Lungo


Lungo is a coffee beverage made by using an espresso machine to make an Italian-style coffee – short black with much more water, resulting in a larger coffee, a lungo.
A normal serving of espresso takes from 18 to 30 seconds to pull, and fills 25 to 60 millilitres, while a lungo may take up to a minute to pull, and might fill 130 to 170 millilitres. Extraction time of the dose is determined by the variety of coffee beans, their grind and the pressure of the machine.
In French it is called café allongé.

Related beverages

A caffè lungo should not be mistaken for a caffè americano or a long black.
In the lungo, all the water is brewed, and the lungo is generally shorter than an Americano or a long black.
In comparison, the caffè crema is a significantly longer drink, comparable in size to an Americano or long black. Like the lungo, it is all brewed water, but is about twice as long as a lungo.

Flavour

As the amount of water is increased or decreased relative to a normal shot, the composition of the shot changes due to the fact that the flavour components of coffee dissolve at varying rates. For this reason, a long or short shot will not contain the same ratio of components that a normal shot contains. Therefore, a ristretto is not simply twice as "strong" as a regular shot, nor is a lungo simply half the strength. Moreover, since espresso is brewed under pressure, a lungo does not have the same taste or composition as coffee produced by other methods, even when made with the same ratio of water and ground coffee.

Brewing

Ristretto, normale, and lungo are relative terms without exact measurements. Nevertheless, a rough guide is a brewing ratio of 1:1 for ristretto, 1:2 for normale, and 1:3–1:4 for lungo – a ristretto is thus 30 ml/1 oz, normale is 60 ml/2 oz, and lungo is 90–120 ml/3–4 oz. By contrast, a caffè crema will be approximately 180 ml/6 oz.