Nietzsche here teaching a pan-theism”, asks Heidegger. “If it were pantheism, we would first of all still have to ask what pan — the universe, the whole — and what theos — God — here mean. At all events, here we have a question! So, then, God is not dead? Yes and no! Yes, he is dead. But which God? The God of “morality,” the Christian God is dead — the “Father” in whom we seek sancturary, the “Personality” with whom we negotiate and bare our hearts, the “Judge” with whom we adjudicate, the “Paymaster” from whom we receive our virtues’ reward, that God with whom we do business. Yet where is the mother who will take pay for loving her child? The God who is viewed in terms of morality, this God alone is meant when Nietzsche says “God is dead.” He died because human beings murdered him. They murdered him when they reckoned his divine grandeur in terms of their petty needs for recompense, when they cut him down to their own size. That God fell from power because he was a “blunder” of human beings who negate themselves and negate life.
• Felix Klein, German mathematician.
• Nikola Tesla, Serbian American inventor, known for his discovery of AC power and his invention of radio telecommunications among many other electronic inventions. Believed in aether being the source of all existence and energy, sometimes referred to as prana.
• Gustav Mahler, Late-Romantic Austrian composer and one of the leading conductors of his generation.
• Vazha-Pshavela Georgian poet and writer Luka Razikashvili, noted Georgian patriot and author of the highest calibre in the field of Georgian literature.
• Claude Debussy, French composer.
• Carl Jung, Swiss psychiatrist and psychotherapist who founded analytical psychology. Jung proposed and developed the concept of the collective unconscious from a pantheistic worldview.
• Janusz Korczak, Polish-Jewish educator, children's author, and pediatrician.
• Albert Einstein, German theoretical physicist, one of the most prolific intellects in human history, identified with Spinoza's God and called his own views on God "pantheistic". Einstein held a wavering view on pantheism and at times did not endorse it completely, making the statement in 1930, "I do not know if I can define myself as a pantheist. The problem involved is too vast for our limited minds." Instead, Einstein also frequently spoke of a more Cosmic Spirituality, a view where religion and science are partnered. Einstein rejected atheism.
• D. H. Lawrence, English novelist, poet, playwright, essayist, literary critic and painter.
• Robinson Jeffers, American poet, known for his work about the central California coast.
• Isidor Isaac Rabi, Galician-born American physicist and Nobel laureate, recognized in 1944 for his discovery of nuclear magnetic resonance, which is used in magnetic resonance imaging. He was also involved in the development of the cavity magnetron, which is used in microwave radar and microwave ovens.
• Ansel Adams, American photographer and environmentalist.
• Alan Watts, British philosopher, writer, and speaker.
• Pete Seeger, American folk singer.
• Carl Sagan American astronomer, cosmologist, astrophysicist, astrobiologist, author, science popularizer, and science communicator in astronomy and other natural sciences.
• Jose Mujica, Uruguay president.
• Alan Vega, American vocalist, primarily known for his work with electronic protopunk duo Suicide.
• Michio Kaku, American theoretical physicist and science communicator.
• Chris Goodall, English businessman and author.
• Jadav Payeng, Indian environmentalist and forestry worker.