Lists of state leaders by year


This is a list of heads of state, government leaders, and other rulers in any given year.

3rd millennium

;Twenty-first century

2nd millennium by century

;Twentieth century
;Nineteenth century
;Eighteenth century
;Seventeenth century
;Sixteenth century
;Fifteenth century
;Fourteenth century
;Thirteenth century
;Twelfth century
;Eleventh century

1st millennium by century

1st millennium BC by century

2nd millennium BC by century

3rd–4th millennium BC