Luisa Valenzuela
Luisa Valenzuela is a post-'Boom' novelist and short story writer. Her writing is characterized by an experimental style which questions hierarchical social structures from a feminist perspective. She is best known for her work written in response to the dictatorship of the 1970s in Argentina. Works such as Como en la guerra, Cambio de armas and Cola de lagartija combine a powerful critique of dictatorship with an examination of patriarchal forms of social organization and the power structures which inhere in human sexuality and gender relationships.
Biography
Luisa Valenzuela was born and raised in Buenos Aires, Argentina, on November 26, 1938, to Pablo Franciso Valenzuela, a physician, and to writer Luisa Mercedes Levinson. At her mother's house various writers gathered such as Adolfo Bioy Casares, Jorge Luis Borges and Ernesto Sabato. Though she felt an interest in natural sciences from an early age, at 17 she began publishing in several newspapers, such as Atlántida, El Hogar and Esto Es, and worked for Radio Belgrano, as well. At 20, just barely married to Theodore Marjak, a French merchant marine, she moved to Paris where she worked for Radio Télévision Française, and met members of both the nouveau roman literary movement and Tel Quel. She published her first fiction work entitled Clara, whose main character would give its name to the title of the book of both English and French translations. In 1958, Luisa Valenzuela gave birth to her daughter Anna-Luisa. In 1961 she moved back to Argentina, where she worked as a journalist for La Nación and Crisis magazine. In 1965 she got divorced. During 1967 and 1968 she traveled throughout Bolivia, Peru and Brazil working for La Nación.In 1969 she obtained the Fulbright Scholarship to study at the University of Iowa where she wrote The Efficient Cat. Between 1972 and 1974 she lived in Mexico City, Paris and Barcelona, with a brief stay in New York, where she researched the expression of the marginal United States literature as a recipient of the scholarship awarded by Argentina's National Fund for the Arts. As a consequence of the National Reorganization Process, that partially censored her novel He Who Searches by removing a torture scene, she moved to the United States where she lived for ten years. There she published in 1982 her short fiction book Change of Guard and in 1983 The Lizard's Tail, a novel about José López Rega, Minister of Social Welfare during María Estela Martínez's presidency that was supposed to be originally titled as Red Ant Sorcerer, Lord of Tacurú and Her Sister Estrella.
Luisa Valenzuela was a Resident Writer at the Center for Interamerican Relations at New York and Columbia University, where she taught writing workshops and seminars for ten years. She was a member of the New York Institute for the Humanities, at the Fund for Free Expression and member of the Freedom to Write Committee of the PEN American Center. In 1983 she was awarded the Guggenheim Scholarship. In 1989 she returned to Buenos Aires, where she finished her fiction works National Reality from Bed, conceived initially as a play but finished as a novel and Black novel with Argentines that originally was meant to bear the title of The Motive.
Awards
- 1969 Fulbright Scholarship
- 1972 Scholarship of Argentine "Fondo Nacional de las Artes" for investigations in New York City
- 1981/82 Fellow of the Institute for the Humanities of New York University
- 1983 Guggenheim-Scholarship
- 1985 Distinguished Writer in Residence at New York University
- Honorary Doctor of University of Knox, Illinois
- 1997 Medal "Machado de Assis" of Academia Brasilera de Letras
- 2004 Premio Astralba
- 2011 Elected Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
- 2016 Gran Premio de Honor de la SADE
- 2017 Honorary Doctor of Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Argentina
Works
Novels
Spanish
- Hay que sonreír. Buenos Aires: Editorial Americalee, 1966..
- El gato eficaz. México: Ediciones Joaquín Mortíz, 1972..
- Como en la guerra. Buenos Aires: Sudamericana, 1977..
- Cola de lagartija. Buenos Aires: Editorial Bruguera, 1983..
- Realidad nacional desde la cama. Buenos Aires: Grupo Editor Latinoamericano, 1990, 1993.
- Novela negra con argentinos. Barcelona: Ed. Plaza y Janés, 1990..
- La Travesía. Buenos Aires: Editorial Norma, 2001..
- El Mañana. Buenos Aires: Editorial Seix Barral, 2010.
- Cuidado con el tigre. Buenos Aires: Editorial Seix Barral, 2011.
- La máscara sarda, el profundo secreto de Perón. Buenos Aires: Editorial Seix Barral, 2012.
English
- Clara. Latin American Literary Review/Press, USA 1999.
- The Lizard's Tail. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, USA 1983..
- He Who Searches. Dalkey Archive Press, USA 1986.
- Black Novel . Simon & Schuster. USA 1992..
- Bedside Manners. Serpent's Tail/High Risk. USA, 1995..
Short stories
- Papito's Story.
Spanish
- Los heréticos. Buenos Aires: Editorial Paidós, 1967.
- Aquí pasan cosas raras. Buenos Aires: Ediciones de la Flor, 1975 and 1991.
- Libro que no muerde. México: Difusión Cultural, UNAM, 1980.
- Cambio de armas. Ediciones del Norte, Hanover, 1982..
- Donde viven las águilas. Buenos Aires: Editorial Celtia, 1983.
- Simetrías. Buenos Aires: Ed. Sudamericana, 1993..
- Antología personal. Buenos Aires: Ediciones Desde la Gente, 1998.
- Cuentos completos y uno más. México / Buenos Aires: Alfaguara, 1999, 2001.
- Simetrías/Cambio de Armas . Valencia: Ediciones ExCultura, 2002.
- El placer rebelde. Antología general. Prólogo y selección de Guillermo Saavedra. Buenos Aires, México: Fondo de Cultura Económica, 2003.
- Microrrelatos completos hasta hoy. Córdoba : Editorial Alción, 2004.
- Trilogía de los bajos fondos . México: Fondo de Cultura Económica, 2004.
English
- Clara, 13 short stories and a novel. Harcourt, Brace and Jovanovich, USA 1976.
- Strange Things Happen Here. 19 short stories and a novel. Harcourt, Brace and Jovanovich, USA 1979.
- Other Weapons. Ediciones del Norte/Persea Books, USA 1985.
- Open Door. North Point Press, USA 1988..
- The Censors. Curbstone Press, USA 1992.
- Symmetries. Serpent's Tail/ High Risk. USA & England 1998.
- "A family for Clotilde", in Wendy Martin, The art of short story. USA: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2006.
- "Blind dates", in Pretext, Number 11, London 2005.
Essays
Spanish
- Peligrosas Palabras. Buenos Aires: Editorial Temas, 2001..
- Escritura y Secreto. México: Editorial Ariel, 2002..
- Los deseos oscuros y los otros . Buenos Aires: Ed. Norma, 2002.
Reading her own work