List of systemically important banks


Certain large banks are tracked and labelled by several authorities as systemically important financial institutions, depending on the scale and the degree of influence they hold in global and domestic financial markets. Since 2011, the Financial Stability Board has published a list of global systemically important banks, while individual countries also maintain their own lists of domestic systemically important banks, also known in Europe as "national SIFIs". In addition, special lists of regional systemically important banks also exist.
In 2009, as a regulatory response to the revealed vulnerability of the banking sector in the financial crisis of 2007–08, and attempting to come up with a solution to solve the "too big to fail" interdependence between G-SIBs and the economy of sovereign states, the Financial Stability Board started to develop a method to identify G-SIBs to whom a set of stricter requirements would apply. The first publication of some leaked unofficial G-SIB lists, during a time when the FSB identification method was still being tested and subject for subsequent adjustments, took place in November 2009 and November 2010. The first official version of the G-SIB list was published by FSB in November 2011, and has ever since been updated each year in November. This G-SIB list is the first one shown below.
All G-SIBs and D-SIBs with headquarters in the US and Europe are required each year to submit an updated emergency Resolution Plan to their Financial Supervision Authority. Basel III also requires that all identified G-SIBs no later than March 2018, shall operate with a minimum total capital adequacy ratio comprising:
This requirement towards G-SIBs depend on an indicator-based measure of size, interconnectedness, complexity, non-substitutibility and global reach, elevating it to be 1.0% or 1.5% or 2.0% or 2.5% or 3.5% higher, compared to the similar Basel III capital requirement at 7% towards banks not contained on the list.
In addition to the Basel III Capital Adequacy Ratio requirements, on November 10, 2014 the FSB issued a consultative document that defines a global standard for minimum amounts of Total Loss Absorbency Capacity to be held by G-SIBs. The TLAC are amounts to be held in addition to the Capital Adequacy Ratio requirements, by G-SIBs. This proposal was under consultation until February 2, 2015, when the requirement was finalized. The FSB issued the final minimum total loss-absorbing capacity standard for 30 G-SIBs 9 November 2015.
The second list, further below, include all those financial institutions having been identified as systemically important by a national regulator, the so-called D-SIBs. For the United States, this list include all those financial institutions not being big enough for G-SIB status, but still with high enough domestic systemically importance making them subject to the most stringent annual Stress Test by the Federal Reserve.
In 2013, the EU also adopted a regulation to identify all Domestic SIBs within each EEA member state, which after a phase-in during 2015–18, then shall comply with some even higher total capital adequacy ratio requirements – in accordance with how systemically important they are. Beside of expanding the SIB list, so that it now both include G-SIBs and D-SIBs, the regulation also ensure that all European G-SIBs, will face some higher capital adequacy ratio requirements compared to those required by the FSB.
Both Basel III and the EU regulation, in addition also introduced a potential counter-cyclical capital ratio buffer, which can be enforced by national authorities on top of the noted total capital adequacy ratios, with demands of up till 2.5% extra Common Equity Tier 1 capital towards all financial institutions, during years where the total lending in the specific nation starts to grow faster than the national GDP.

List of Global Systemically Important Banks (G-SIBs)

Total capital ratio requirement
Mizuho FGAsia¥, Yen2011–present FSAj 11.5%
Sumitomo MitsuiAsia¥, Yen2011–present FSAj 11.5%
Mitsubishi UFJ FGAsia¥, Yen2011–present FSAj 12.0%
State Bank of IndiaAsia₹, INR2011–present Reserve bank of India 12.72%
ICICI BankAsia₹, INR2011–present Reserve bank of India 16.89%
HDFC BankAsia₹, INR2011–present Reserve bank of India 17.1%
Bank of ChinaAsia元, Renminbi2011–present CBIRCMajority state-owned11.5%
ICBCAsia元, Renminbi2013–present CBIRCMajority state-owned11.5%
Agricultural Bank of ChinaAsia元, Renminbi2014–present CBIRCMajority state-owned11.5%
China Construction BankAsia元, Renminbi2015–present CBIRCMajority state-owned11.5%
Dexia GroupEMEA€, Euro2011 FSMAUnderwent resolution October 2011. Dexia Belgium was split off to form Belfius, while remaining part of the group was left to be liquidated.-
BNP ParibasEMEA€, Euro2011–present AMF 12.5%
Crédit AgricoleEMEA€, Euro2011–present AMF 11.5%
Groupe BPCEEMEA€, Euro2011–2016, 2018 AMF10.5%
Société GénéraleEMEA€, Euro2011–present AMF 11.5%
CommerzbankEMEA€, Euro2011 BaFinRemoved due to declining systemic importance10.5%
Deutsche BankEMEA€, Euro2011–present BaFin 12.5%
Unicredit GroupEMEA€, Euro2011–present CONSOB 11.5%
ING BankEMEA€, Euro2011–present DNB 11.5%
Banco Bilbao Vizcaya ArgentariaEMEA€, Euro2012–2015 BdERemoved due to declining systemic importance10.5%
SantanderEMEA€, Euro2011–present BdE 11.5%
NordeaEMEA€, Euro2011–present FIN-FSARemoved due to declining systemic importance11.5%
Credit SuisseEMEAFr, Swiss franc2011–present FINMA 12.0%
UBSEMEAFr, Swiss franc2011–present FINMA 11.5%
Royal Bank of ScotlandEMEA£, GBP2011–2018 PRARemoved due to declining systemic importance12.0%
BarclaysEMEA£, GBP2011–present PRA 12.5%
HSBCEMEA$, USD2011–present PRA 13.0%
Lloyds Banking GroupEMEA£, GBP2011 PRARemoved due to declining systemic importance10.5%
Standard CharteredEMEA$, USD2012–present PRA 11.5%
Royal Bank of CanadaAmericas$, CAD2017–present OSFI 11.5%
Toronto-Dominion BankAmericas$, CAD2019–present OSFI 11.5%
Bank of AmericaAmericas$, USD2011–present2009–presentFSOC 12.0%
Bank of New York MellonAmericas$, USD2011–present2009–presentFSOC 11.5%
CitigroupAmericas$, USD2011–present2009–presentFSOC 12.5%
Goldman SachsAmericas$, USD2011–present2009–presentFSOC 12.0%
JP Morgan ChaseAmericas$, USD2011–present2009–presentFSOC 13.0%
Morgan StanleyAmericas$, USD2011–present2009–presentFSOC 12.0%
State StreetAmericas$, USD2011–present2009–presentFSOC 11.5%
Wells FargoAmericas$, USD2011–present2009–presentFSOC 11.5%

List of Domestic Systemically Important Banks (D-SIBs)

D-SIBs in the US

For the United States, the D-SIB list include those financial institutions not being big enough for G-SIB status, but still with high enough domestic systemically importance making them subject to the most stringent annual Stress Test by the Federal Reserve. Strictly speaking, the Financial Stability Oversight Council does not designate any banks or bank holding companies as systemically important, but the Dodd–Frank Act in its terms on the statute imposes heightened supervision standards on any bank holding company with a larger than $50 billion balance sheet. Despite the lack of any official D-SIB designation, the banks being subject to the USA Stress Test can be considered to be D-SIBs in the US. The group of banks being stress tested was identical throughout 2009–2013, except for MetLife Bank ceasing its banking and mortgage lending activities in 2012 – and therefore subsequently leaving the group of supervised entities. In 2014 the stress test was expanded from 18 to 30 banks, as a result of a phase-in of the provisions of the Board's Dodd–Frank Act stress test rules, only making the additional 12 entities subject to this stress test starting from 2014.
All G-SIBs and D-SIBs with headquarters in the US are not only required to comply with some stricter capital ratio requirements but also required to submit an updated emergency Resolution Plan each year to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
Total capital ratio requirement
Ally FinancialAmericas$, USD 2009–FSOCNYSEFormerly GMAC Inc.
American ExpressAmericas$, USD 2009–FSOCNYSE
Truist FinancialAmericas$, USD 2009–FSOCNYSE
BBVA CompassAmericas$, USD 2014–FSOCSubsidiary of BBVA
BMO Financial Corp.Americas$, USD 2014–FSOCSubsidiary of Bank of Montreal. Formerly Harris Financial Corp.
Capital One FinancialAmericas$, USD 2009–FSOCNYSE
ComericaAmericas$, USD 2014–FSOCNYSE
Discover Financial ServicesAmericas$, USD 2014–FSOCNYSE
Fifth Third BankAmericas$, USD 2009–FSOCNASDAQ
HSBC North America HoldingsAmericas$, USD 2014–FSOCSubsidiary of HSBC Holdings
Huntington BancsharesAmericas$, USD 2014–FSOCNASDAQ
KeyCorpAmericas$, USD 2009–FSOCNYSE
M&T BankAmericas$, USD 2014–FSOCNYSE
MetLifeAmericas$, USD 2009‑12FSOCNYSEFailed the stress test in 2012, and consequently sold its banking unit to GE Capital and its mortgage servicing business to JPMorgan Chase.-
Northern TrustAmericas$, USD 2014–FSOCNASDAQ
PNC Financial ServicesAmericas$, USD 2009–FSOCNYSE
RBS Citizens Financial GroupAmericas$, USD 2014–FSOCNYSESubsidiary of Royal Bank of Scotland
Regions FinancialAmericas$, USD 2009–FSOCNYSE
Santander Holdings USAAmericas$, USD 2014–FSOCNYSESubsidiary of Santander Group
SunTrust BanksAmericas$, USD 2009–FSOCNYSE
U.S. BancorpAmericas$, USD 2009–FSOCNYSE
UnionBanCalAmericas$, USD 2014–FSOCSubsidiary of Mitsubishi UFJ FG
ZionsAmericas$, USD 2014–FSOCNYSE, NASDAQ

D-SIBs within each of the EEA member states (both domestic and global)

In 2013 a new SIB regulation was formulated and adopted by the European Union, which outlined the responsibility for each EU member state and all of the three other EEA member states, to compose a list of all their domestic SIBs, and implement some new total capital ratio requirements towards these identified D-SIBs. The total capital ratio requirements towards D-SIBs, will be stricter than the minimum 10.5% required by Basel III towards all normal sized financial institutions, which comprise a requirement of:
  • max. 2% Tier 2 capital.
  • max. 1.5% Additional Tier 1 capital.
  • min. 7% high quality Tier 1 capital.
The new stricter EU regulated capital requirements, applying towards all "credit institutions or investment firms" identified as being a D-SIB, basically adds further high quality Common Equity Tier 1 capital buffers on top of the above 10.5% Basel III minimum capital requirement, to be phased in during 2015–2019, with full effect for the calendar year 2019. In addition, the new EU rules also requires all instruments recognised in the Additional Tier 1 capital of any "credit institution or investment firm" to be Contingent Convertibles with the attached clause, that it automatically will be either written down or converted into Common Equity Tier 1 instruments if the Common Equity Tier 1 capital ratio of the institution at any point of time falls below 5.125%.
Each national SIB list of the EEA Member States include: The already identified G-SIBs with headquarters in the concerned state, and the Other Systemically Important Institutions with headquarters/branches in the concerned state - to be identified at the latest on 31 December 2015. The European Banking Authority has published some mandatory guidelines on how the O-SIIs shall be identified in each EEA Member State, which will take effect on 1 January 2015. All identified SIBs in the list below are subject to the new elevated capital ratio requirements, which can be introduced immediately or phased in during 2015–2019.
EEA member statesIdentified SIBsTotal capital ratio requirement
in 2019
Danske Bank13.5%+IRP
Nordea Denmark12.5%+IRP
Nykredit12.5%+IRP
Jyske Bank12.0%+IRP
Sydbank11.5%+IRP
DLR11.5%+IRP
BNP Paribas
Crédit Agricole
Groupe BPCE
Société Générale
+ yet to be identified O-SIIs
Deutsche Bank
+ yet to be identified O-SIIs
Unicredit Group
Intesa Sanpaolo
Monte dei Paschi di Siena
ING Bank
Rabobank
ABN Amro
SNS Bank
DNB ASA16.5%+IRP
Nordea Bank Norge ASA16.5%+IRP
Kommunalbanken16.5%+IRP
Banco SantanderG-SII and O-SII, 1% buffer
BBVAO-SII, 0.75% buffer
CaixabankO-SII, 0.25% buffer
BankiaO-SII, 0.25% buffer
Banco SabadellO-SII, 0.25% buffer
Swedbank24.3%
Svenska Handelsbanken22.5%
SEB19.9%
Nordea19.0%
HSBC
Barclays
Nationwide Building Society
Standard Chartered Bank
Lloyds Banking Group
Santander UK
Royal Bank of Scotland
The Co-operative Bank

;Notes
In addition to the total capital ratio requirements noted above, each EEA member state will – as regulated by CRD4 – be allowed also to introduce counter-cyclical capital ratio buffers of up to 2.5% extra Common Equity Tier 1 capital, applying for all financial institutions at the national level, if their national statistics measure the total lending to grow faster than the national GDP.

Additional capital buffer requirements for the resolution phase

As of December 2013, the EU institutions also started the technical process to approve a new Bank Recovery and Resolution Directive, with entry into force on 1 January 2015, which also outlined the requirement of an extra crisis-management capital buffer, referred to as Minimum Requirement for own funds and Eligible Liabilities , to be decided by resolution authorities on a case by case basis. The directive so far did not quantify or specify minimum standards for how big the MREL needs to be. MREL aims to ensure that all firms have adequate total loss-absorbing capacity to be used in a possible resolution phase, including sufficient liabilities that could credibly be exposed to loss in resolution. All EU banks and investment firms will be subject to the MREL requirement, which will be set depending on firm specific risk assessments, from January 2016 at the latest. Separately, the FSB is also working on a proposal on Gone-concern Loss-Absorbing Capacity – such as long-term bonded debt – that will apply for G-SIBs. By ensuring that there are a sufficient amount of liabilities available to be bailed in at the point of resolution, GLAC will complement the MREL requirement.
MREL and GLAC are treated, as separate requirements from the total capital ratio requirement.

D-SIBs situated outside EEA or US (both domestic and global)