Lyneham, Yealmpton
Lyneham in the parish of Yealmpton in Devon, is an historic estate. The surviving grand mansion house known as Lyneham House is a grade I listed building. It was built c.1699-1703 by Sir Courtenay Croker, MP for Plympton Morice in 1699. A drawing of Lyneham House dated 1716 by Edmund Prideaux of Prideaux Place, Padstow, Cornwall, survives at Prideaux Place. It shows formal gardens in front with flanking pavilions and an orangery.
The estate was, after Crocker's Hele, in the parish of Meeth, the second earliest known Devonshire home of the Croker family, one of the most ancient in Devon according to "that old saw often used among us in discourse", the traditional rhyme related by Prince :
"Crocker, Cruwys, and Coplestone,
When the Conqueror came were at home"
The last male of the Crocker family of Lyneham was Courtenay Crocker, several times MP for Plympton. The Cruwys family in 2014 still resides in its ancient manor house at Cruwys Morchard where, despite the traditional rhyme which seeks to give it Anglo-Saxon origins, it is first recorded in the reign of King John, or possibly a little earlier. The senior branch of the Copleston family died out in the male line in 1632, but the Coplestons of Bowden in the parish of Ashprington survived a further century until the death without children of Thomas Copleston, MP, whose heirs in 1753 sold Bowden to William Pollexfen Bastard of Kitley.
Descent
de Lineham
Lynham is not listed as an estate or manor in the Domesday Book of 1086, which does however list the manor of Yealmpton, one of 72 royal manors or other holdings in Devon belonging to King William the Conqueror. It is likely that the one hide within that manor which the Domesday Book states the king had granted in frankalmoinage to "the clergy of the same village" d was Lynham. The mother church of these clergy was Salisbury Cathedral in Wiltshire.The de Lineham family, as was usual, took their surname from their seat. Raph de Lineham lived at Lyneham during the reign of King John He was followed by Walter de Lineham, Richard de Lineham, Dion de Lineham, John de Lineham and his son Walter de Lineham.
Topcliff
In 1374 Lyneham was the residence of Robert Topcliff, who was followed by his son Thomas Topcliff.Croker
John Croker of Lyneham in the parish of Meeth, Devon, MP for Tavistock in 1394 and Portreve of Tavistock, son ofWilliam Crocker, MP, of Hele, living during the reign of King Edward III ) is the first member of the Croker family to be seated at Lyneham. John Croker married Alice Gambon, daughter and heiress of John Gambon of Lyneham, and thus acquired that estate.
He was followed by his son John Croker, who was followed by his son Sir John Croker, a Member of Parliament for Devon in 1491 who married twice, firstly to Elizabeth Yeo, a daughter of Robert Yeo of Heanton Satchville, Petrockstowe, secondly to Elizabeth Fortescue, daughter of Sir Richard Fortescue and widow of a certain Elliott. He was followed by his son John Croker, by his first wife Elizabeth Yeo. This John Croker married twice, firstly to Jone Arundell, daughter of Humphry Arundell of "Selley", without children, and secondly to Elizabeth Pollard, a daughter of Sir Lewis Pollard of Grilstone in the parish of Bishop's Nympton, a Justice of the Common Pleas and Member of Parliament for Totnes. She survived him and remarried to Sir Hugh Trevanion.
He was followed by another John Croker, his son by Elizabeth Pollard, who married Elizabeth Strode, a daughter of Richard Strode of Newnham in the parish of Plympton St Mary, who in 1538 following the Dissolution of the Monasteries purchased the demesne lands of Plympton Priory, the second wealthiest monastery in Devon. His son was the seventh John Croker who married Agnes Servington, daughter of John Servington of Tavistock. His son was Hugh Croker, who pre-deceased his father, having married Agnes Bonville, only daughter and heiress of Richard Bonville of Modbury, a descendant of John Bonville, lord of the manor of Combe Raleigh, Devon, and bastard son of the magnate William Bonville, 1st Baron Bonville. His son was John Croker, heir to his grandfather, the seventh John Croker. He married a member of the Lee family. His son was also named John, who died unmarried and predeceased his father.
John Croker (fl.1657)
The next heir was another John Croker, the son of Francis Croker of Lyneham. In 1657 he married Jane Pole, 4th daughter of Sir John Pole, 1st Baronet of Shute and Bromley St Leonard, Middlesex, and sister of Sir Courtenay Pole, 2nd Baronet. Mary Pole, the eldest daughter of Sir John Pole, 1st Baronet, and aunt of Sir Courtenay Pole, 2nd Baronet, in 1606 married Francis Courtenay, de jure 4th Earl of Devon, lord of the manor of Powderham, but produced no children. There was no immediate blood connection to the Courtenay family which could be claimed by either the Poles or Crokers, and this connection to Francis Courtenay seemingly accounts for the adoption of the first name "Courtenay" in the Pole, Croker and Bulteel families. The first name "Courtenay" was commonly adopted amongst the Devonshire gentry, but usually as a result of descent from a Courtenay daughter.Sir Courtenay Croker (died 1740)
The son of this marriage was Sir Courtenay Croker, MP for Plympton Morice and the "last male of the name". The first name Courtenay was often adopted by descendants via a female line of the prominent Courtenay family lords of the manor of Powderham in Devon, a junior line of the extinct Courtenay Earls of Devon of Tiverton Castle. However neither Croker himself nor his uncle Sir Courtenay Pole, 2nd Baronet, could claim this distinction.In 1699 Prince reported that:
As to the present seat of the family, Lineham aforesaid, it is an antient house, which being grown weak and descript thro’ age, is now a repairing, or rather rebuilding, by the present possessor, Courtenay Crocker aforementioned, who is a justice of peace for the county, and a burgess of parliament, this present year 1699, for the burrough of Plimton Morice, in this shire
The house he built survives largely intact today. Sir Courtenay Croker married twice: firstly on about 1691 to Catharine Hillersdon, daughter and co-heiress of Richard Hillersdon of Membland in the parish of Holbeton, by whom he had one daughter and sole heiress Mary Croker, wife of James Bulteel. Secondly in 1696 he married Katherine Tucker, a daughter and co-heiress of John Tucker of Exeter, without children. He died in 1740 with no sons, when his only daughter Mary Croker became his sole heiress.
Bulteel
of Westminster, who died unmarried, served twice as a Member of Parliament for Lostwithiel in Cornwall, from 1661 to 1669. Between c.1658 and 1667 he was Secretary to Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon, Lord Chancellor to King Charles II from 1658, two years before the Restoration of the Monarchy, until 1667. In 1660 the Garter King of Arms confirmed to him the right to bear arms as follows: Argent semy of billets and a bend gules, with crest: Out of a crowne gules two wings argent billetté of the first. This family descended from James Bulteel of Tournay in Hainault. These are the same arms as are visible in Holbeton Church on Bulteel monuments. Samuel Bulteel of Sligo, Ireland, wrote as follows in about 1820:Three brothers, James, Dominick and Samuel Bulteel were obliged to fly from Tourney in French Flanders during the persecutions of the Protestants. They came for refuge to England about the latter end of the reign of Queen Elizabeth. James settled in Tavistock in Devonshire. Dominick was in priest's orders, and died without issue. Samuel settled at Plymouth. Some part of his issue went to Ireland and settled there and had issue.
The pedigree of Bulteel printed in Burke's Landed Gentry commences with Samuel Bulteel of Tavistock in Devon, a Huguenot refugee from France, whose son was James Bulteel of Tavistock, MP for Tavistock 1703-8 and 1711–15, who married Mary Crocker, daughter and heiress of Courtenay Crocker, of Lyneham. He was followed by John Bulteel. The son of John Bulteel was John Bulteel of Flete in the parish of Holbeton and of Lyneham, Sheriff of Devon in 1807/8. He married Elizabeth Perring, whose monument survives in the chancel of All Saints Church, Holbeton, daughter of Thomas Perring, a merchant of Modbury in Devon and of London.
John Bulteel was followed by his son John Crocker Bulteel of Fleet, Holbeton, in South Devon, a Whig MP for South Devon 1832-4 and Sheriff of Devon in 1841. He was Master of the Dartmoor Foxhounds and bred the finest pack of hounds in England. In 1850 Lyneham was being used as a "farmhouse", occupied by a farmer tenant of Lady Bulteel.