M-45 (Spain)
The M-45 is a highway bypass built in the Community of Madrid of regional importance. It begins at Exit 28-B of the M-40 highway, in Carabanchel, and ends at Coslada, where it joins with the M-50. The highway connects two national highways, the A-2 and A-5.
The M-45 was considered the best highway in Madrid in terms of safety and fluidity from a survey conducted in 2003 by the Ministry of Public Works, Town Planning and Transport of the Community of Madrid. It was also the first road to use the financing system known as " shadow toll ", giving rise to the completion of legal studies on this figure. The June 7, 2012, the Regional President Esperanza Aguirre announced before the end of 2012 this highway would become direct toll due to high maintenance costs as well as due to economic problems of the regional government. The cost to the Madrid government is 8 cents per kilometer and car, and 2.64 euros for each vehicle passing through all the way.
Planning and construction
For the purpose of construction, the highway was divided into three sections totaling 37 kilometers, 2 each way to clinching Joint Venture Company different. The award was made by negotiated and the construction was funded by the so-called shadow toll procedure.It opened on March 14 of 2002, 2 soon circulated around her half of 72,000 vehicles, easing the Autopista de Circunvalación M-40M-40 and M-50 at 40,000 cars. 6 In 2011 recorded an average daily traffic of 96 913 vehicles a day in its section more busy, between Leganés and Getafe. 7
The use of shadow toll as a means of funding has been controversial. The group of United Left in the Assembly of Madrid argues that is a significant increase for public spending. According to a report carried out, the cost in 25 years of the work of the highway would amount to 1,838 million euros, while direct execution had not exceeded 600 million. The responsible Ministry, ruled by the Popular Party, defended the system and said that the own Ministry of Public Works planned to use it.
Average Daily Traffic (ADT)
The detail of the average daily traffic in 2011, according to "Traffic Management Study on the roads of the Community of Madrid" published by the Community of Madrid, is as follows:| Km | Mi | Average Daily Traffic | % Heavy vehicles | Location of Measurement |
| 62,751 | 9.62 | Between M-40 and the link & Leganés | - | |
| 96,913 | 10.84 | Between Leganés & Getafe/Villaverde | - | |
| 89,916 | 11.40 | Between Getafe/Villaverde & A-4 | - | |
| 63,270 | 11.11 | Between A-4 & M-301 | - | |
| 59,124 | 13.39 | Between M-301 & PAU Vallecas | - | |
| 59,197 | 14.36 | Between PAU Vallecas & A-3 | - | |
| 55,748 | 14.18 | Between A-3 & M-203 | - | |
| 54,418 | 10.21 | Between M-203 & M-206 | - | |
| 87,260 | 19.49 | Between M-206 & San Fernando-Torrejón | - | |
| 90,081 | 19.98 | Between San Fernando-Torrejón & A-2 | - |
Concessions
The award is divided into three sections. The remuneration to the concession is made by the shadow toll method.| Stretch | End of Grant | Concessions | Shareholders | Percentage |
| Section I | 2032 | Concesiones de Madrid, S.A. | Globalvia Infraestructuras, S.A. | 100% |
| Section II | 2029 | Autopista Trados-45, S.A. | Iberpistas | 50% |
| Section II | 2029 | Autopista Trados-45, S.A. | Finavías | 50% |
| Section III | 2029 | Euroglosa 45 Concesionaria de la Comunidad de Madrid, S.A. | OHL | 100% |
Exits
| Elemento | Nombre de salida /Ver de arriba-abajo | Número de salida | Nombre de salida /Ver de abajo-arriba | Carretera que enlaza | Notas |
| Madrid Continúa por Dirección Badajoz | Carabanchel | ||||
| Leganés Toledo - Badajoz | Toledo - Badajoz - Leganés | Carabanchel | |||
| Mostoles - Toledo - Badajoz | Salida continua tras el final del carril de deceleración. Carabanchel | ||||
| Leganés | Leganés | Salida continua tras el final del carril de deceleración. Carabanchel | |||
| Salida continua tras el final del carril de deceleración. Carabanchel | |||||
| Toledo - Leganés Centro Comercial | Centro Comercial Toledo - Getafe - Villaverde | División de salidas en sentido antihorario muy cercas | |||
| Centro Comercial - Getafe - Villaverde - Madrid | |||||
| Centro Comercial - Córdoba - Madrid - San Martín de la Vega - | |||||
| Córdoba - Madrid - San Martín de la Vega - | |||||
| Córdoba | |||||
| Madrid - Valencia - Ensanche de Vallecas | |||||
| Córdoba | |||||
| Vallecas - Mejorada del Campo - Vicálvaro | |||||
| Madrid - Valencia - Ensanche de Vallecas | |||||
| Vallecas - Mejorada del Campo - Vicálvaro | |||||
| Madrid Valencia | Madrid - Valencia | ||||
| Coslada | Coslada | ||||
| Mejorada del Campo - San Fernando de Henares | Mejorada del Campo - San Fernando de Henares | Salida peligrosa de las vias centrales al lateral, al no existir carril continuo. | |||
| Valencia Valencia | |||||
| Madrid - Zaragoza | |||||
| - Zaragoza - San Fernando de Henares - Torrejón de Ardoz | Salida por las calzadas centrales | ||||
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