List of presidents of the National Assembly of France
This article lists Presidents of the French Parliament or, as the case may be, of its lower chamber.
The National Constituent Assembly was created in 1789 out of the Estates-General. It, and the revolutionary legislative assemblies that followed – the Legislative Assembly and the National Convention, had a quickly rotating Presidency. With the establishment of the Directory in 1795, there were two chambers of the French legislature. The lower, the Council of Five Hundred, also had a quickly rotating chairmanship. Under Napoleon I, the Legislative Corps had all authority to actually enact laws, but was essentially a rubberstamp body, lacking the power to debate legislation. With the restoration of the monarchy, a bicameral system was restored, with a Chamber of Peers and a Chamber of Deputies. The Chamber of Deputies, for the first time, had presidents elected for a substantial period of time.
With the revolution of 1848, the monarchical assemblies were dissolved and replaced again with a unicameral National Assembly, which Napoleon III replaced with a new version of his uncle's Legislative Corps. With the establishment of the Third Republic, the name of Chamber of Deputies was restored; after 1876 it was joined by a Senate as upper house. The Chamber of Deputies was renamed the National Assembly in the constitution of the Fourth Republic, and is still known as that.
Presidents of the National Constituent Assembly (1789–1791)
Presidents of the National Constituent Assembly rotated in short periods.Presidents of the Legislative Assembly (1791–1792)
Presidents of the Legislative Assembly rotated in short periods.Presidents of the National Convention (1792–1795)
Bold indicates second term as President.CoPS refers to Committee of Public Safety
CoGS refers to Committee of General Security
President | Began | Ended | Notes |
Philippe Rühl | 20 September 1792 | 20 September 1792 | Served briefly at opening of first session as Dean. |
Jérôme Pétion de Villeneuve | 20 September 1792 | 4 October 1792 | Girondist: Committed suicide while in hiding June 1794. |
Jean-François Delacroix | 4 October 1792 | 18 October 1792 | Executed with Danton, 5 April 1794. |
Marguerite-Élie Guadet | 18 October 1792 | 1 November 1792 | Girondist: Executed 17 June 1794. |
Marie-Jean Hérault de Séchelles | 1 November 1792 | 15 November 1792 | Executed with Danton, 5 April 1794. Member of CoPS. |
Henri Grégoire | 15 November 1792 | 29 November 1792 | Constitutional Bishop of Blois. |
Bertrand Barère de Vieuzac | 29 November 1792 | 13 December 1792 | Member of CoPS. |
Jacques Defermon des Chapelieres | 15 December 1792 | 27 December 1792 | a Girondist who survived in hiding. |
Jean-Baptiste Treilhard | 27 December 1792 | 10 January 1793 | Member of CoPS,, and. |
Pierre-Victurnien Vergniaud | 10 January 1793 | 24 January 1793 | Girondist: Executed 31 October 1793. |
Jean-Paul Rabaut Saint-Étienne | 24 January 1793 | 7 February 1793 | Girondist: Executed 5 December 1793. |
Jean-Jacques Bréard | 7 February 1793 | 21 February 1793 | Member of CoPS,,. |
Edmond Louis Alexis Dubois-Crancé | 21 February 1793 | 7 March 1793 | |
Armand Gensonné | 7 March 1793 | 21 March 1793 | Girondist: Executed 31 October 1793. |
Jean Debry | 21 March 1793 | 4 April 1793 | Later served as member of CoGS. |
Jean-François-Bertrand Delmas | 4 April 1793 | 18 April 1793 | Member of CoPS,. |
Marc David Alba Lasource | 18 April 1793 | 2 May 1793 | Girondist: Executed 31 October 1793. |
Jean-Baptiste Boyer-Fonfrède | 2 May 1793 | 16 May 1793 | Girondist: Executed 31 October 1793. |
Maximin Isnard | 16 May 1793 | 30 May 1793 | Member of CoGS. Girondist who survived in hiding. |
François René Auguste Mallarmé | 30 May 1793 | 13 June 1793 | |
Jean-Marie Collot d'Herbois | 13 June 1793 | 27 June 1793 | Member of CoPS. |
Jacques-Alexis Thuriot de la Rosière | 27 June 1793 | 11 July 1793 | Member of CoPS,. |
Jean Bon Saint-André | 11 July 1793 | 25 July 1793 | Member of CoPS. |
Georges Danton | 25 July 1793 | 8 August 1793 | Executed 5 April 1794. |
Marie-Jean Hérault de Séchelles | 8 August 1793 | 22 August 1793 | See above. |
Maximilien Robespierre | 22 August 1793 | 5 September 1793 | Executed 28 July 1794. Member of CoPS. |
Jacques Nicolas Billaud-Varenne | 5 September 1793 | 19 September 1793 | Member of CoPS. |
Joseph Cambon | 19 September 1793 | 3 October 1793 | Member of Finance Committee, created Great Book of the Public Debt. |
Louis-Joseph Charlier | 3 October 1793 | 22 October 1793 | |
Moyse Bayle | 22 October 1793 | 6 November 1793 | |
Pierre Antoine Laloy | 6 November 1793 | 21 November 1793 | |
Gilbert Romme | 21 November 1793 | 6 December 1793 | Committed suicide after failed Prairial Insurrection of Year III. |
Jean-Henri Voulland | 6 December 1793 | 21 December 1793 | Member of CoGS. |
Georges Couthon | 21 December 1793 | 5 January 1794 | Executed with Robespierre. Member of CoPS. |
Jacques-Louis David | 5 January 1794 | 20 January 1794 | Famous painter. Member of CoGS. |
Marc-Guillaume-Alexis Vadier | 20 January 1794 | 4 February 1794 | Member of CoGS. |
Joseph-Nicolas Barbeau du Barran | 4 February 1794 | 19 February 1794 | Known as Dubarran. |
Louis Saint-Just | 19 February 1794 | 6 March 1794 | Executed with Robespierre A member of CoPS. |
Philippe Rühl | 6 March 1794 | 21 March 1794 | Member of CoGS. |
Jean-Lambert Tallien | 21 March 1794 | 5 April 1794 | |
Jean-Pierre-André Amar | 5 April 1794 | 20 April 1794 | Member of CoGS. |
Jean-Baptiste-Robert Lindet | 20 April 1794 | 5 May 1794 | Member of CoPS,. |
Lazare Carnot | 5 May 1794 | 20 May 1794 | Member of CoPS. Director of France |
Claude-Antoine Prieur de la Côte d'Or | 20 May 1794 | 4 June 1794 | Member of CoPS. |
Maximilien Robespierre | 4 June 1794 | 19 June 1794 | Presided over Festival of the Supreme Being in this term. |
Élie Lacoste | 19 June 1794 | 5 July 1794 | |
Jean-Antoine Louis du Bas-Rhin | 5 July 1794 | 19 July 1794 | Member of CoGS. |
Jean-Marie Collot d'Herbois | 19 July 1794 | 3 August 1794 | See above. |
Philippe-Antoine Merlin de Douai | 3 August 1794 | 18 August 1794 | Member of CoPS,,. Director of France. |
Antoine-Christophe Merlin de Thionville | 18 August 1794 | 2 September 1794 | |
André Antoine Bernard de Saintes | 2 September 1794 | 22 September 1794 | |
André Dumont | 22 September 1794 | 7 October 1794 | |
Jean Jacques Régis Cambacérès | 7 October 1794 | 22 October 1794 | Napoleon's Second Consul. |
Pierre Louis Prieur de la Marne | 22 October 1794 | 6 November 1794 | Member of CoPS, . |
Louis Legendre | 6 November 1794 | 24 November 1794 | |
Jean-Baptiste Clauzel | 24 November 1794 | 6 December 1794 | |
Jean-François Reubell | 6 December 1794 | 21 December 1794 | Director of France. |
Pierre-Louis Bentabole | 21 December 1794 | 6 January 1795 | |
Étienne-François Le Tourneur de la Manche | 6 January 1795 | 20 January 1795 | Director of France. |
Joseph-Stanislas Rovère de Fontvielle | 20 January 1795 | 4 February 1795 | |
Paul Barras | 4 February 1795 | 19 February 1795 | Director of France. |
Francois Louis Bourdon de l'Oise | 19 February 1795 | 6 March 1795 | |
Antoine Claire Thibaudeau | 6 March 1795 | 24 March 1795 | |
Jean Pelet de la Lozère | 24 March 1795 | 5 April 1795 | Protestant leader. |
François Antoine de Boissy d'Anglas | 5 April 1795 | 20 April 1795 | Member of CoPS. |
Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès | 20 April 1795 | 5 May 1795 | Director of France. Arranged coup of 18 Brumaire, Napoleon's Second Consul. |
Théodore Vernier | 5 May 1795 | 26 May 1795 | |
Jean-Baptiste Charles Matthieu | 26 May 1795 | 4 June 1795 | |
Jean-Denis Lanjuinais | 4 June 1795 | 19 June 1795 | |
Jean-Baptiste Louvet de Couvrai | 19 June 1795 | 4 July 1795 | |
Louis Gustave le Doulcet | 4 July 1795 | 19 July 1795 | Girondist survivor. |
Louis Marie de La Révellière-Lépeaux | 19 July 1795 | 3 August 1795 | Director of France. |
Pierre Claude François Daunou | 3 August 1795 | 19 August 1795 | Girondist survivor. |
Joseph Chénier | 19 August 1795 | 2 September 1795 | |
Théophile Berlier | 2 September 1795 | 23 September 1795 | |
Pierre-Charles-Louis Baudin | 23 September 1795 | 8 October 1795 | |
Jean Joseph Victor Génissieu | 8 October 1795 | 26 October 1795 | Minister of Justice and Lord Chancellor of France 5 January - 4 April 1796. |