List of periods and events in climate history The list of periods and events in climate history includes some notable climate events known to paleoclimatology . Knowledge of precise climatic events decreases as the record goes further back in time. The timeline of glaciation covers ice ages specifically, which tend to have their own names for phases, often with different names used for different parts of the world. The names for earlier periods and events come from geology and paleontology . The marine isotope stages are often used to express dating within the Quaternary . Scale: Millions of years before present , earlier dates approximate. Before 1,000 Mya Faint young Sun paradox 2,400 Mya Great Oxygenation Event probably leads to Huronian glaciation perhaps covering the whole globe 650–600 Mya Later Neoproterozoic Snowball Earth or Marinoan glaciation , precursor to the Cambrian Explosion 517 Mya End-Botomian mass extinction ; like the next two, little understood 502 Mya Dresbachian extinction event Mya Cambrian–Ordovician extinction event 450–440 Mya Ordovician–Silurian extinction event , in two bursts, after cooling perhaps caused by tectonic plate movement 450 Mya Andean-Saharan glaciation 360-260 Mya Karoo Ice Age 305 Mya cooler climate causes Carboniferous Rainforest Collapse Mya Permian-Triassic extinction event 199.6 Mya Triassic–Jurassic extinction event , causes as yet unclear 66 Mya, perhaps 30,000 years of volcanic activity form the Deccan Traps in India, Or a large meteor impact. Mya Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary and Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event , extinction of dinosaurs 55.8 Mya Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum 53.7 Mya Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 49 Mya Azolla event may have ended a long warm period 5.3–2.6 Mya Pliocene climate became cooler and drier, and seasonal, similar to modern climates. 2.5 Mya to present Quaternary glaciation , with permanent ice on the polar regions , many named stages in different parts of the worldPleistocene All dates are approximate. "" means this is one of the periods from the Blytt-Sernander sequence , originally based on studies of Danish peat bogs. 120,000–90,000 BP Abbassia Pluvial wet in North Africa 110,000–10,000 BP Last glacial period , not to be confused with the Last Glacial Maximum or Late Glacial Maximum below * 50,000–30,000 BP Mousterian Pluvial wet in North Africa * 26,500–19,000–20,000 BP Last Glacial Maximum, what is often meant in popular usage by "Last Ice Age" * 16,000–13,000 BC Oldest Dryas cold, begins slowly and ends sharply * 12,700 BC Antarctic Cold Reversal warmer Antarctic, sea levels rise * 12,400 BC Bølling oscillation warm and wet in the North Atlantic , begins the Bølling-Allerød period * 12,400–11,500 BC Older Dryas cold, interrupts warm period for some centuries * 12,000–11,000 BC Allerød oscillation warm & moist * 11,400–9,500 BC Huelmo/Mascardi Cold Reversal cold in Southern Hemisphere * 11,000-8,000 BC Late Glacial Maximum, or Tardiglacial * 10,800–9,500 BC Younger Dryas sudden cold and dry period in Northern Hemisphere All dates are BC and approximate. "" means this is one of the periods from the Blytt-Sernander sequence, originally based on studies of Danish peat bogs. From 10,000 BC Holocene glacial retreat , the present Holocene or Postglacial period begins 9,400 BC Pre-Boreal sharp rise in temperature over 50 years, precedes Boreal 8,500 – 6,900 BC Boreal, rising sea levels , forest replaces tundra in northern Europe 7,500 – 3,900 BC Neolithic Subpluvial/African humid period in North Africa, wet 7,000 – 3,000 BC Holocene climatic optimum , or Atlantic in northern Europe 6,200 BC 8.2 kiloyear event cold 5,000–4,100 BC Older Peron warm and wet, global sea levels were 2.5 to 4 meters higher than the twentieth-century average 3,900 BC 5 .9 kiloyear event dry and cold. 3,500 BC End of the African humid period , Neolithic Subpluvial in North Africa, expands Sahara Desert 3,000 BC - 0 Neopluvial in North America 3,200–2,900 BC Piora Oscillation , cold, perhaps not global. Wetter in Europe, drier elsewhere, linked to the domestication of the horse in Central Asia . 2,200 BC 4.2 kiloyear event dry, lasted most of the 22nd century BC , linked to the end of the Old Kingdom in Egypt, and the Akkadian Empire in Mesopotamia, various archaeological cultures in Persia and China 1800-1500 BC Middle Bronze Age Cold Epoch , a period of unusually cold climate in the North Atlantic region Bond Event 2 – possibly triggering the Late Bronze Age collapse 900 – 300 BC Iron Age Cold Epoch cold in North Atlantic. Perhaps associated with the Homeric Minimum 250 BC – 400 AD Roman Warm Period Common Era/AD 250 BC–400 AD Roman Warm Period Climate changes of 535-536 , sudden cooling and failure of harvests, perhaps caused by volcanic dust 900–1300 Medieval warm period , wet in Europe, arid in North America, may have depopulated the Great Plains of North America, associated with the Medieval renaissances in Europe * Great Famine of 1315–17 in Europe Little ice age: Various dates between 1250 and 1550 or later are held to mark the start of the Little ice age , ending at equally varied dates around 1850 * 1460–1550 Spörer Minimum cold * 1656–1715 Maunder Minimum low sunspot activity * 1790–1830 Dalton Minimum low sunspot activity, cold * 1816 Year Without a Summer , caused by volcanic dust 1850–present Retreat of glaciers since 1850 , instrumental temperature record Present and recent past global warming , perhaps to be named the Anthropocene period
Popular articles Javier Milei - Argentine libertarian economist, author, radio conductor and public speaker sympathetic to the Austrian School of economic thought. He became widely known for his regular ...Jimmy Carter - American politician, philanthropist, and former farmer who served as the 39th president of the United States from 1977 to 1981. A member of the Democratic Party, he previ...UEFA Euro 2024 - The 2024 UEFA European Football Championship , commonly referred to as UEFA Euro 2024 or simply Euro 2024 , will be the 17th edition of the UEFA European Championship, the quadrennial internationa...Argentina - country located mostly in the southern half of South America. Sharing the bulk of the Southern Cone with Chile to the west, the country is also b...Sam Altman - American entrepreneur, investor, programmer, and blogger. He is the former president of Y Combinator and now the CEO of OpenAI. Early life and education. ...Rosalynn Carter - American who served as First Lady of the United States from 1977 to 1981 as the wife of President Jimmy Carter. For decades, she has been a leading advocate for numerou...Next Argentine presidential election - Next Argentine presidential election - presidential election in Argentina....Popular movies The Hunger Games (film) - 2012 American dystopian action thriller science fiction-adventure film directed by Gary Ross and based on Suzanne Collins’s 2008 novel of the same name. It is the first insta...untitled Captain Marvel sequel - part of Marvel Cinematic Universe....Killers of the Flower Moon (film project) - Killers of the Flower Moon - film project in United States of America. It was presented as drama, detective fiction, thriller. The film project starred Leonardo Dicaprio, Robert De Niro. Director of...Five Nights at Freddy's (film) - Five Nights at Freddy's - film published in 2017 in United States of America. Scenarist of the film - Scott Cawthon....Popular video games Minecraft - sandbox video game developed by Mojang Studios. Created by Markus "Notch" Persson in the Java programming language and released as a public alpha for personal computers in 2...Grand Theft Auto V - 2013 action-adventure game developed by Rockstar North and published by Rockstar Games. It is the first main entry in the Grand Theft Auto series since 2008's Grand Theft ...Roblox - online game platform and game creation system that allows users to program games and play games created by other users. Founded by David Baszucki and Erik Cassel in 2004 and released in...Baldur's Gate III - upcoming role-playing video game developed and published by Larian Studios for Microsoft Windows and the Stadia streaming service. It is the third main game in the Baldur's ...Alan Wake - action-adventure video game developed by Remedy Entertainment and published by Microsoft Studios, released for the Xbox 360 and Microsoft Windows. The story follows best-selling thri...Fortnite - online video game developed by Epic Games and released in 2017. It is available in three distinct game mode versions that otherwise share the same general gameplay and game engine: ...Super Mario RPG - is a role-playing video game developed by Square and published by Nintendo for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System in 1996. It was directed by Yoshihiko Maekawa and Chihiro Fujioka and produced by...Popular books Book of Revelation - The Book of Revelation is the final book of the New Testament, and consequently is also the final book of the Christian Bible. Its title is derived from the first word of the Koine Greek text: apok...Book of Genesis - account of the creation of the world, the early history of humanity, Israel's ancestors and the origins...Gospel of Matthew - The Gospel According to Matthew is the first book of the New Testament and one of the three synoptic gospels. It tells how Israel's Messiah, rejected and executed in Israel, pronounces judgement on ...Michelin Guide - Michelin Guides are a series of guide books published by the French tyre company Michelin for more than a century. The term normally refers to the annually published Michelin Red Guide , the oldest...Psalms - The Book of Psalms , commonly referred to simply as Psalms , the Psalter or "the Psalms", is the first book of the Ketuvim , the third section of the Hebrew Bible, and thus a book of th...Ecclesiastes - Ecclesiastes is one of 24 books of the Tanakh , where it is classified as one of the Ketuvim . Originally written c. 450–200 BCE, it is also among the canonical Wisdom literature of the Old Tes...The 48 Laws of Power - non-fiction book by American author Robert Greene. The book...Popular television series The Crown (TV series) - historical drama web television series about the reign of Queen Elizabeth II, created and principally written by Peter Morgan, and produced by Left Bank Pictures and Sony Pictures Tel...Friends - American sitcom television series, created by David Crane and Marta Kauffman, which aired on NBC from September 22, 1994, to May 6, 2004, lasting ten seasons. With an ensemble cast sta...Young Sheldon - spin-off prequel to The Big Bang Theory and begins with the character Sheldon...Modern Family - American television mockumentary family sitcom created by Christopher Lloyd and Steven Levitan for the American Broadcasting Company. It ran for eleven seasons, from September 23...Loki (TV series) - upcoming American web television miniseries created for Disney+ by Michael Waldron, based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name. It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe, shar...Game of Thrones - American fantasy drama television series created by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss for HBO. It...Shameless (American TV series) - American comedy-drama television series developed by John Wells which debuted on Showtime on January 9, 2011. It...
OWIKI.org . Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.