Long dice
Long dice are dice, often roughly right prisms, designed to land on any of several marked lateral faces, but not either end. Landing on end may be rendered very rare simply by their small size relative to the faces, by the instability implicit in the height of the dice, and by rolling the long dice along their axes rather than tossing. Many long dice provide further insurance against landing on end by giving the ends a rounded or peaked shape, rendering such an outcome physically impossible.
Design advantages of long dice include being relatively easy to create fair dice with an odd number of faces, and being easier to roll than tetrahedral d4 dice.
Four faces (square prisms)
Both cubic dice and four-faced long dice are found as early as the mid third millennium BCE at Indus Valley Civilisation sites; these are marked variously with dot-and-ring figures, linear devices, and Indus Valley signs. Dot-and-ring figures are used to this day on long dice in India, and predominate in the central European long dice shown above. In India, long dice are used to play Chaupar ; the faces may be marked with the values 1-3-4-6 or 1-2-5-6, though older Indian long dice were marked 1-2-3-4.Similar dice were used by Germanic people before the Migration Period. These include distinctive roughly ovoid Westerwanna-type dice ; these are typically about 2 cm in length and marked with dot-and-ring figures of values 2-3-4-5.
Long dice are used with the Scandinavian games Daldøs and Sáhkku ; these dice may be so short as to exhibit nearly square faces, and therefore feature pyramidal ends.
More faces (n-gonal prisms)
A five-faced long die is used in the Korean game of Dignitaries.Owzthat and similar forms of pencil cricket use two six-faced long dice.
Though the traditional English Lang Larence was sometimes four-faced, it commonly appeared with eight faces, even though they continued to display only four distinct values.
| Marking | Name | Result |
| XXXXXXXXXX | "Flush" | Take all counters from the pool |
| | || || | | "Put doan two" | Put 2 counters into the pool |
| \/\/\ | "Lave all" | Neither take nor put |
| ||| | "Sam up one" | Take 1 counter from the pool |
This gambling game played with the Lang Larence is the same as that usually played with teetotums. A teetotum is essentially a long die with a spindle through its axis, allowing it to be spun and preventing it landing on end. Though many teetotums are four-faced, they may have any practical number of faces.